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- collective action of ethnic group/nation in pursuit of increased territorial autonomy or sovereignty
- can help unify country
- too much can lead to imperialism/war |
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- process of providing basic needs of the people and making available the means by which they can lead fulfilling/productive lives
- based on creation of diversified, sophisticated and sustainable economy
- measured in Gross Domestic Product per Capita |
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- system of govn't
-Can have one strong, central government supplemented by insignificant local authorities or the central government could be weakened by dividing the power and authority with the regional governments. (Eg. Federal vs provincial governments in Canada) |
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- public official's decisions influenced by personal interests
- conflicts may/may not be legal
- overall creates doubts/suspicions that the decision/actions taken are not impartial |
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- employment, contracts and other material benefits awarded to individuals based on partisan support rather than merit
- distributed carefully in order to avoid charges under CC of Canada
- could be illegal practices eg. buying votes or paying for voters with alcohol and bribes |
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- abuse of power
- practise of spending governments money on ridings/regions for political purposes to bring about change for betterment
- raises question about ethical conduct but breaks no laws
- M.P.s extends favours to regions as a way of obtaining support |
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- party seeks to take advantage of its position in govn't to redraw electoral boundaries in hopes of wining more seats
- - Electoral boundaries readjustment act brought the readjustment of constituency boundaries under the control |
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| Economic statistic that measures overall per-capita economic activity in a country is called ____ ________ _______ |
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| Gross Domestic Product (GDP) |
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| the _______ ____________ is Canada's head of state |
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| _____ ______ ____ Measures development of nations |
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Human Development Index
- under developed
- developing
- developed |
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| ________ provides a critical appraisal of public spending, mainly by the public accounts committee |
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| A serious of opposition speeches which go on and on in an attempt to frustrate the passage of legislation |
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| A piece of legislation which is proposed by an individual member of Parliament, as contradistinguished from one proposed by the government |
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| The bill which outlines the government’s economic plans including taxation and expenditures is called the____ |
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| In Canada, the main public service organization supporting the Cabinet and the Prime Minister the ______ ___ |
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| After a bill receives approval in principle, it is sent to a |
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| Committee Level for Line-by-Line analysis |
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| Which one of the following countries is sometimes described as having an unwritten constitution? |
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| Canada's governor general is selected by? |
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| Which of these countries represents a case of reversed development? |
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| With regard to the federal-provincial division of powers, the BNA act (Constitution act of 1867) provides residual clause in section 91 which allows: |
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| Federal government to interfere (legislate) in any mater not specifically assigned to the provinces? |
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| According to the BNA act, only the federal govn't is the only one who can do it? |
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| According to the text, after 1995 referendum... |
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| Who's the top civil servant in Canada? |
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| 8. A significant duty of the Governor General is the appointment of a Prime Minister. The Governor General will normally appoint the leader of the party commanding a clear majority of the seats in the House of Commons. If, however, no leader has the support of a majority in the House, the Governor General might be forced to.... |
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| use discretion and select a Prime Minister |
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| In Canada, as in all British parliamentary systems, : |
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Executive and legislative powers are combined, as Cabinet ministers are at the same time members of both the legislature and the executive
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| a. In a minority government the prime minister may have to reach accommodation with other parties in order to survive |
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| as demonstrated in the May 2005 deal in which Jack Layton and the NDP agreed to support the Martin government in exchange for an additional $ 4.6 billion in spending |
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| 10. Amid cynicism about politicians, arguments that governments should 'do less', and the public backlash against bureaucracy and public servants, it is: |
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| nevertheless true that Canadians are better served by their public service than they realize |
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| the broad framework within which decisions are taken and action (or inaction) is pursued by governments |
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| Since the enactment of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms in 1982: |
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| there has been an increase in court challenges to bureaucratic decisions |
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| Ministers, unlike public servants |
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| are expected to direct their attention to policy matters rather than to the details of departmental administration but they are still responsible to Parliament for the latter |
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| The Rule of Law means that: |
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| no government or administrative official has any power beyond that afforded by law and no individual or institution is above the law or exempt from it; all are equal before the law |
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| In Canada's electoral system, the electoral weight of sparsely populated provinces is: |
