Term
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Definition
Charles Ives
1906
Separated ensembles, varied time signatures, dialogue. |
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Term
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Definition
Anton Webern
Solo piano
Serialism with symmetrical rows. |
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Term
| Quatour pour la fin du temps |
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Definition
Olivier Messiaen
Clarinet, piano, violin, and cello
Use of medieval isorhythm, bird calls |
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Term
| Mode de valeurs et d'intensités |
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Definition
Olivier Messiaen
Solo piano.
Premiered at Darmstadt
Basis of Boulez's Structure 1a. First piece to use integral serialism; duration, pitch, and dynamics serialized. |
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Definition
Edgard Varése
First all-percussion composition.
Use of textural changes. |
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Term
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Definition
Edgard Varése
Solo flute
Use of motivic unity |
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Term
| First Construction in Metal |
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Definition
John Cage
For six percussionists.
Numerology utilizing the number sixteen. |
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Term
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Definition
Henry Cowell
Solo piano
Extended technique- playing directly on piano strings. |
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Term
| Three Compositions for Piano |
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Definition
Milton Babbitt
Solo piano
Total serialism: rhythms and dynamics serialized.
Forerunner to Messiaen's Mode de Valeurs |
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Term
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Definition
Milton Babbitt
Solo Horn
Use of arrays- several rows going on in different registers. |
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Term
| "Who Cares if You Listen?" |
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Definition
Milton Babbitt
The composer as specialist/academic. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Karlheinz Stockhausen
Piano, oboe, bass clarinet, three percussionists.
Serialized rhythmic ostinati
Integral serialism. |
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Term
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Definition
Benjamin Britten
Opera based on short story by Henry James
Tonal/falling fifths serial row.
Key center shifts throughout opera |
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Term
| Sonata for Flute, Oboe, Cello, Harpsichord |
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Definition
Elliott Carter
Antiphonal texture, historicism, klangfarbenmelodie |
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Term
| Sonata No. 1 for Prepared Piano |
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Definition
John Cage
Similarities to gamelan. Binary form. Square-root method of composition. Numerology.
Strict control. |
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Term
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Definition
Igor Stravinsky
Trombones and string quartet.
Serialism using only five tones per row. |
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Term
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Definition
Lukas Foss
Soprano and orchestra
Text uses time motives. Improvisation between movements. |
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Term
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Definition
Igor Stravinsky
Ballet score for 12 dancers
Stravinsky's first 12-tone piece with 12 tones. |
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Term
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Definition
Pierre Boulez
Post-tonal flagship
Based on 12-tone rows, but not entirely.
Contralto, alto flute, viola, guitar, vibraphone, xylophone, percussion. |
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Term
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Definition
John Cage
Drawn from star charts.
For orchestra with electronic scrambling.
Audience walks out. |
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Term
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Definition
Karlheinz Stockhausen
Solo piano
Aleatory choice of segments. |
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Term
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Definition
Pierre Boulez
Solo piano
Random ordering of movements. |
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Term
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Definition
Futurist author
"Sketch of a new aesthetic" |
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Term
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Definition
| Futurist author "The Art of Noises" |
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Term
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Definition
Olivier Messiaen
Uses the ondes martenot, one of the first synthesizers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pierre Schaffer and Pierre Henri (RTF studios) |
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Term
| Concert of Noises Broadcast |
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Definition
| 5 electronic pieces by Pierre Schaffer based on railroads. |
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Term
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Definition
| Herbet Eimer and Werner Myer-Eppler at NWGR in Köln. |
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Term
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Definition
Karlheinz Stockhausen
First electronic piece to be notated. |
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Term
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Definition
Otto Luening
Electronically manipulated alto flute. |
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Term
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Definition
Vladimir Ussachevsky
Radio-like signal sounds |
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Term
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Definition
Hugh Le Caine
Electronically manipulated water-drop sounds. |
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Term
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Definition
Karlheinz Stockhausen
Piano, percussion, and recorded tape. |
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Term
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Definition
Karlheinz Stockhausen
Electronically manipulated boy's voice. Transformation of speaking. Integral serialism of density, sounds, frequency. |
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Term
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Definition
Karlheinz Stockhausen
Solo percussion.
