Term
| Are the kidneys intraperitoneal, secondarily or primarily retroperitoneal? |
|
Definition
| primarily retroperitoneal |
|
|
Term
| what are the layers around the kidney from superficial to deep? |
|
Definition
paraneohric/pararenal fat
renal fascia
perinephric/perirenal fat |
|
|
Term
| what is the role of the renal fascia during infection? |
|
Definition
| helps prevent spread of pus/blood, but can act as a conduit between kidneys and pelvis |
|
|
Term
| describe the location of the kidneys |
|
Definition
T12-L3
right kidney slightly lower than left
in upper right and left quandrants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
green- superior pole
blue-lateral border
yellow- inferior pole
purple- medial border w/ renal hilum
white- renal capsule |
|
|
Term
| what is entering/exiting the renal hilum most anteriorly? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is entering/exiting the renal hilum most posteriorly? |
|
Definition
| renal pelvis which turns to the ureter |
|
|
Term
| what enters and exits the renal hilum? |
|
Definition
renal vein- exiting
renal artery- entering
renal pelvis- exiting |
|
|
Term
| what is the outer part of the inside of the kidney? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the middle part of the kidney? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what part of the kidney has pyrimids and renal collumns? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| trace the path of urine towards the ureter |
|
Definition
renal papillae
minor calyx
major calyx
renal pelvis
ureter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a kidney that doesnt ascend like normal during development, can be unilateral or bilateral |
|
|
Term
| what is a horseshoe kidney? |
|
Definition
| right and left kidney united at inferior pole, ascent stopped by IMA |
|
|
Term
| are ureters intraperitoneal, primarily or secondarily retroperitoneal? |
|
Definition
| primarily retroperitoneal |
|
|
Term
| how does urine move down the ureter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are the adrenal glands? |
|
Definition
primarily retroperitoneal, on supermedial aspect of kidney
inside the renal fascia
in right and left upper quadrant |
|
|
Term
| trace the route of lymph from the kidneys/adrenal glands |
|
Definition
to the lumbar lymph nodes along the aorta
chyle cistern
thoracic duct |
|
|
Term
| map the route of the prasympathetic innervation of the kidney |
|
Definition
preganglioionc cell bodies- brain
preganglionic fibers- vagus nerve C X
post ganglionic cell bodies and fibers on kidneys |
|
|
Term
| map the route of the sympathetic innervation of the kidney |
|
Definition
preganglionic cell bodies- lateral horn
ventral root
spinal nerve
ventral ramus
white ramus comunicans
sympathetic trunk
splanchnic (thoracic and lumbar) nerve
post ganglionic bodies: renal gangleion post ganglionic fibers:follow arterial branches |
|
|
Term
| map the route of sympathetic innervation of the adrenal glands |
|
Definition
preganglionic cell bodies- lateral horn
preganglionic cell fibers- ventral root
spinal nerve
ventral ramus
white ramus comunicans
sypathetic trunk
spanchnic nerve
post ganglionic cell bodies- secretory cells of arenal glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
purple- celiac trunk
orange- SMA
black- IMA
green- middle suprarenal arteries
yellow-renal arteries
pink-gonadal arteries
light blue-lumbar arteries |
|
|
Term
| what arteries branch first off the abdominal aorta? |
|
Definition
| inferior phrenic to diaphragm and superior suprarenal |
|
|
Term
| why do some kidneys have extra arteries attached? |
|
Definition
| accessory renal arteries are due to failure of embryonic arteries to degenerate |
|
|
Term
| where do people run the risk of getting an aortic aneurysm? |
|
Definition
| right above where it bifurcates to the common illiac arteries at L4. if not detected and ruptures it is fatal in 90% |
|
|
Term
| where do the common illiac veins join to form the IVC |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in what ways do the tributaries to the IVC not match the branches of the abdominal aorta? |
|
Definition
left gonadal vein drains into left renal vein
hepatic veins have not arterial equivalent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
purple-cuadratus lumborum
origination- 12th rib insertion- iliac crest
grey-psoas major
origination- lumbar vertebrae insertion with iliacus
yellow- iliacus
origination- iliac fossa insertion with psoas major on lesser trochanter of the femur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
green- subcostal
blue- illiohypogastric
pink- illioinguinal
yellow- genitofemoral
white- femoral nerve
purple- obturator nerve |
|
|
Term
| what goes through the caval opening of the diaphragm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what goes through the esophageal hiatus in the diaphragm? |
|
Definition
| esophagus and CN X at T10 |
|
|
Term
| what goes through the aortic hiatus in the diaphragm? |
|
Definition
| aorta thoracic duct and azygos vein at T12 |
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