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Popenoe-- Chapter 4
terms and concepts
22
Sociology
Not Applicable
02/10/2005

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Term
social structure
Definition
refers to the ways in which the components of a group or society relate to each other.
Term
status
Definition
socially defined position in a group or society... ex: female, black, etc.
Term
acheived status
Definition
status that is obtained over the course of one's life as a result of individual effort. ex: occupational positions
Term
ascribed status
Definition
social position to which an individual is assigned and that usually connot be changed ex: race, age
Term
master status
Definition
a crucial status that determines a person's general social position
Term
role
Definition
the behavior expected of someone with a given status is a group or society.
Term
role set
Definition
whole set of roles associated with a single status
Term
role expectation
Definition
society's definition of the way a role ought to be played
Term
role performance
Definition
way a person actually plays a role
Term
role conflict
Definition
when opposing demands are made on an individual by two or more roles linked with two or more entirely seperate social statusus
Term
role strain
Definition
opposing demands built into a single role, and personal stress caused by that situation
Term
group
Definition
two or more people who have a common identity and some feelings of unity, who interact, and who share certian goals and expectations.
Term
social system
Definition
share certian basic structural properties with all kinds of systems
Term
social category
Definition
members of social categories do not mecessarily interact, know one another , share s social structure, or have anything in common other than the trait they share. ex: liberals/conservatives
Term
aggregate
Definition
a numer of people who find themselves face to face in a perticular setting but dont interact and lack more than a minimal social structure. ex: people riding in a bus
Term
social institution
Definition
its a relatively stable cluster of social structures that is intended to meet the basic needs of societies
Term
community
Definition
cluster of people is focused on individual homes and places of work, based on daily patterns of interaction
Term
society
Definition
comprehensive, territorially based social grouping that includes all the social instititions requiredto meet basic human needs
Term
world system
Definition
system of economic, political, and cultured relationships that links all the societies of the world
Term
dysfunctional
Definition
a unit of structure is dysfunctional when it prevents society or one of its pars, from meeting its needs
Term
manifest functions
Definition
recognized units of social structure
Term
latent functions
Definition
unrecognized, unintended units of social structure
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