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Positioning - Chapter 18
IVP & VCUG
47
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
10/18/2017

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Cards

Term
The cup-shaped recesses in the center of each kidney that receive the urine from the collecting ducts are called the:
Definition
Calyces
Term

Which of the following is true regarding nonionic contrast media?
1.) cost is higher
2.) less likely to cause a reaction
3.) less is necessary for the injection

Definition

1.) cost is higher

2.)less likely to cause a reaction

3.) less is necessary for the injection

 

LOL...trickster!

Term
Where do the ureters enter the bladder?
Definition
Posterior Wall
Term
Which technique is used to get contrast medium into the urinary bladder for a cystogram?
Definition
Retrograde Filling Technique
Term
The technique of injecting contrast media into a vein and taking radiographs of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder is termed:
Definition
 
 

Intravenous Urography

Term

 

The series of radiographs made during an IVU examination are typically done at time intervals between ___ and ___ minutes

Definition
3 and 20 minutes
Term
The concentration of iodine in ionic contrast media is:
Definition
50% to 70%
Term

Contraindications for intravenous urography include which of the following:
1.) anuria
2.) renal failure
3.) elderly patients

Definition

1.) anuria
2.) renal failure

Term
How much will the kidneys drop in the change from the supine to the upright position?
Definition
2 inches
Term
How much is the body rotated for the AP oblique projection of the urinary bladder during a cystogram?
Definition
40 to 60 degrees
Term
How many minutes after injection does the greatest concentration of contrast medium appear in the kidneys?
Definition
15 to 20 minutes
Term

Before venipuncture is performed, the radiologic technologist must assess which of the following:
1.) age of the patient
2.) allergic reaction to iodine tincture (if used)
3.) adverse reaction to the medication being administered

Definition

2.) allergic reaction to iodine tincture (if used)
3.) adverse reaction to the medication being administered

Term
How much is the body rotated for the AP oblique projection during a male or female cystourethrogram?
Definition
35 to 40 degrees
Term
The center of the compression device that is placed over the lower ureters during intravenous urography is positioned:
Definition
at the level of the ASIS
Term
The antiseptic used to cleanse the skin before venipuncture should remain on the skin for:
Definition
30 seconds
Term
What plane should be centered to the grid for a lateral projection of the urinary system?
Definition
MCP is centered to the grid
Term

Functions of the kidney include:


1.) removing waste products from the blood
2.) maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance
3.) secreting substances that affect blood pressure

Definition
1.) removing waste products from the blood
2.) maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance
3.) secreting substances that affect blood pressure
Term

Significant reactions to contrast media include which of the following:
1.) nausea
2.) vomiting
3.) edema of the respiratory mucous membrane

Definition

1.) nausea
2.) vomiting
3.) edema of the respiratory mucous membrane

Term
The respiration phase for radiographs made during intravenous urography is:
Definition
Suspended expiration
Term

The urinary system includes which of the following?
1.) urethra
2.) two kidneys
3.) suprarenal glands

Definition

1.) urethra
2.) two kidneys

Term

Which of the following must be available during an IVU?
1.) nurse
2.) radiologist
3.) emergency cart

Definition

2.) radiologist
3.) emergency cart

Term

The radiologic technologist may initiate venipuncture and administer medications on the order of:
1.) any physician
2.) a registered nurse (RN) supervisor
3.) a radiologic technologist supervisor

Definition
1.) any physician
Term
The abbreviation for the excretory technique of urography is:
Definition
IVU
Term
The cluster of blood capillaries contained within the capsule of a nephron is called the:
Definition
Glomerulus
Term
What type of motion is used to cleanse the skin before venipuncture?
Definition
Circular
Term
IV medications are administered via the:
Definition
Venous system
Term
What is the central-ray angle for the AP oblique projections of the urinary system?
Definition
0 degrees
Term

Which of the following is true regarding the kidneys:

  1. the left kidney is longer and narrower than the right
  2. the left kidney is lower than the right
  3. the right kidney is longer and narrower than the left
  4. both kidneys are the same length and width
Definition
  1. the left kidney is longer and narrower than the right
Term

Compression should not be used during an IVU if the patient has:
1.) an iodine allergy
2.) an aneurysm
3.) a colostomy

Definition

2.) an aneurysm
3.) a colostomy

Term

Preparation of the patient for an IVU includes:
1.) a light evening meal
2.) a non–gas forming laxative
3.) NPO after midnight

Definition

1.) a light evening meal
2.) a non–gas forming laxative
3.) NPO after midnight

Term

For which of the following anatomical areas is the retrograde technique used?
1.) bladder
2.) lower ureters
3.) urethra

Definition

1.) bladder
2.) lower ureters
3.) urethra

Term

Which of the following projections are used during a cystogram?
1.) AP
2.) AP oblique
3.) lateral

Definition

1.) AP
2.) AP oblique
3.) lateral

Term
What is the central-ray angulation for the AP axial urinary bladder?
Definition
10-15 degrees caudad
Term
Where is the IR centered for an AP axial projection of the urinary bladder (cystogram)?
Definition
2" above the upper border of the pubic symphysis
Term
A radiographic examination of the urinary bladder is termed:
Definition
Cystography
Term
Which of the following serves as the reservoir for urine?
Definition
Urinary bladder
Term
Who governs the rules of venipuncture?
Definition
ASRT, State, and Institution 
Term
How much does the bladder hold?
Definition
500 ml
Term
What is extravasation?
Definition
A result of contrast media or medication that enters the soft tissue, instead of the vein
Term
What is the normal reaction to contrast?
Definition
A warm and flush feeling
Term
Where is the compression paddle used?
Definition
At the distal ends of ureters
Term

True or False

 

A patient should urinate prior to an IVU exam

Definition
True
Term
What is it called when a patient has a severe reaction to contrast?
Definition
Anaphylactic shock/reaction
Term
When do most reactions generally occur after injection?
Definition
Within 5 minutes
Term
What is the CR angulation for a PA Axial Bladder/Cystogram image?
Definition
10-15 degrees cephalad
Term
What is the CR angulation for a AP Axial Bladder/Cystogram image?
Definition
10-15 degrees caudad
Term
What anatomy is imaged for a proper Cystogram/VCUG?
Definition

Urethra

Bladder

Distal Ureters

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