Term
The thoracic viscera consists of the:
1.) lungs
2.) mediastinum
3.) diaphragm |
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Definition
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Term
| The area between the two lungs is termed the: |
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Definition
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Term
The respiratory system proper consists of the:
1.) larynx
2.) trachea and bronchi
3.) both lungs |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the trachea lie in relation to the esophagus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the hooklike process on the last tracheal cartilage? |
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Definition
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Term
| After entering the hilum, each primary bronchus divides. How many primary branches are in the right lung? |
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Definition
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Term
| The lungs are composed of a light, spongy, elastic substance called the: |
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Definition
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Term
| The part of the lung that extends above the clavicle is termed the: |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following would not be included in the mediastinum?
1.) thymus
2.) larynx
3.) diaphragm |
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Definition
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Term
| Which ribs are called the false ribs? |
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Definition
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Term
| The 12 costovertebral joints of the ribs are: |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the recommended SID necessary to blur the posterior ribs on a PA oblique projection of the sternum? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the top of the IR positioned for an AP oblique projection of the ribs? |
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Definition
| 1.5 inches inches above the upper border of the shoulder |
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Term
| The central-ray angle for a lateral sternum is: |
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Definition
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Term
| For which type of body habitus will the diaphragm be at the highest level in the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| For which type of body habitus will the diaphragm be at the lowest position in the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are the hands placed for a PA projection of the ribs so that the scapulae are rotated away from the rib cage? |
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Definition
| Back of the hands against the hips |
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Term
| How far is the top of the 14 ´ 17 inch (35 ´ 43 cm) IR or collimated field placed above the upper border of the shoulder for projections of the ribs? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the IR positioned for a lateral sternum? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the head positioned for a PA projection of both sternoclavicular articulations? |
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Definition
| Turn the head to face the affected side. |
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Term
| How many ribs attach directly to the sternum? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much is the body rotated for an AP or PA axillary projection of the ribs? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much is the body rotated for the PA oblique projection of the sternoclavicular articulation (body rotation technique)? |
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Definition
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Term
| ow much should the body be rotated for a PA oblique projection of the sternum? |
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Definition
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Term
| Ribs lie in an oblique plane in the thorax. How are the anterior ends situated in comparison to the posterior ends? |
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Definition
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Term
| The 10 costochondral joints of the ribs are |
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Definition
| cartilaginous—synchondroses. |
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Term
| The 12 costovertebral joints of the ribs are: |
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Definition
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Term
| The approximate length of the sternum is _____ inches. |
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Definition
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Term
| The central ray for a PA projection of the upper ribs is: |
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Definition
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Term
| The central-ray angle for a lateral sternum is: |
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Definition
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Term
| The central-ray angle for the PA oblique projection of the sternum is: |
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Definition
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Term
| The central-ray angulation for the PA oblique projection of the sternoclavicular articulation (body rotation technique) is: |
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Definition
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Term
| The costal cartilages of the eighth through tenth ribs attach to: |
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Definition
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Term
| The easily palpable superior border of the manubrium is called the: |
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Definition
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Term
| The phase of respiration for a PA projection of the sternoclavicular joints is: |
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Definition
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Term
| The space between each of the ribs is called the: |
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Definition
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Term
| To obtain a more uniform density, the respiration phase for the PA oblique projection of the sternoclavicular joints is: |
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Definition
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Term
| What degree of x-ray tube angulation is required to demonstrate the sternum on a patient whose thorax measures 30 cm? |
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Definition
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Term
| What degree of x-ray tube angulation is required to demonstrate the sternum on a patient whose thorax measures 15 cm? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the distance of movement of the diaphragm between deep inspiration and deep expiration? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the recommended SID necessary to blur the posterior ribs on a PA oblique projection of the sternum? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the respiration phase for a lateral projection of the sternum? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the respiration phase for the AP projection of the ribs below the diaphragm? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the respiration phase for the PA projection of the upper ribs? |
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Definition
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Term
| When performing the PA oblique projection (body rotation technique) of the sternoclavicular articulations, which of the joints would be demonstrated? |
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Definition
| The joint closest to the IR |
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Term
| Where is the IR centered for a PA oblique sternum? |
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Definition
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Term
Where is the bottom of the IR positioned for an AP projection of the ribs (below the diaphragm)? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the center of the IR positioned for a PA projection of sternoclavicular joints? |
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Definition
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Term
| here is the top of the IR positioned for an AP oblique projection of the ribs? |
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Definition
| 1.5 inches above the upper border of the shoulder |
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Term
| Where should the patient's hands be positioned for an upright lateral sternum? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which SID is recommended for the lateral projection of the sternum for management of magnification? |
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Definition
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Term
Which breathing techniques can be used when performing an oblique projection of the sternum?
1. Inspiration
2. Expiration
3. Slow, shallow breathing |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following IR size and position is for the AP projection of the lower ribs? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following body positions will project the left ribs clear of the heart?
1. Lateral
2. LAO
3. RPO |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following form the bony thorax?
1. Sternum
2. 12 pairs of ribs
3. 12 thoracic vertebrae |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is the essential projection and body position for demonstration of the sternum? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is the recommended position for optimal demonstration of the upper anterior ribs?
1. Recumbent
2. Standing
3. Seated upright |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following projections would be used to demonstrate the sternum on a trauma patient who must remain relatively supine? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which projection and body position will demonstrate the sternum through the heart? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which ribs are attached to the vertebrae only? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which ribs are demonstrated on an AP oblique projection? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Disruption of the continuity of bone |
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Term
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Definition
| Transfer of a cancerous lesion from one area to another |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of bone due to a pyogenic infection |
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Term
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Definition
| Increased density of atypically soft bone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Thick, soft bone marked by bowing and factures |
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Term
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Definition
| New tissue growth where cell proliferation is uncontrolled |
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Term
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Definition
| Malignant tumor arising from cartilage cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Malignant neoplasm of plasma cells involving the bone marrow and causing the destruction of bone. |
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Term
| Portion of rib that articulates with transverse process of thoracic vertebrae |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of the bony thorax? |
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Definition
| To protect the heart and the lungs. |
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Term
| The jugular notch is found anterior to which precise location of the thoracic vertebral column? |
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Definition
| The disk space between T2 and T3 |
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Term
| To which location of the thoracic column does the sternal angle correspond? |
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Definition
| The disk space between T4 and T5 |
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Term
| To which location of the thoracic column does the xiphoid process correspond? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why should the patient be rotated into an oblique position instead of AP or PA |
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Definition
| To prevent superimposition of the sternum with the vertebral column |
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Term
| Why is the RAO position preferred for the oblique sternum over the LAO |
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Definition
| To use the background density of the heart for visualization of the sternum. |
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Term
| What are 2 breathing techniques preferred for oblique sternum? |
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Definition
| Slow/shallow or expiration |
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Term
| If a short exposure time is preferred, what breathing instructions should be given to the patient? |
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Definition
| Suspend respiration after expiration. |
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Term
| When the image made with the patient in the RAO position is properly viewed, where will the sternum appear with reference to the vertebral column? |
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Definition
| Toward the viewer's right and on the left side of the patient's thorax without vertebral superimposition. |
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Term
| What is the recommended SID for a lateral projection of sternum and why? |
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Definition
| 72 inches to reduce magnification of the sternum |
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Term
| What are the breathing instructions for the lateral sternum and why? |
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Definition
| Stop breathing after deep inspiration to obtain more contrast between the posterior surface of the sternum and adjacent structures |
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Term
| Which ribs (affected or unaffected side) should be placed closer to the IR for the best imaging with AP oblique projections? |
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Definition
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