Term
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Definition
| A statement of national health promotion and disease prevention objectives facilitated by the national government. |
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Term
| A period of rapid change in the lives of boys and girls during during which the reproductive systems mature and become capable of reproduction. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| When mature sperm are formed or when regular menstruation begins. |
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Term
| What is the first indicator of puberty in boys? |
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Definition
| Around the age of 10 when the size of the penis and testes increases and there is a general growth spurt. |
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Term
| What causes boys to grow taller, become more muscular, and develop secondary sex characteristics? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the first indicator of puberty in girls? |
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Definition
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Term
| How long after breast buds form does menstruation start? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are secondary sex characteristics of boys? |
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Definition
| pubic hair, facial hair, and deep voice |
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Term
| What are the secondary sex characteristics of girls? |
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Definition
| hips broaden, pubic and axillary hair appear |
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Term
| How long after puberty begins in boys does it end? |
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Definition
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Term
| Do nocternal emissions contain sperm? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A sex gland- ovaries in females, testes in males |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is needed for normal spermatogenesis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do accessary glands do? |
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Definition
| They produce secretions to nurish sperm, protect the sperm from acidic environment of the woman's vagina, and enhance the movement of the sperm. |
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Term
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Definition
| The plasma and sperm together. |
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Term
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Definition
| the female external genitalia |
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Term
| A pad of fatty tissue covered by course skin and hair and what does it do? |
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Definition
| mons pubis. It protects the symphysis pubis. |
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Term
| Two folds of of fatty tissue on each side of the vaginal vestibule? |
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Definition
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Term
| Two thin walls of erectile tissue that are seen when the labia majora are seperated? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is special about the labia minora? |
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Definition
| These glands are bactericidal to reduce infection and also to lubricate and protect the skin of the vulva. |
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Term
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Definition
| A fold of tissue just below the vagina. Lacerations in this area often occur during childbirth. |
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Term
| Functionally the most erotic, sensitive part of the female genitalia? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the clitoris produce? |
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Definition
| Smegma which is a cheeselike secretion of the sebaceous glands in the area. |
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Term
| The area seen when he labia minora are seperated? |
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Definition
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Term
| What produces lubrication for the vaginal introitus during sexual arousal and are not normally visible? |
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Definition
| The ducts of the Bartholin glands |
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Term
| A strong, muscular area between the vaginal opening and the anus? |
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Definition
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Term
| A tubular structure made of muscle and membranous tissue that connects the external genitalia to the uterus? |
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Definition
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Term
| A hollow muscular organ in which a fertilized ovum is implanted? |
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Definition
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Term
| Narrow and tubular and opens to the upper vagina? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the functions of the cervix' mucosal lining? |
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Definition
| lubricates the vagina, acts as a bacterialstatic agent, provides alkaline environment to shelter sperm, produces a mucous plug (to protect against infection). |
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Term
| Where is the site of fertilazation? |
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Definition
| Outer third of fallopian tube, near the overies. |
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Term
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Definition
| two almond-shaped glands which produce FSH, estrogen, and progesterone |
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Term
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Definition
| Means "stand by". Care of a woman during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum period. |
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Term
| What is Family Centered Care? |
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Definition
| Family is the core of planning and implementing healthcare; empowerment. |
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Term
| Who was Ignaz Semmelweiss? |
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Definition
| He found the relationship b/w puerperal fever in mothers and unwashed hands medical student's hands. |
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Term
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Definition
| Determined that hand washing was the most important means of preventing the spread of infection. |
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Term
| How long is the hospital stay for a normal vaginal delivery? |
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Definition
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Term
| How long is the hospital stay for a c-section? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Used to measure testicle size and the sexual development in biys. |
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Term
| What is the classic, most favorable pelvis type? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| small, sebaceous glands that secrete substance to lubricate and protect breasts during lactation. |
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Term
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Definition
| A hormone that stimulates maturation of the follicle. |
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Term
| Which hormone stimulates fianl maturation and release of an ovum? |
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Definition
| A surge in LH-14 days before next cycle. |
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Term
| What are the two types of cell division? |
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Definition
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Term
| Reproductive cell division? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A nongenetic factor that can cause birth defects in a fetus. |
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Term
| What are the 4 hormones that the placenta produces? |
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Definition
| progesterone, astrogen, HCG, and Human placental lactogen |
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Term