Aleatory spiral-bound notation. |
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Term
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Definition
György Ligeti
Use of synthesized "language," use of phonemes |
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Term
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Definition
Edgard Varése
Written to be played in the Phillips Paviliion at the 1958 World's Fair. |
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Term
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Definition
Edgard Varése
Combines live performers with electronic music. |
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Term
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Definition
Mario Davidovsky
Total of 8 synchronisms (No I is for flute) for solo instrument and electronic tape. |
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Term
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Definition
Milton Babbitt
Written for Bethany Beardslee
For singer and synthesizer |
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Term
| Silver Apples of the Moon |
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Definition
Morton Subotnik
Commissioned by Nonesuch Records, Inc., for RCA Synthesier |
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Term
| Any Resemblance is Purely Coincidental |
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Definition
Charles Dodge
Piano and tape (of electronically manipulated Caruso) |
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Term
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Definition
Mark Wingate
Music concréte of car noises |
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Term
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Definition
Luciano Berio
Voice, harp, two percussionists
Uses poetry of e.e. cummings |
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Term
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Definition
Karlheinz Stockhausen
Two teams, three players each, play tam-tam and manipulate electronically. |
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Term
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Definition
Luciano Berio
Solo voice. Very extended techniques. Begins with off-stage muttering.
Composed for Cathy Berberian |
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Term
| Aventures and Nouvelles Aventures |
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Definition
György Ligeti
Vocal trio and 7 instruments. Phonetically composed. |
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Term
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Definition
Conlon Nancarrow
Experimented with player piano. |
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Term
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Definition
Eliott Carter
Instruments exhibit their own distinctive personalities to form dialogue. |
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Term
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Definition
Conlon Nancarrow
Experimented with player piano. |
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Term
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Definition
Eliott Carter
Instruments exhibit their own distinctive personalities to form dialogue. |
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Term
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Definition
Iannis Xenakis
Orchestra
Stochastic randomness contained. |
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Term
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Definition
Iannis Xenakis
String quartet
Use of sound masses and stochastic music. |
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Term
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Definition
György Ligeti
Tone clusters. Sound mass. |
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Term
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Definition
Witold Lutoslawski
Use of aleatory and controlled characteristics. Use of chain form. |
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Term
| Eight Songs for a Mad King |
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Definition
Peter Maxwell Davies
Pierrot Lunaire influenced. Theatrics, graphic notation.
Baritone, flute, clarinet, violin, cello, harpsichord |
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Term
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Definition
Chou Wen-Chung
Solo piano
Use of pentatonic scale, Eastern influences, chi'in elements. |
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Term
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Definition
Toru Takemitsu
Western orchestra with shakuhachi and biwa. |
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Term
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Definition
Lou Harrison
Cello and violin with gamelan |
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Term
| The SIlence Past Lonliness |
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Definition
Michael Bakan
Gamelan, cello, narrator |
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Term
| Invented instruments: cloud chamber, boo, cone gongs etc. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Steve Reich
Purely percussion
Influenced by Ghana drumming
Uses additive and subtractive phasing. |
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Term
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Definition
John Cage and Lejaren Hiller
Use of electronic tapes and 1-7 harpsichords. Scrambles quotation from Mozart up through Cage and Hiller |
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Term
| Ancient Voices of Children |
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Definition
George Crumb
Soprano, boy soprano, oboe, mandolin, harp, electric piano, three percussionists
Tribal feel, allusion to music of other cultures. Graphic notation. |
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Term
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Definition
Peter Schat
Dutch response to WWII, uses highly political text by Adrian Mitchell.
Use of 9 electric guitars due to Dutch government's banning of them.
Solo vocalist, six humming tops and four instrumental groups of miscellaneous orchestration.
Theatrics. Hall itself turns into mad house. Tops used to denote craziness. |
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Term
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Definition
Mark Wingate
Use of electronically manipulated phone sounds. |
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Term
| Rituel in Memoriam B. Aderno |
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Definition
Pierre Boulez
Alternation of texture. Use of additive phasing: 1 oboe, two clarinets, 3 flutes, 4 violins, etc.) |
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Term
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Definition
Luciano Berio
Electronic manipulation of Berberian reading from Joyce's Ulysses. |
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Term
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Definition
| Big blocks of sound in indefinite order. |
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Term
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Definition
Earle Brown
Very graphic notation. Any instrument. |
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