Term
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Definition
Creates the executive branch of the government, comprising the President and other executives.
Section 1
Clause 1: Executive Power – vests power to execute the law.
Clause 2: Method of choosing electors – President and Vice President are chosen by Electors, under a constitutional grant of authority delegated to the legislatures of the several states and the District of Columbia.
Clause 3: Electors – Each state chooses its electors in popular election.
Clause 4: Election Day—Congress sets a national Election Day. Electors are chosen on the Tuesday following the first Monday in November, in the year before the President’s term expire. Electors cast their votes on the Monday following the second Wednesday in December.
Clause 5: Qualification for Office—Natural born citizen, at least 35 years of age, inhabitants for at least 14 years.
Clause 6: Vacancy and Disability
Clause 7: Salary—Currently $400,000. Must remain constant through the President’s term. May not receive any other compensation.
Clause 8: Oath or Affirmation—Before entering the office President takes an oath.
Section 2
Clause 1: Command of military; Opinion of cabinet secretaries; Pardons
Clause 2: Advise and Consent Clause—Treaties, Appointments
Clause 3: Recess Appointment
Section 3
Clause 1: State of the union
Clause 2: Calling Congress into extraordinary session; adjourning Congress
Clause 3: Receiving foreign representatives
Clause 4: Caring for the faithful execution of the law
Clause 5: Officer’s Commission
Section 4: Impeachment
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Term
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Definition
| The provision in Article II, Section 3, of the Constitution instructing the president to “take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed” |
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Term
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Definition
| A presidential directive to an executive agency establishing new policies or indicating how an existing policy is to be carried out. |
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Term
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Definition
| An agreement between the president and one or more other countries. An executive agreement is similar to a treaty, but unlike a treaty, it does not require the approval of the Senate. |
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Term
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Definition
| A presidential message to Congress under the constitutional directive that he shall ‘from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient.” |
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Term
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Definition
| The formal power of the president to reject bills passed by both houses of Congress. A veto can be overridden by a two-third vote in each house. |
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Term
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Definition
| A procedure, available in 1997 for the first time, permitting a president to cancel amounts of new discretionary appropriations (budget authority), as well as new items of directing spending (entitlements) and certain limited tax benefits, unless Congress disapproves by law within a specified period of time. It was declared unconstitutional in 1998. |
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Definition
| The formal group of presidential advisers who head the major departments and agencies of the federal government. Cabinet members are chosen by the president and approved by the Senate. |
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Term
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Definition
| The act of one person or body authorizing another person or body to perform an action on its behalf. For example, Congress often delegates authority of the president or administrative agencies to decide the details of policy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Executive order prohibiting federal employees from communicating directly with Congress |
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Term
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Definition
| A presidential directive requiring that all executive agency proposals, reports, and recommendations to Congress—mostly in the form of annual reports and testimony at authorization and appropriations hearings—be certified by the Office of Management and Budget as consistent with the president’s policy. |
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Term
| Office of Management and Budget |
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Definition
| Previously known as the Bureau of the Budget, OMB is the most important agency in the Executive Office of the President. The budget bureau, created in 1921 to act as a central cleaning house for all budget requests, was renamed and given increased responsibilities in 1970. OMB advises the president on fiscal and economic policies, creates the annual federal budget, and monitors agency performance, among other duties. |
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Term
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Definition
| A government publication listing all proposed federal regulations |
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Term
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Definition
| A bill that has been passed by both the Senate and the House and has been sent to the president for approval. |
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Term
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Definition
| A bill that has been passed by both the Senate and the House and has been sent to the president for approval. |
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Term
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Definition
| Also known as President’s Committee on Administrative Management. Committee that in 1937 recommended sweeping changes to the executive branch of the U.S. government |
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Term
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Definition
| Agency in the Executive Office of the President that serves as the president’s personal staff system. Although the entire EOP does the president’s business, the White House staff consists of the president’s personal advisers, who oversee the political and policy interests of the administration. |
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Term
What are the powers given to the president under the Constitution?
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Definition
See Article II – Execution of law, Commander in Chief, Chief Executive, Chief Diplomat, Head of State, Administrator, and Legislator.