| What is the umbilical cord? |
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Definition
| It is the lifeline b/w the mother and the fetus. |
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Term
| What does the umbilical cord consist of? |
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Definition
| Two unbilical arteries and one umbilical vein. |
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Term
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Definition
| Yellow-white gelatinous material that surrounds and protects the vessels of the umbilical cord. |
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Term
| The difference b/w monozygotic and Dizygotic twins? |
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Definition
| Mono are identical and come from a single fertilized ovum. Di are fraternal and develope from two seperate ova & two seperate sperm. |
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Term
| What is the goal of prenatal care? |
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Definition
| To ensure a safe birth for mother and child. Educate. Provide physical care. Prepare. |
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Term
| What is the goal of preconception care? |
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Definition
| To identify the risk factors before conception to reduce negative impact on pregnancy. |
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Term
| When should prenatal care begin? |
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Definition
| As soon as the woman suspects she is pregnamt. |
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Term
| What is the recommended schedule for prenatal visits? |
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Definition
| to 28 weeks- q4wks, 29-36 -q2/3wks, 37 to birth - weekly |
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Term
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Definition
| Pressing the belly at certain places to detect the location of the fetus. |
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Term
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Definition
| The size of the belly in relation to how many weeks pregnant the woman is. |
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Term
| Any pregnancy, relardless of duration? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Pregnant for the first time? |
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Definition
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Term
| Pregnant before, regardless of duration? |
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Definition
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Term
| Given birth to one or more viable children? |
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Definition
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Term
| Given birth to first child? |
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Definition
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Term
| Given birth to 2 or more children? |
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Definition
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Term
| Not given birth to child who has reached viability? |
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Definition
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Term
| Termination of pregnancy before viability; spontaneous or induced? |
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Definition
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Term
| Prenatal age of developing fetus? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A way to determine expected delivery date. Identify the first day of last menstrual period. Count backward 3 months. Add 7 days. |
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Term
| What are Presumptive signs of pregnancy? |
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Definition
| A definate diagnosis cannot be made. Amenorrhea, breast changes, fatigue, quickening. |
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Term
| What are Probable signs of pregnancy? |
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Definition
| Stronger evidence of pregnancy. Pregnancy tests, Goodell's sign, Chadwick's sign, uterine enlargement, braxten hicks, fetal outline. |
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Term
| What are Positive signs of pregnancy? |
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Definition
| Caused only by developing fetus. Fetal heart beat, fetal movements, (felt by examiner), ultrasound identification. |
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Term
| What are some normal physiological changes in pregnancy? |
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Definition
| Uterus increases in size, cervix color changes, increase of blood supply, vaginal secretions, breast prepare for lactation, overies do not produce eggs, woman breaths more deeply, oxygen consumption increases by 15%, diaphram rises, edema in nose which can cause nasal discharge, blood volume increases in the heart, pulse increases, HYPOtesion, palpations, increased clotting factor, increased salvation, elimination is slower, constipation, hemorrhoids, altered glucose metabolism, glycosuria, urinary frequency, sweat glands are more active, posure changes, palms are redder, pelvis relaxes, weight gain. |
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Term
| What is the recommended weight gain during pregnancy? |
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Definition
| Normal- 25-35 lbs; Underweight-15-25 lbs; Overweight- 28-40 lbs |
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Term
| What are the nutritional requirements during preg? |
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Definition
| 300 calories per day, protein, calcium, iron, folic acid |
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Term
| Exercise during pregnancy? |
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Definition
| Mild to moderate is beneficial. Maintain the level of exercise that woman was used to prior to pregnancy. |
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Term
| What are some danger signs during pregnancy? |
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Definition
| sudden gush of fluid from the vagina, vagianl bleeding, abdominal pain, persistant vomiting, epigastric pain, edema of face and hands, severe headaches, blurred vision, chills and fever of 100.4, painful urination or reduced urine output. |
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Term
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Definition
| Excessive nausea and vomiting which ultimately leads to dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. |
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Term
| Treatment for hyperemesis gravidarium? |
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Definition
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Term
| Bleeding disorders of EARLY pregnancy can indicate? |
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Definition
| miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy |
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Term
| Bleeding disorders of LATE pregnancy can indicate? |
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Definition
| Abruptio Placentae, Placenta Previa |
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Term
| The premature seperation of the placenta that is normally planted; may develop DIC? |
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Definition
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Term
| Occurs when the placenta develops in the lower part of the uterus. Will need a c-section. ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Nursing care of Pregnancy Induced Hypertention (PIH)? |
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Definition
| Promote prenatal care i.e. identify early, bedrest, medications, moniter BP, CNS irritbility |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Rh incompatibility b/w the woman and the fetus. Can occur ONLY if the mother is Rh negative and the fetus is Rh positive. |
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Term
| What is the treatment for Rh incompat? |
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Definition
| Rhogam if any vaginal bleeding in first trimenster, after any amniocentisis, and at 28 weeks, and after 72 hours after delivery. |
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Term
| Complications of Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1, 2, or gestational) during pregnancy? |
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Definition
