Term
| Hormone action is controlled by what? |
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Definition
| a negative feedback mechanism. |
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Term
| What does the hypothalamus do? |
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Definition
| It secretes hormones that travel by way of the blood to the anterior pituitary . |
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Term
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Definition
| Secreted by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas when glucose in the blod are low. It maintains adequate levels of glucose in the blood between meals. It moves glucose from the liver to the blood. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is thought to cause Type 1 diabetes? |
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Definition
| A virus makes the body attack the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. |
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Term
| Metformin's (glucophage) effects on the body/ |
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Definition
| It is hard on the kidneys. |
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Term
| Metformin and Contrast X-rays - why contraindicated? |
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Definition
| Metformin is very hard on the kidneys. Contrast dyes are also very hard on the kidneys. Together they can cause renal failure! Hold Metformin for 24 hours prior to the test and use a different medicine to control their sugar. |
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Term
| Max blood sugar level with Metformin? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the 4 types of insulin. |
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Definition
| R- Regular, Humalog & Novalog, NPH, Lantus |
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Term
| What is R-regular insulin? |
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Definition
Fast acting.
Can use an IV.
Clears body in 2-4 hours. |
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Term
| What is Humalog & Novalog? |
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Definition
VERY fast acting.
Clears in 1 hour. |
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Term
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Definition
Intermediate.
Peak in 8 hours. |
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Term
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Definition
Long acting.
24 hour control.
Bedtime.
Do not mix with other insulins.
Refridgerate at all times. |
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Term
| What are the s/s of hypoglycemia? |
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Definition
| tachycrdia, confusion, sweating, drowsiness, ALSO convusions and death if not treated. |
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Term
| Emergency tx for hypoglycemia |
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Definition
| give pt 1-2 servings of a simple carbohydrate; repeat in 15 minutes if not improved; glucogon can be given SQ if person is not alert enough to swallow. |
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Term
| How to monitor thyroid agents |
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Definition
| Take pulse (HR) daily. Call MD if HR > 100 bpm. |
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Term
| What is a mineralocorticoid action? |
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Definition
| It increases the renal absorption of sodium in exchange for potassium. (Holds onto sodium, holds onto water, increases BP) ex. Aldosterone |
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Term
| What is the action of antidiuretic hormones? |
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Definition
| Produced by the hypothalamus. Increases water absorption by the kidneys. Raises BP if secreted in large amounts. Holds onto water. Increases BP. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is Cushing's syndrome? |
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Definition
| Caused by long term effects of glucocorticoids. Hump back. Moon face. Mood changes. Increased risk for infections. |
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Term
| What are glucocorticoids? |
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Definition
| Causes release of ACTH from the pituatary gland. Ex. prednisone. They affect the metabolism of nearly every cell. |
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