Term
|
Definition
| The attitude conveyed toward a subject conveyed in a literary work
Plays an important role in e stablishing the readers relationship to the characters or ideas presented |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What the literary poem is about (p. 6) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Whatever general ideas or insights that the whole work reveals (p. 6) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Strictly, one line of a poem
Sometimes loosely used to mean a whole stanza (p. 133) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When we put into our own words what we understand the poem to say (p. 4) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brief condensation of gist, main idea, point, or story (p. 4) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A short poem expressing the thoughts and feelings of a single speaker (p. 7) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A poem whose main purpose is to tell a story (p. 9) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Poem sung to the music of a lyre or a poem made for singing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Presents the voice of an imaginary character speaking directly without any additional narration by others (p. 12) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A poem written as a speech made by a character at some decisive moment (p. 12) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Four lines of poetry that come together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A song of religious nature |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A poem apparently written to state a message or teach a body of knowledge (p. 14) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Poetry that blends criticism with humor to convey a message
Uses lots of irony (p. 19) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Latin for mask
A ficticious character created by an author to be a speaker of a poem story or novel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A literary device in which a discrepancy of meaning is masked beneath the surface of the reading
Present when a writer says one thing but means another (p. 32) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Discrepancy between what is said and what is meant is contained in words (p. 32) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A conspicuously bitter form of irony in which the ironic statement is designed to hurt or mock the target (p. 32) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of dramatic irony in which the reader sees the downfall of a hero in a tragedy before the character is aware (p. 33) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occurs when the audience understands the significance of something, but the character does not (p. 33) |
|
|
Term
| Cosmic Irony / Irony of Fate |
|
Definition
| Situational irony that can be used either for tragic or comic purposes. It is discrepancy between what the character deserves and what he gets (p. 33) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Word choice or vocabulary |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Highly specific word or word choice that is physical - you can know it (p. 52) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| More general word or word choice - difficult to physically grasp (p. 52) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brief reference in a text to a person, place, or thing - fictitious or actual (p. 56) |
|
|
Term
| Neo-Classical Period / Augustine Age |
|
Definition
| Fancy period where decorum was of utmost importance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Elevated language intended for poetry rather than common use (p. 59) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Level of diction that is proper to use in a certain situation (relates to social class often) (p. 59) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Vulgate Colloquial English
General English
Formal English (p. 60) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A particular variety of language spoken by a specific regional group or social class (p. 61) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The literal meaning of a word, as defined in the dictionary (p. 75) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Overtones or suggestions of additional meaning that a word gains from all the contexts in which we have met it in the past (p.75) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A word or series of words that refers to any sensory experience (p. 87) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A word or sequence of words that refers to the sense of sight or presents something one may see (p. 87) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A word or sequence of words that refers to the sense of hearing (p. 87) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A word or sequence of words that refers to the sense of touch (p. 87) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A Japanese verse form that has three unrhymed lines of 5, 7, and 5 syllables Serious and spiritual in tone - often referring to nature or the seasons
Means "beginning verse" in Japanese (p. 94) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An expression or comparison that relies not on its literal meaning but rather in its connotations and suggestions (p.110) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Using 'like' or 'as' to compare things that someone wouldn't think are comparable (p. 112) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A statement that 'blank equals blank' Creates a close association between two things which wouldn't generally be compared (p. 113) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A metaphor that trips over another metaphor - usually unconsciously Ex. Mary was a tower of strength that breezed through her work (p. 113) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A metaphor that uses neither connectives nor the verb 'to be' Ex. John crowed over his victory (p. 113) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Giving a non-human thing human-like characteristics (p. 119) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A direct address to something non-living i.e. a telephone or a dead body (p. 120) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Overstatement or exaggeration (p. 120) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ironic figure of speech that deliberately describes something in a way that is less than the true case (p. 120) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Figure of speech in which the name of a thing is substituted for that of another word that is closely associated with it (p. 120) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Poet attributes some characteristics of a thing to another thing closely associated with it. Type of metonymy (p. 121) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Seizing the joys of the present moment
Latin for "seize the day" (p. 6) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The use of part of a thing to stand for the whole of it or vice versa
Ex. "She lent a hand" (p. 120) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occurs in a statement that at first strikes us as self-contradictory but that on reflection makes some sense (p. 121) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A group of lines whose pattern is repeated throughout the poem
Italian for "stopping-place" or "room" (p. 133) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The order in which rimed words recur (p. 133) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A word, phrase, or line repeated at intervals in a song or songlike poem (p. 133) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A refrain that follows immediately after a stanza (p. 133) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A refrain whose words change slightly with each recurrence (p. 133) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A refrain that appears within a stanza, generally in a position that stays fixed throughout a poem (p. 133) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Short secular songs for three or more voices arranged in counterpoint
Popular in Shakespeare's time
Short - usually just a stanza (p. 134) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Minstrels of the late Middle Ages (p. 135) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A narrative song (p. 137) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anonymous story-songs transmitted orally before they were ever written down (p. 137) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ballads compiled by Francis J. Child that originated in oral folk culture (p. 137) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Four lines rimed A, B, C, B, tending to fall into 8, 6, 8, and 6 syllables (p. 139) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Highly regular form of ballad meter with two sets of rhymes - ABAB.
Ex. "Amazing Grace" (p. 139) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ballads printed on one side of paper and often set to traditional tunes (140) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Verse full of irregularities due not to skill but to incompetence (140) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ballads not meant for singing
Written by sophisticated poets for book-educated readers who enjoy being reminded of folk ballads (140) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Originally a type of folk music developed by black slaves in the South
Three-line stanzas in which the first two identical lines are followed by a concluding riming third line (141) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Form of popular music in which words are recited to a driving rhythmic beat (143) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The sound of words working together with meaning that pleases the mind and ear (153) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A harsh, discordant effect achieved in the choice and placement of words (153) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An attempt to represent a thing or action by a word that imitates the sound associated with it (154) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A succession of similar sounds (157) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The repetition of a vowel sound (158) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A rime of one-syllable words or stressed final syllables (162) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a rime of two or more syllables, with stress on a syllable other than the last
Ex. TURtle and FERtile (162) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Spellings look alike but pronunciations differ
Ex. rough and dough; idea and flea (163) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Their poems often use rime and meter to resent unusual contemporary subjects, but they also sometimes write poems that recollect, converse, and argue with the poetry of the past |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The recurrence of stresses and pauses in a poem (173) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a greater amount of force given to one syllable in speaking than is given to another (173) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When stresses recur at fixed intervals (174) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A succession of alternate unstressed and stressed syllables |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A "cutting"
A light but definite pause within a line (176) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occurs when a line ends in a full pause - usually indicated by some mark of punctuation (177) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The study of metrical structures in poetry (180) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in accentual-syllabic meters, usually a unit of two or three syllables that contains one strong stress (181) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The art of scanning a line or poem by indicating its stresses (181) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a line made up primarily of unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable (iambs) (181) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a line made up primarily of two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable (anapests) (181) |
|
|
