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| imaginary lines that are used descriptively to divide the body into sections |
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| refers to the belly or underside of a body or body a part |
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front of the body
(used more in description of organs or body parts; confusing term in quadrapeds because a quadraped's belly is oriented downward not forward as in a human) |
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| uppermost, above, or toward the head |
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lowermost, below, or toward the tail
(used more commonly in bipeds) |
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| nearest midline or nearest the beginning of a structure |
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| farthest from the midline or farthest from the beginning of a structure |
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| near the surface;also called external |
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| away from or beneath the surface; also called internal |
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| caudal surface of the manus (front paw) including the carpus (from the antebrachial joint distally) |
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| (latin) means hollow of the hand |
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| caudal surface of the pes (rear paw) including the tarsus (from the tibiotarsal joint distally) |
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| plane that divides the body into equal right and left halves |
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| plane that divides the body into equal right and left halves |
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| plane that divides the body into equal right and left halves |
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| plane that divides the body into UNequal right and left halves |
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| plane that divides the body into dorsal(back) and ventral(belly) parts |
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| plane that divides the body into dorsal(back) and ventral(belly) parts |
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| frontal plane (in quadripeds) |
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| plane that divides the body into dorsal(back) and ventral(belly) parts |
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| plane that divides the body into cranial and caudal parts; may also be used to describe a perpendicular transection to the long axis of an appendage |
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| plane that divides the body into cranial and caudal parts |
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| plane that divides the body into cranial and caudal parts |
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| study of changes in function caused by disease |
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| used to describe how teeth are arranged in the mouth |
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| aspect of tooth that faces the tongue |
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tooth surface of the maxilla that faces the tongue
(in human dentistry we call this the lingual surface, just like the teeth in the mandible) |
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tooth surface facing the lips
(in human dentistry we call this the facial surface) |
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buccal surface
*the book also calls this vestibular surface - this isn't a term used in modern language |
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| aspect of tooth that faces cheek |
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| (latin) space or cavity at an entrance |
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| aspects of the tooth that touch other teeth |
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| contact surface that is closest to the midline |
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| contact surface of tooth that is furthest from the midline of the dental arcade |
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| hole or hollow space in the body that contains and protects internal organs |
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| hollow space that contains the brain in the skull |
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| hollow space that contains the spinal cord within the spinal column |
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| thoracic cavity (chest cavity) |
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| hollow space that contains the heart and lungs within the ribs between the neck and diaphragm |
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| hollow space that contains the major organs of digestion between the diaphragm and pelvic cavity |
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| hollow space within the abdominal cavity between the parietal pertoneum and the visceral peritoneum |
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| hollow space that contains the reproductive and some excretory system organs formed by the pelvic bones |
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| portion of body between the thorax and pelvis containing the abdominal cavity |
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| region between the neck and the diaphragm |
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| lower region of the abdomen adjacent to the thigh; it is also known as the inguinal area |
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| layers of tissue that cover a surface, line a cavity or divide a space or organ |
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| membrane lining walls of abdominal and pelvic cavities and covers some organs in this area |
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| outer layer of the peritoneum that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities |
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| inner layer of the peritoneum that surrounds the abdominal organs |
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| inflammation of the peritoneum |
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| pit in the abdominal wall marking the point where the umbilical cord entered the fetus (navel) |
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| layer of the peritoneum that suspends part of the intestine in the abdominal cavity |
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| superficial to the peritoneum |
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| this is the only medical term for lying down |
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| ventral or sternal recumbency |
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| means lying in ventral or sternal recumbency |
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| means lying in dorsal recumbency |
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| movement toward the midline |
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| movement away from midline |
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| closure of a joint angle, or reduction of the angle between two bones |
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| straightening of a joint or an increase in the angle between two bones |
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| occurs when a joint is flexed to far; (palmar or plantar movement of joint angles) |
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| occurs when a joint is extended too far; (dorsal movement of joints beyond the reference angle) |
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| act of rotating the limb or body part so that the palmar surface is turned downward (think of position of palms while holding a bowl of soup) |
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| act of rotating limb or body part so that the palmar surface is turned downward |
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| circular movement around an axis |
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