"Nobody has one exclusive sphere of activity but each can become accomplished in any branch he wishes, society regulates the general production and thus makes it possible for me to do one thing today and another tomorrow, to hunt in the morning, fish in the afternoon, rear cattle in the evening, criticize after dinner, just as I have a mind, without ever becoming hunter, fisherman, herdsman or critic."

The ideas expressed in the passage above are consistent with which of the following ideologies?

Which of the following was the earliest language written in Mesopotamia?

Aramic, Semitic, Sumerian, or Akkadian

"The fortunes of individuals, whether possessed by acquisition or by descent or in virtue of a participation in the goods of some community, were no part of the creditor's security, expressed or implied...[T]he public, whether represented by a monarch or by a senate, can pledge nothing but the public estate; and it can have no public estate except in what it derives from a just and proportioned imposition upon the citizens at large."

The ideas expressed by Edmund  Burke in the quote above from his Reflections on the Revolution in France, are referring to what?

Which of the following pair of cities denotes the birthplace, and final resting place of the Prophet Muhammad?

Basra and Nasiryah.

Cairo and Alexandria.

Esfahan and Shiraz.

Mecca and Medina.

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the outcome of the 1796 presidential election?

A. John Adams was the Federalist Party Presidential candidate, and Thomas Jefferson was the Federalist Party Vice-Presidential candidate; Adams was elected President, and thus Jefferson became Vice-President.

B. Thomas Jefferson was the Federalist Party Presidential candidate while John Adams was the Presidential candidate for the Democratic-Republican party; Jefferson was elected President, and Adams was elected Vice-President.

C. John Adams was the Federalist Party Presidential candidate while Thomas Jefferson was the Presidential candidate for the Democratic-Republican party; Adams was elected President, and Jefferson was elected Vice-President.

D. Thomas Jefferson was the Federalist Party Presidential candidate and John Adams was the Federalist Party Vice-Presidential candidate; Jefferson was elected President, and thus Adams became Vice President.

n March 1, 1875, President Ulysses S. Grant signed into law an act containing the following statement: “Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That all persons within the jurisdiction of the United States shall be entitled to the full and equal enjoyment of the accommodations, advantages, facilities, and privileges of inns, public conveyances on land or water, theaters, and other places of public amusement; subject only to the conditions and limitations established by law, and applicable alike to citizens of every race and color, regardless of any previous condition of servitude.” Which of the following best accounts for the rise of Jim Crow laws in the South despite the sentiments enumerated above?

Grandfather Clauses.

Compromise of 1877.

Literacy tests.

Poll taxes.

The Balfour Declaration of 1917 had the effect of:

Dividing regions of the Ottoman Empire into French and British mandates.

Overruling Zionist aspirations in Palestine.

Aligning British foreign policy with Zionist aspirations. Installing the Wahabite Dynasty in Saudi Arabia.

In perfect competition, once a market has reached the optimum number of firms that it can support, the market’s remaining firms will experience:

Total losses greater than economic profits and zero production costs.

Zero economic profits and the most minimal production costs.

Economic profits greater than accounting profits and minimal production costs.

Market price higher than market equilibrium and maximum economic profits.

Zero economic profits and the most minimal production costs.

In perfect competition, all the firms have identical production technology and are free to exit and enter the market. Once that all firms that experience losses have abandoned  the market, the remaining firms will experience equilibrium to the point that they will be producing at the lowest possible cost and making zero economic profit. Economic profit is always less than accounting profit, since it takes implicit costs into account. The correct answer therefore, is B.

Which of the following is the most populous state in the United States?

Texas. Florida. New York. California.

40 years

Korea officially became a protectorate of Japan in 1905, with the Eulsa Treaty, and in 1945, with the surrender of Japan to the United States and Russia, Korea was split into northern and southern sections.

All of the following represent the average total costs of a firm, EXCEPT:

Total costs divided by total production quantity.

Average fixed costs plus average variable costs.

Total cost per unit.

Change in cost per unit change.

Change in cost per unit change

The average total costs of a firm are calcuated by dividing the total costs by the total number of units produced. This is equal to both the total cost per unit (ATC = TC/q), as well as the averaged fixed costs, plus the average variable costs (ATC = AFC + AVC). The incorrect statement D, "change in cost per unit change," expresses the marginal cost (MC = ?TC/?q).

The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels advocated the “abolition of property in land and application of all rents of land to public purposes,” as well as the “confiscation of the property of all emigrants and rebels.” To which of the following independence movements do these ideas apply the most?

The American Revolution of 1776.

The Haitian Revolution of 1804.

The Cuban Revolution of 1959.

The Hungarian Revolution of 1956.

hich of the following statements about prisons in the United States is true?

As the prison population increases, the incidence of drug abuse decreases.

As the prison population increases, the incidence of prison health problems increases.

As the prison population increases, the crime rate decreases.

As the prison population increases, the recidivism rate decreases.

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."

The quote above is from which of the following Amendments to the U.S. Constitution?

The Whigs opposed Manifest Destiny and believed in building up the existing cities while Jacksonian Democracy believed wholeheartedly in expanding all the way to the West Coast.

Sequoyah, inventor of a system of writing, was a member of which Native American tribe?

In order to maximize profits and minimize losses, a firm in perfect competition should take which of the following courses of action?

A. Output should be set to coincide with marginal cost at the point where the marginal cost curve intersects with the average variable cost curve.

B. Output should be set to coincide with marginal cost at any point where marginal cost is greater than the market price.

C. Output should be set to coincide with marginal cost at the point where marginal cost equals the market price.

D. Output should be set to coincide with marginal cost at the point where the marginal cost intersects with the average total cost curve.

The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act marked the end of which of the following?

The system of checks and balances.

The merit system.

The spoils system.

The Electoral College System.

The spoils system.

The Act placed most federal employees on the merit system and provided some government jobs to be filled on the basis of competitive exams.

Which of the following was a consequence of the Tet Offensive?

People believed that a U.S. victory in Vietam was unlikely. Renewed confidence for a swift U.S. victory in Vietnam. Overthrew the democratic government of South Korea. Widespread genocide in Cambodia.

The short-run Phillips curve demonstrates which of the following?

A. As unemployment increases, nominal wages tend to increase.

B. As inflation increases, the rate of unemployment tends to increase.

C. As prices increase, nominal wages tend to increase.

D. As unemployment increases, nominal wages tend to decrease.

Which of the following accounts for the fact that demand curves tend to be downward sloping?

 Equilibrium price.

Price elasticity of supply.

Price elasticity of demand.

Equilibrium demand.

Stone Age

“Following a heavy bombardment, the enemy attacked the French Division at about 5 p.m., using asphyxiating gases for the first time. Aircraft reported that at about 5 p.m. thick yellow smoke had been seen issuing from the German trenches between Langemarck and Bixschoote.” The preceding quotation describes which of the following events?

Battle of Waterloo, 1815.

Second Battle of Ypres, 1915.

Battle of the Bulge, 1944–1945.

Chosin Battle-Operation Glory, 1954.

Second Battle of Ypres, 1915

The Second Battle of Ypres is regarded as the first battle in modern warfare in which  chemical weapons were heavily employed. Throughout the course of this Campaign, the Germans released significant quantities of chlorine gas from their trenches whenever the winds were favorable. Germany’s use of such a noxious and terrifying chemical weapon was one of the reasons they were so sternly punished by the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. The quote is from the report issued on June 15, 1915, by the Commander-in-Chief of the British Army, Field Marshal Sir John French, and reproduced in the The London Gazette, No. 29225,  on July 10, 1915