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Term
What were some of the concerns of the Framers when they were crafting the executive?
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Definition
| Framers were afraid it was going to be come like the rulings of ‘Napoleon.’ They were afraid that the presidents would use the temporary advantages conferred by a national crisis to permanently alter the constitutional order. |
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Term
| What is the president’s role in legislation? |
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Definition
| President calls Congress into special session, veto laws, and Give State of Union. |
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Term
| Why do we call the president the Chief Diplomat? |
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Definition
| We give the president this specific title when he is dealing with foreign affairs. The most important limitation on the president’s leadership is in foreign affairs. President requires a 2/3’s majority of the Senate to ratify treaties. But presidents have gotten around this by using Executive Agreements |
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Term
What is his role as Commander in Chief?
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Definition
| This title gives the president the full control of the military when called into the actual service of the U.S. Founders did not want to give one individual control over military. Settled on checking the president’s power through giving the Congress to declare war and by extension make peace. But this does not limit the President’s power as Commander in Chief. The authority of commander in chief is very broad. Ex. Lincoln and suspension of writ of habeas corpus, Korean and Vietnam Wars. |
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Term
| What was the Era of Cabinet Government? |
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Definition
| Era of Cabinet Government refers to nineteenth-century when a President referred to his Cabinets for any advices (such as signing or vetoing a bill), questions about a policy, clarification, and more. Many of the times, President’s Cabinets were made up of very capable individuals, but this necessarily did not mean that they were good for the President. But many of the power of the cabinets are lost in the modern cabinet. |
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Term
| What was the president’s relationship with his political party during the 19th century? |
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Definition
| For nineteenth-century politicians the political party that controlled the presidency was their paramount concern. Which ever party won the presidency won control of federal patronage. They would gain the control of all the other state and local office on the ticket. As a result, the political party that carried the presidency almost always took control of Congress as well. |
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Term
| What changes led to the modern presidency? |
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Definition
Presidents assumed administrative responsibilities unimagined a decade earlier. With additional responsibilities, these chief executives generally gained broad discretion in deciding how specifically to implement and administer policies to achieve mandated objectives. Also the organization received a major make-over by designers who believed that office’s antiquated staffing arrangements prevented presidents from assuming their rightful place as the CEO of the national government.
P.P Notes à Today, Congress gives the president’s legislative proposals serious consideration. Lawmakers expect the president to advise them about problems with current policy and administration and to recommend adjustments to improve performance.
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Term
Why is the budget the president’s most important “clerical” task?
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Definition
| Formulation and presentation of the annual budget to Congress is president’s most important clerical tasks. Offers presidents an opportunity to set the spending priorities of the federal government. The president’s annual budget takes months of work because he has to assembling and negotiating requests from agency and brings them into conformity with White House policy goals. Sometimes sail through; sometimes replaced with congressional budget. It provides Congress with valuable information. Represents the president’s opening bid on how much will be spent for what and where the money will come from. |
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Term
| What is the institutional presidency? |
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Definition
| An organization the presidency began to help him. Institutional presidency is Executive Office of the President (EOP), White House Staff, and Cabinet. |
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Term
| Why did the president’s staff resources increase in size? |
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Definition
| President (FDR) thought that his enlarged staff would help him transact daily business with the cabinet departments. Also Louis Brownlow tried to convince that president needed more help. Also, size of the presidency grew, and they were no longer puppet presidents. |
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Term
| What is the difference between an insider and outside president? |
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Definition
| nsiders are from within the Beltway (i.e. Washington, D.C.). John Kerry was an insider. Jimmy Carter was an outsider. Outsiders are not closely aligned with the party apparatus nor have they spent a great deal of time in D.C. It has nothing to do with policy, but rather how connected, how entrenched they are to the wheeling and dealings of the Washington politics. |
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Term
What does going public mean?
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Definition
Going public means that the Presidents and the members of Congress share constituencies. If the president can win the public’s backing, opponents in Congress may shrink from a fight because they do not want to offend voters.
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Term
| United Government v. Divided Government |
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Definition
United Gov-- when parties of presidency and the majority caucus of the Congress are same.
Divided Gov-- when parties of presidency and the majority caucus of the Congress are different. |
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