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| 'protected' in the sense that an individual's vote in a small province like Prince Edward Island has considerably more weight than an individual's vote in a large province like Ontario |
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| According to Jackson and Jackson, an important problem in the Chrétien ethics regime was |
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| lack of accountability and openness regarding the ethics commissioner who reported directly and privately to the PM |
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| Even a cursory reading of the 1867 BNA Act (Constitution Act) shows that |
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| the national (federal) government was meant to be the dominant government |
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| In 1998 the Supreme Court answered questions posted by the federal government regarding the right of a province to issue a unilateral declaration of independence. As the text notes, the Court's response: |
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| was woolly and controversial, clearly aimed at a political compromise |
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| Despite fringe-group separatism and provincial posturing a federal state such as Canada should expect that a persistent and important feature of politics will be: |
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| regional disparities and the manner with which they are dealt |
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| parliamentary press gallery: |
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| helps to set the political agenda for the country by deciding what to print or broadcast, who to discuss or photograph |
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| The Access to Information Act of 1983 has been criticized because: |
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| it contains many exceptions that prohibit access and gives too much discretion to bureaucrats |
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| In theory, public servants are supposed to be |
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| non-partisan, neutral and shielded from the glare of public opinion |
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| are constantly interpreting and reinterpreting the law and shaping its direction; they not only apply the law but in a real sense make new law with their judgments |
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| Since the adoption of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms in 1982, the Supreme Court of Canada has become the final arbiter: |
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| not only of the division of powers between governments but also of the line between the powers of both levels of government and the rights and freedoms of citizens |
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| In the 1988 'Morgentaler' decision on the abortion question (and the federal abortion law), the Supreme Court of Canada |
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| declared that the federal abortion law did not conform to the Canadian Charter of Rights and therefore struck it down |
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| The number of MPs for all of Canada, as well as the number 'allotted' to each province |
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| may change from one election to another, generally based on population changes as determined by the census |
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| In the time between dissolution of Parliament (or, more precisely, the 'old' House of Commons) and the election of the 'new' House of Commons, the following person(s)/institution(s) function(s) as the country's government: |
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| the existing (outgoing) Cabinet, under its authority as part of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada |
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| Jackson and Jackson pinpoint the following disadvantage/s of the 'single-member plurality' electoral system |
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| the system does not distribute seats in the Commons on the basis of the popular vote but does tend to favour the development of a one-party dominant system |
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| An important feature of the powers of the new commissioner of interest and ethics is that: |
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| the Prime Minister cannot overrule the commissioner on all aspects of government ethics |
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| On election day, the balloting is overseen at each polling station by: |
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| the deputy returning officer and his/her clerk, with two scrutinizers allowed for each candidate |
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| “Describe events of the October Crisis 1970 and analyze them within utilizing what you have learned in this course” |
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o 1970’s Crisis Only time the Canadian War Measures Act put to use in Canada
- James Cross and Pierre Laporte both kidnapped by FLQ
- Highlighted Quebec’s movement towards independence Gained support from Quebec party which went on to be formed in 1976
- Bloq Quebequois created after defeat of Meech Lake accord
- Loss of support by violent separatism movements but gain of political drive for independence |
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| “Was the British North America Act of 1867 a centralist or decentralist document? Analyze. How did the interpretation of the Act change over time?” |
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o BNA act Centralized or Decentralized?
- Centralized
- Provincial gov’t has little to no power outside of its own boarders
- Federal can ultimately over rule what provincial government does, creating a form of centralization
- What the Federal government says goes
- Section 91 Federal gov’t has responsibility of maintaining peace, order and good gov’t
- Education is the only main aspect provincial has over Federal |
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| “Whenever a serious mistake is made in her or his department, a Minister ought to resign. Agree or disagree and then discuss with cogent arguments to support your position.” |
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o Ministers ought to resign if a serious mistake is made
- Ultimately their responsibility, even if they claim ignorance to the situation
- Entering the job as a minister, you should not be ignorant to any situations, and if you come across one, do the deed of good government and handle is with delicacy and respect
- Can’t claim ignorance for everything in citizen work life, so why in gov’t? |
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| “Outline two to four strategies available to governments wishing to cut a deficit. What are the disadvantages and disadvantages of each strategy?” |
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o How to cut government deficit
- Decrease government spending
- Increase taxes
- Changes in tax code Increase over all tax revenue
- Reduce debt service liability Each years, gov’ts are forced to pay for its public debt, every so often they have a chance to refinance the situation. This would be extremely beneficial because it does not require a reduction in government spending |
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