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formed Holy League against Turks |
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was an inquisitor of faith. |
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Supported many countries, especially the oppressed Germans by their heretical princes |
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Re-asserted that science and religion co-exist |
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opened Secret Vatican Archives to researchers |
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favored the French Republic |
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developed encyclical Rerum Novarum |
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Longest living pope, died at age 93 |
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Longest running pope, 31 years |
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Established the 1st Vatican Council (infability of pope, promulgation of Assumption of Mary, promulgated immaculate conception of the Blessed Virgin) |
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Had to face World War II and was criticized for not taking any actions |
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After World War II, he contributed to rebuilding Europe with peace and reconciliation |
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He reformed the Canon laws |
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Lateran Treaty created state of Vatican City, making it an independent sovereignty |
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established Vatican Radio |
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modernized Vatican Library |
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Couldn't stop Terrible Triangle |
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