Term
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Definition
• Parties are created
• Two party system emerges
• Parties are organized
• Era of reform (Progressives had a lot to do with reforming political parties and weakening them)
o Direct election in the senate
o Presidential Primaries
o Civil service
o (Political parties are weak because of the progressives) |
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Term
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Definition
| wanted to give the power back to the people and take it away form parties |
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Term
| How parties are created: Internal Mobilization vs External |
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Definition
Internal: more spontaneous, like a protest movement
External: more where lawyers get to gether and have a strategy |
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Term
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Definition
• Dems were never really united. They were separated by the civil war. Southern dems are conservative.
• Democrats favor increased social spending and decreased military sending
• Dems: labor > business
Reps favor increased mil spending, business over labor, tax cuts, pro death penalty, pro prayer in schools, not favor abortion, not favor gay rights |
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Term
| Functions of Political parties |
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Definition
• Nomination
o Caucus: local politicians get together and decide who the candidate is going to be. This was considered very un democratic.
o Nominating convention: 19th century voters would go to a convention and select delegates to pick nominees
o Progressives did primary elections where voters pick nominees
• Closed primaries: you have to be registered with the party to vote
• Open: you don’t have to be registered with the party but you have to register with the party the day you vote
• Help organize congress
• Make voters more aware of the issues
o Ex: reps associated with the war in Iraq
• Dems associated with ending the war |
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Term
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Definition
An organization that seeks to influence public policy
• Organizational Qualities of Interest groups
o All groups must be able to recruit and retain members
• Benefits
o All groups must have a financial structure
o Must have leadership |
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Term
| Strategies that interest groups use to gain access |
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Definition
• Going public
o Advertise
o Influence people
• Lobbying
o People who are aid for the purpose of tempting legislation in congress
• Establish access to key decision makers in congress
o People who work for interest groups go to congress and learn who are the key players that deal with their specific interests
• Using the courts
o 1) Bringing a lawsuit directly on behalf of the group
o 2) Finance a lawsuit brought on by individuals
o 3) Write up arguments in briefs and submit them into other people’s lawsuits. Filing amicus curiae brief. “friend of the court brief”
o NAACP used courts in Brown v Board of Ed |
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Term
| Strategies that interest groups use to gain access |
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Definition
• Going public
o Advertise
o Influence people
• Lobbying
o People who are aid for the purpose of tempting legislation in congress
• Establish access to key decision makers in congress
o People who work for interest groups go to congress and learn who are the key players that deal with their specific interests
• Using the courts
o 1) Bringing a lawsuit directly on behalf of the group
o 2) Finance a lawsuit brought on by individuals
o 3) Write up arguments in briefs and submit them into other people’s lawsuits. Filing amicus curiae brief. “friend of the court brief”
o NAACP used courts in Brown v Board of Ed |
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Term
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Definition
The larger expanded role of govt causes the formation of groups
Solidary: friends with those in the group
Material Benefits: discounts by AARP
Issues: agree for the ethical purposes of the group |
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Term
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Definition
| Public Interest Groups: groups that if their goal were met, it would benefit people who are not in the group. Ex: clean air, clean water, etc |
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Term
| Social Movements are bigger than interest groups |
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Definition
• Labor movement
• Womens movement
Interest groups cater to the upper middle class |
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Term
| The Media has little diversity |
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Definition
| • We see the same stories in the main ones |
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Term
| Factors that influence media coverage |
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Definition
• Fairness doctrine
• FCC rules that regulate the media
o Broadcasters who aired programs on controversial subjects have to give equal time on opposing views
• Abortion, guns, etc
• Journalists and their biases
• Topics of the news
o Terrorism, financial news
• Who is the news audience? The news audeience wants to attract affluent consumers
• The media loves protest and violence
• Power of the media is that they decide what is newsworthy and they interpret events |
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Term
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Definition
o 1) gatekeeper: decides what is news
o 2) scorekeeper: media decides who is the best candidate
o 3) watchdog: media likes opening up scandals |
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