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Populations and Communities
Environmental vocabulary
139
Science
8th Grade
08/31/2011

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Cards

Term
Organism
Definition
A living thing.
Term
Habitat
Definition
An environment that provides the things an organism needs to live, grow and reproduce.
Term
Biotic Factor
Definition
A living part of an organisms habitat.
Term
Abiotic Factor
Definition
A nonliving part of an organisms habitat.
Term
Photosynthesis
Definition
The process in which organisms use water along with sunlight and carbon dioxide to make their own food.
Term
Species
Definition
A group of organisms that are physically similar and can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce.
Term
Population
Definition
All the members of one species in a particular area.
Term
Community
Definition
All the different populations that live together in an area.
Term
Ecosystem
Definition
The community of organisms that live in a particular area, along with their nonliving surrounding.
Term
Ecology
Definition
The study of how living things interact with each other and their environment.
Term
Estimate
Definition
An opproximation of a number, based on reasonable assumptions.
Term
Birth Rate
Definition
The number of births in a population in a certain amount of time.
Term
Death Rate
Definition
The number of deaths in a population in a certain amount of time.
Term
Immigration
Definition
Moving into a population.
Term
Emigration
Definition
Leaving a population.
Term
Population Density
Definition
The number of individuals in an area of a specific size.
Term
Limiting Factor
Definition
An environment factor that causes a population to decrease.
Term
Carrying Capacity
Definition
The largest population that an area can support.
Term
Water, Sunlight, Oxygen, Temperature, and Soil.
Definition
Name the five abiotic (nonliving) parts of and organism's habitat.
Term
Food, Water and Shelter
Definition
Name three things an organism needs from its environment to live, grow and reproduce.
Term
Organism, Population, Community and Ecosystem
Definition
Name from smallest to largest the levels of organization. community, ecosystem, organism, population
Term
Natural selection
Definition
Organism with unique characteristics tend to survive and reproduce
Term
Adaptations
Definition
Behaviors and physical characteristics that allow organisms to successfully live in their environment.
Term
Niche
Definition
the role of an organism in its habitat and how it makes its living.
Term
What are three interactions between organisms?
Definition
Competition, Predation, and Symbiosis
Term
Competition
Definition
The struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited resources.
Term
Predation
Definition
one organisms hunts and kills another for food.
Term
Predator
Definition
Organism that does the killing.
Term
prey
Definition
the organism that is killed.
Term
Symbiosis
Definition
A close relationship between 2 species that benefits at least one of them.
Term
Symbiosis
Definition
A close relationship between 2 species that benefits at least one of them.
Term
Mutualism
Definition
Both organisms benefit.
Term
Commensalism
Definition
1 benefits and the other is not harmed.
Term
Parasitism
Definition
1 benefits the other is harmed.
Term
Parasite
Definition
The organism that benefits.
Term
Host
Definition
The organism a parasite lives on.
Term
Primary Succession
Definition
The series of changes that occur in anarea where no soil or organisms exist. ex. volcano
Term
Succession
Definition
Predictable changes that occur in a community over time.
Term
Pioneer species
Definition
First species populate an area.
Term
What are two types of pioneer species?
Definition
Mosses and Lichens
Term
Secondary Succession
Definition
Changes where the ecosystem has been disturbed, but where soil and organisms exist.
Term
What is an example of secondary succession?
Definition
Farmland returns to forest. caused by fires, tornadoes, hurricanes, farming and logging.
Term
Which one is qualifled to become president
Definition
I was dorn in New Mexico 50 yrs ago and have lived there my entire life
Term
How is the President a legislative leader
Definition
Appoinys Supreme Conrt justices
Term
A farner be ileves that radiation form a nuclesr power plant has hurt his crops, which department should be involed
Definition
Department of Energy and Agriculture
Term
All of the following are Executive Departments except
Definition
Department of Congress
Term
The president has the power to declare war
Definition
False
Term
Who is the current Vice President
Definition
Joe Biden
Term
Who is the leader of the military, also known as the Commander in Chief
Definition
president
Term
What is the purpose of the Executive Branch
Definition
Execute and enforce lawss
Term
What executive department was created by George W.Bush after the September 11th attacks
Definition
Department of Homland Security
Term
The president is required to give a speech to congress in an annual
Definition
State of the union Address
Term
Who is the current Secret of state
Definition
Hillary Clinton
Term
Obama's plan for universal Healthcare in the US is an example of what
Definition
Domestic Policy
Term
Carries out foreign policy
Definition
Department of State
Term
Helps farmers raise crops, protects consumers from poor crops and food
Definition
Department of Agriculture
Term
Operates FEMA, TSA, Customs and Coastal Service protects borders
Definition
Department of Homeland Security
Term
Enforces federal laws
Definition
Department of justice
Term
Maintains public parks and other federa lands
Definition
Department of the Interior
Term
Sets minimum wage and better working conditions
Definition
Department of Labor
Term
Air Force, Marine Core, Army,&Navy
Definition
Department of Defense
Term
Builds places for people to live. City Planning
Definition
Department of Housing and Urban
Term
Two - House, as in a legislature witj two houses
Definition
Bicameral Legislature
Term
A proposed law
Definition
Bill
Term
A plan for raising and spending money
Definition
Budget
Term
The area that a member of the House Represents
Definition
Congressional District
Term
The people a member of congress represegnts
Definition
Constitugnts
Term
The use of long speaches to preuent the vote on a Bill by the senate
Definition
Filibuster
Term
Agroup of people chosen to make laws
Definition
Legislature
Term
The presiding officer of the House of Representativer
Definition
Speaker of House
Term
Establisheo by arcticle 1 of the constitution. The constitunon gramts congress it's powers
Definition
Congress
Term
Congress is compriseo of 2 houses
Definition
house of representatiues - 455 members Senate-100 members
Term
The process of creating a congressional district to favor one political party.
