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Traditionally: a song that tells a story
Oral verse form that was originally sung. They are compressed, dramatic and objective in their narrative style. Made up of quatrains (lines of 3 or 4 metrical feet in a rime scheme)
Ballad Stanza: most common pattern of ballads, consists of four lines of abcb with the metrial feet 4,3,4,3 |
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a literary, dramatic or musical work intended to cause laughter by caricaturing the manner or spirit of serious works, or by ludicrous treatment of their subjects.
The word derives from the Italian burlesco, which itself derives from the Italian burla – a joke, ridicule or mockery |
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| a pause within a line of verse. traditionally, ceasuras appear near the middle of a line, but their placement may be varied to create expressive rhythmic effects. a caesure will usually occur at a mark of punctuation, but there can be a caesura even if no punctuation is present |
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| an expression, idea, or element of an artistic work that has become overused to the point of losing ist orignial meaning, or effect. |
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| a poetic device using elaborate comparisons, such as equating a loved one with the graces and beautifes of the world. most notably comes from Petrarch in praise of his beloved Laura, conceit comes from the Italian concetto which means "concept" or "idea" |
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a literary device employing repetition so as to stress the theme of a work or a particular symbol. |
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a metaphor which has lost the original imagery of its meaning due to extensive, repetitive popular usage.
examples: head-over-heels, lose face, lend a hand, seeds of doubt, fishing for compliments, etc. |
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| verses full of irregularities often due to the poet's incometence. doggrel is crude verse that brims with cliche, obvious rhyme, and inept rhythm |
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| a lament of a sadly meditative poem, often written on the occasion of a death or other solemn theme. an elegy is is usually a sustained poem in a formal style |
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is the breaking of a syntactic unit (a phrase, clause or sentence) by the end of a line or between two verses
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| a long narrative poem usually composed in an elevated style tracing the adventures of a legendary and mthic hero. epics are usually written in a consistent form and meter throughout. (Iliad, Odyssey, Aeneid, Paradise Lost) |
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| a word or series of words that refers to any sensory experience (sight, sound, smell touch or taste). an image is a direct or literatl recreation of physical experience and adds immediacy to literary language |
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| collective set of images in a poerm or other literary work |
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| an appeal to a higher power or a muse by a poet to help in writing the poem. |
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| a short poem expressing the thoughts and feelings of a single speaker. often written int he first person, lyric poetry traditionally has a songlike immediacy and emotional force |
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| a statement that one thing is something else, which, in a literal sense, is not. by asserting that thing is something else, a metaphor cretes a close association between the two entities and usually underscores some important similiarity between them. like "Richard is a pig" |
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| associatated with the metaphysical poets of the 17th century. sets up an analogy between one entity's spiritual qualities and and object in the physical world and sometimes controls the whole structure of the poem. like comparing the love of souls to a compass |
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| people or deities that inspire poetry. |
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| Term used to describe poets whose subject matter predominantly concerns animals, birds, insects and vegetation. Notable English nature poets include John Clare, Gerard Manley Hopkins, D.H.Lawrence and Ted Hughes. |
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| Verse written to celebrate an occasion such as a coronation, a wedding or a birth. At national level, occasional verse would be one of the duties of the poet laureate. |
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| a lyrical stanza. A classic ode is structured in three major parts: the strophe, theantistrophe, and the epode.[citation needed] Different forms such as the homostrophic ode and the irregular ode also exist. It is an elaborately structured poem praising or glorifying an event or individual, describing nature intellectually as well as emotionally |
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| Old English Versification |
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| The written and spoken language of England from the first half of the 5th Century to the period just after the Norman Conquest; often referred to as Anglo-Saxon. The two pre-eminent texts from this period are Beowulf andThe Dream of the Rood. |
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| a literary device that attempts to represent a thing or action by the word that immitates the sound associated with it |
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| the tradition within a culture that transmits narratives by word of mouth from one generation to another. fables, folktales, ballads and songs are examples of some types of narratives found originally in an oral tradition |
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| poem about idyllic rural life - often featuring the life of shepherds. Early examples of the form include the idylls of Theocritus and theeclogues of Virgil. Milton's poem Lycidas is also an example of a pastoral poem. Pastorals tended to die out with the rise of romanticism. |
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| Term coined by Ruskin to describe a tendency of poets (particularly Wordsworth) and painters to attribute human feelings to nature. |
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Poetry (or other literature) which evokes pity or sadness in the reader e.g. Send No Money by Philip Larkin. Carried too far, pathos can become bathos.
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| latin for "mask". a fictitious character created by an author to be the speaker of a poem, story or novel. |
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Essays describing the art and theory of poetry e.g. Poetics by Aristotle.
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The work of a poet. The exalted, expressive, elevated use of words. Coleridge defined it as: 'the best words in the best order.' Poetry is, however, a highly subjective term. One man's poetry is another man's schmaltz! Compare withverse. See also Poets on Poetry.
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| two or more words that contain an identical or similar vowel sound, usually accented, with following consonant sounds identical as well. |
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