Term
| drug administration methods |
|
Definition
-oral
-rectal
-percutaneous
-intravenous
-intramuscular
-intrathecal (CSF)
-inhalation |
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Term
|
Definition
-biopharmaceutics
-process by which a drug diffuses away from dosage and into circulation
-dependent on chemical properties of drug, dosage form, and biological fluids |
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Term
|
Definition
| -(bioequivalence)how much of an administered dose reaches systemic circulation |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-60% of body weight
-intracellular fluids
-extracellular fluids
-transcellular fluids |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-36% total body weight
-variable pH |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-blood plasma in capillaries,arteries, veins
-pH 7.4
-interstitial fluid between cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| -CSF, synovial, ocular, digestive |
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|
Term
| factors affecting bioavailability |
|
Definition
-properties of dosage form (disintegration/dissolution)
-blood flow rate
-capillary permeability |
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Term
|
Definition
-transcapillary transport
-continuous or discontinuous
-large P can pass more easily |
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|
Term
| drug distribution and transport |
|
Definition
-PK
-process by which drug is transported from systemic circulation into microvasculature and back out again |
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|
Term
| transport is dependent on |
|
Definition
-capillary permeability
-drug solubility
-molecular size/shape
-environment |
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|
Term
| most drugs are transported by |
|
Definition
-passive transcellular diffusion
-facilitated (carrier mediated) diffusion
-active transport
-efflux proteins |
|
|
Term
| passive transcellular diffusion |
|
Definition
-requires concentration gradient
-can also occur through hydrophillic channels in the cell membrane |
|
|
Term
| passive diffusion rate of transport depends on |
|
Definition
-magnitude of concentration gradient
-SA of membrane
-diffusion coefficient
-partition coefficient |
|
|
Term
| facilitated diffusion (carrier mediated) |
|
Definition
-protein carriers transport cell building blocks
-ex. GLUT1
-still requires concentration gradient
-can be inhibited |
|
|
Term
| facilitated diffusion dependent on |
|
Definition
-magnitude of concentration gradient
-number of transport proteins
-affinity between drug and protein |
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Term
|
Definition
-requires a transport protein
-against concentration gradient using ATP
-can transport more than 1 substance
-responsible for transport of certain drugs into urine |
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Term
|
Definition
-energy driven process designed to pump substances out of cells
-MDRs responsible for resistance |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
-drugs may mimic these
-ex. neurotransmitters or hormones |
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Term
|
Definition
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