Definition
Gerrymandering
Term
who is our representative
Definition
Mike Kelly
Term
who is our senator
Definition
robert Casey, Jr.&Patrick Toomey
Term
Which one is qualifled to become president
Definition
I was dorn in New Mexico 50 yrs ago and have lived there my entire life
Term
How is the President a legislative leader
Definition
Appoinys Supreme Conrt justices
Term
A farner believes that radiation form a nuclesr power plant has hurt his crops, which department should be involed
Definition
Department of Energy and Agriculture
Term
All of the following are Executive Departments except
Definition
Department of Congress
Term
The president has the power to declare war
Definition
False
Term
Who is the current Vice President
Definition
Joe Biden
Term
Who is the leader of the military, also known as the Commander in Chief
Definition
president
Term
What is the purpose of the Executive Branch
Definition
Execute and enforce lawss
Term
What executive department was created by George W.Bush after the September 11th attacks
Definition
Department of Homland Security
Term
The president is required to give a speech to congress in an annual
Definition
State of the union Address
Term
Who is the current Secret of state
Definition
Hillary Clinton
Term
Obama's plan for universal Healthcare in the US is an example of what
Definition
Domestic Policy
Term
Carries out foreign policy
Definition
Department of State
Term
Helps farmers raise crops, protects consumers from poor crops and food
Definition
Department of Agriculture
Term
Operates FEMA, TSA, Customs and Coastal Service protects borders
Definition
Department of Homeland Security
Term
Enforces federal laws
Definition
Department of justice
Term
Maintains public parks and other federa lands
Definition
Department of the Interior
Term
Sets minimum wage and better working conditions
Definition
Department of Labor
Term
Air Force, Marine Core, Army,&Navy
Definition
Department of Defense
Term
Builds places for people to live. City Planning
Definition
Department of Housing and Urban
Term
Two - House, as in a legislature witj two houses
Definition
Bicameral Legislature
Term
A proposed law
Definition
Bill
Term
A plan for raising and spending money
Definition
Budget
Term
The area that a member of the House Represents
Definition
Congressional District
Term
The people a member of congress represegnts
Definition
Constitugnts
Term
The use of long speaches to preuent the vote on a Bill by the senate
Definition
Filibuster
Term
Agroup of people chosen to make laws
Definition
Legislature
Term
The presiding officer of the House of Representativer
Definition
Speaker of House
Term
Establisheo by arcticle 1 of the constitution. The constitunon gramts congress it's powers
Definition
Congress
Term
Congress is compriseo of 2 houses
Definition
house of representatiues - 455 members Senate-100 members
Term
The process of creating a congressional district to favor one political party.
Definition
Gerrymandering
Term
who is our representative
Definition
Mike Kelly
Term
who is our senator
Definition
robert Casey, Jr.&Patrick Toomey
Term
What are the three types of courts
Definition
Supreme court, Appeals court, District court.
Term
What type of jurisdiction does the District court have?
Definition
authority to hear case first.
Term
What type of jurisdiction does the appellate court have?
Definition
Authority to hear an appeal of a decision by another court.
Term
What type of jurisdiction does the Supreme court have?
Definition
authority to review cases then rule if they are constitutional or unconstitutional
Term
What is the highest court
Definition
supreme court
Term
What are some land mark cases
Definition
U.S. v Nixon, Schenk v U.S., Roe v Wade, Brown v Board of Education,Mapp v Ohio.
Term
What is majority opinion
Definition
Opinion of the majority
Term
What is a dissenting Opinion
Definition
opinion of the minority
Term
What is the role of the circuit court?
Definition
to hear appeals of a decision by another court
Term
What are the qualification to become president of the USA?
Definition
Born a US citizen and must be 32 years of age.
Term
What is a foreign policy
Definition
A policy that envolves other countries
Term
What is a domestic policy
Definition
One that envolves a policy inside the United States.
Term
What is the Cabinet
Definition
Persons appointed by the president to lead executive departments and be official advisors
Term
What are executive department
Definition
Department of Justice, Department of Home Security, Department of defense
Term
What is the purpose of the excutive Department
Definition
To enforce the laws
Term
What is the state of the Union address
Definition
The president is required to give a speech to congress and the country once a year.
Term
How long is the supreme courts term of office
Definition
for life
Term
How long is the house of representative term
Definition
2 years
Term
How long is a senators term
Definition
6 years
Term
How long is the presidents term
Definition
4 years
Term
What does Bicameral mean?
Definition
two house within a legistature with two houses
Term
Congress is made up of two houses what are they?
Definition
House of Representitives and the Senate
Term
How many members are in the house of representives?
Definition
435
Term
How many representives are in the senate
Definition
100
Term
What are the powers of congress?
Definition
Regulate trade with foreign countries
coins & money
Declare war
create and maintain armed forces
Term
How is the number and members decide in the house of representives
Definition
apportionment by population of each state
Term
How is the number of members of the senate decided
Definition
Each state votes two members
Term
How is the number of members of the senate decided
Definition
Each state votes two members
Term
What is the purpose of a committee?
Definition
Discuss, debate, and write the bill or it could die.
Term
What is the purpose of a conference committee?
Definition
Resolve differences between the house and senate.
Term
What is a congressional district
Definition
Area of a state that a representative represents
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