Term
| What are the components of all metric measurements? |
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Definition
- a prefix (kilo, micro, milli, etc)
- basic unit of measure (gram, liter, meter) |
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Term
| What are the three parts of scientific notation? |
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Definition
- mathematical sign (+/-)
- significand
- exponentiial |
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Term
| What is the most commonly used temperature scale and what is the boiling, and freezing temperatures of water in this scale? What is normal body temp in this scale |
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Definition
Celsius or Centigrade (means the same thing)
- water freezes at 0 degrees C
- water boils at 100 degrees C
- Normal body temperature + 37 degrees C |
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Term
| The nucleus of an atom contains which parts of an atom? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an atom with a positive charge called? What makes this atom positive? |
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Definition
Cation
An atom that has lost one electron now has a positive charge because it has more protons (positive) than electrons. |
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Term
| In the Periodic Table, what are the rows called? |
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Definition
Periods
- for each step to the right on the Periodic table, (i.e. stepping along within a period) there is an increase of one valence electron. |
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Term
| What is the atomic number and how does if differentiate one element from another? |
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Definition
| Atomic Number is the number of protons and it is the number of protons that define an element (make it unique). The number of neutrons and electrons can vary but the number of protons will always equal the Atomic Number for any specific element. |
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Term
| Which parts of an atom make up its Atomic Mass (or Atomic Weight - same) |
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Definition
| The weight of the protons plus the neutrons make up the Atomic Weight (mass). Electron have no weight. |
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Term
| Chemical equations are written as: |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the charge on Potassium in the compound KCl and why? |
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Definition
| The charge is +1. Potassium (K) is in Group 1 Alkaki Metals which means it has one valence electron which is easily gives up. Chlorine (Cl) is in Group 17 - Halogens with 7 valence electrons and it really wants to get to 8 valence electrons so it steals the "outer" electron from Potassium. |
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Term
| How does a catalyst affect a chemical reaction? |
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Definition
It helps create an alternate pathway for a reaction (a reaction that was going to happen but not very easily) requiring less energy to drive the reaction.
It's a bit like gasoline being being poured onto wood in a combustion reaction. The gasoline would make it easier for the combustion reaction (burning) to occur. The gasoline would be considered a catalyst. |
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Term
| If an individual weighs 150 lb, what is their weight in kilograms (kg). |
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Definition
| Must remember 1 kg = 2.2 lb. So a persons weight is kg is a lower number than the number of lb. To get a lower number - divide! (to get a higher number - multiply) So... 150/2.2 = 68.2 kg |
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