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| A figure of speech characterized by strongly contrasting words, clauses, sentences, or ideas. |
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| A form of verse, often a narrative and set to the rhythm of music. |
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| A four-line stanza rhymed ABCB with four feet in lines one and three and three feet in lines two and four. |
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| Unrhymed verse, esp. the unrhymed iambic pentameter most frequently used in English dramatic, epic, and reflective verse. |
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| The use of words that combine sharp, harsh, hissing, non-melodic, words. |
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| A major division of an extended narrative poem, such as an epic, as distinguished from shorter divisions like stanzas. |
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| in meter, an audible pause that breaks up the line of a verse. indicated by punctuation marks that cause a pause in speech (a comma, semicolon, etc.) |
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| A poem which is intended primarily to teach a lesson. |
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| A line with a pause at the end. Lines that end with a period, a comma, a colon, a semicolon, an exclamation point, or a question mark are end-stopped lines. |
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| The running on of the thought from one line, couplet, or stanza to the next without a syntactical break |
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| A pleasant harmonious combination of sounds |
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| a rhyme of two syllables, one stressed and one unstressed, as “waken” and “forsaken” and “audition” and “rendition.” Feminine rhyme is sometimes called double rhyme. |
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| Verse that does not follow a fixed metrical pattern and has no set rhyme scheme |
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| A couplet of two lines of iambic pentameter with the same end rhymes and forming a logical whole. |
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| In Anglo-Saxon poetry, a metaphorical phrase or compound words used to name a person, place, thing, or event indirectly |
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| Poetry that focuses on expressing emotions or thoughts, rather than on telling a story. |
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| rhyme that falls on the stressed and concluding syllables of the rhyme-words. Examples include “keep” and “sleep,” “glow” and “no,” and “spell” and “impel.” |
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Using the name of one object or concept to refer to another to which it is related.
*Metonymy is similar to synecdoche, but uses something more generally or loosely associated with a concept to stand in for it. When Americans speak of the Oval Office, or when the British refer o the crown, they are referring to the powers, responsibilities, and authority associated with that place or item.
*The difference between synecdoche and metonymy is that in metonymy the word you employ is linked to the concept you are really talking about, but isn’t actually a part of it. |
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| The repetition of words, phrases, or sentences that have the same grammatical structure or that restate a similar idea. |
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Basic unit of verse meter. Any of various fixed combinations or groups of stressed and unstressed (or long and short) syllables comprises a foot. The prevailing kind and number of feet determines the meter of a poem. Common feet in English verse are:
Iambic = an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable
Trochee = a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable
Spondee = two stressed syllables
Pyrrhic = two unstressed syllables
It does not need to only by single words, it can span across an entire line. |
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| A play on words that are identical or similar in sound but have sharply diverse meanings. Puns can have serious as well as humorous uses |
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A phrase, line, or group of lines repeated throughout the poem, usually the last stanza
A line or group of lines that is repeated throughout a poem, usually after every stanza. |
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| A seven-line stanza of iambic pentameter rhymed ababbcc, used by Chaucer and other medieval poets |
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| A line of poetry that does not contain a pause or conclusion at the end, but rather continues on to the next line |
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| Describing the rhythms of poetry by dividing the lines into feet, marking the locations of stressed and unstressed syllables, and counting the syllables |
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Using a part is of an object to refer to the whole.
*Synecdoche is similar to metonymy, but uses an actual part of an object to represent the whole object. When you say "hired hand" it is clear you mean the entire worker.
*The difference between synecdoche and metonymy is that in metonymy the word you employ is linked to the concept you are really talking about, but isn’t actually a part of it. |
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| A three-line stanza rhymed aba, bcb, cdc |
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| A 19-line poem of fixed form consisting of five tercets and a final quatrain on two rhymes, with the first and third lines of the first tercet repeated alternately as a refrain closing the succeeding stanzas and joined as the final couplet of the quatrain. |
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