| Pregnancy effects glucose metabolism. DM may cause spontaneous abortion, preterm labor, fetal congenital abnormalities, etc. |
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Term
| Treatment of Gestational Diabetes? |
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Definition
| Diet, blood glucose checks, ketone monitoring, insulin, excercise, and fetal assessment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Infections that cause pregnancy complications. Toxoplasmosis, Other infections (UTI, HIV), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes. |
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Term
| A substance that causes an adverse effect on the development of the embryo or fetus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the four main teratogens of concern? |
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Definition
| Drugs, chemicals, infectious agents, and radiation. |
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Term
| What are the four components of the birth process? |
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Definition
| Four P's= Powers, Passage, Passenger, Psyche |
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Term
| Size of cervical dilation? |
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Definition
| 1=cheerio, 3=banana slice, 7=soda can top, 10=bagel |
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Term
| Signs of impending labor? |
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Definition
| Braxton Hicks, increased vaginal discharge, bloody show, rupture of membranes, energy spurt, weight loss |
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Term
| When should a woman go to her birth center to give birth? |
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Definition
| Increased contractions, ruptured membranes, bleeding other than bloody show, decreased fetal movement, any other concern |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Immediate post-birth recovery period |
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Definition
| Fourth stage of labor (1-4 hours post birth) |
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Term
| Thinning and shortening of the cervix during the late stages of labor? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the nursing responsibilities during and after birth? |
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Definition
| Prepare delivery instruments, perineal scrub prep, administer drugs to mother/fetus, provide initial care to newborns (warm, suction), assess APGAR scores, issue ID bands, assess mother's vitals, perineum, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| estrogen, progesterone, FSH |
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Term
| The hormone produced by chorionic villi and found in the urine of pregnant women? |
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Definition
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Term
| When is the fetal heart rate detectable? |
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Definition
| At 10 weeks with a dopar. |
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Term
| The first fetal movements felt by a preg woman? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can a you tell the difference b/w a ruptured placenta and placenta previa? |
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Definition
| Ruptured=PainFUL bleeding; Previa= PainLESS bleeding |
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Term
| Frequency of contractions are measured? |
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Definition
| From the BEGINNING of one contraction to the BEGINNING of the next contraction. |
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Term
| What is meant by the duration of a contraction? |
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Definition
| The beginning of one contraction until its end. |
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Term
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Definition
| Contraction lasting longer than |
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Term
| When is a fetus in danger of hypoxia? |
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Definition
| Contraction lasting longer than 90 seconds or more frequenct than every 60 seconds. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| He discovered the practice of using 2% silver nitrate in the eyes of newborns to prevent blindness secondary to gonorrhea. |
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Term
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Definition
| He revolutionized surgica; practice by introducing aseptic surgery. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Time after final menstruation is called? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Breast structure that secretes milk after childbirth. |
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Term
| How is breast size determined? |
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Definition
| By the amount of fatty tissue. It is unrelated to the woman's ability to produce milk. |
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Term
| In males, where is temperature regulated? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Changes in the cervix. Effacement/dilation. Contractions develop a regular pattern. Contractions become stronger. Discomfort in the lower back. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dilation and Effacement. Lasts from 1 cm to 10 cm. |
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Term
| The second stage of labor? |
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Definition
| Expulsion. Lasts from full cervical dilation to the birth of the child. |
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Term
| The third stage of labor? |
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Definition
| Placental stage. Lasts from birth of child to birth of placenta. |
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Term
| The fourth stage of labor? |
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Definition
| Immediate post birth recovery period. Lasts from 1-4 hours after birth of child. |
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Term
| What are the things a nurse will do to provide the INITIAL care of a newborn? |
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Definition
| Assess APGAR score. Issue ID bands. Assess mother's (VS, lochia, meds, and perineum.) Observe color, charact., amount, odor, of clots. |
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Term
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Definition
| Vaginal discharge after delivery. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Ovum/sperm until implantation. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is progesterone and what is its function? |
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Definition
| It is a hormone first produced by the corpus luteum and then by the placenta. 1.) It MAINTAINS uterine lining for implantation of zygote. 2.) It REDUCES uterine contractions to reduce chances of abortion. 3.) It PREPARES the breaast glands for lactation. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1.) It sends a signal to corpus lateum that conception has occurred. 2.) It causes corpus lateum to continue production of estrogen / progesterone to sustain pregnancy. |
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Term
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Definition
| 7-9 days after fertilization. |
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Term
| How much floic acid should a woman take to reduce neural tube defects? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Bluish discoloration of the cervix, vagina, and vulva which is due to increased vascular congestion. |
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Term
| How much does the uterus increase in size during pregnancy? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much does blood volume increase during pregnancy? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much weight should a women gain? |
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Definition
| 3.5 lbs in the first trimester then 1 lb/week. |
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Term
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Definition
| Softening of the cervix and vagina. |
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Term
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Definition
| Softening of lower uterine segment |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when the fertilized ovum is implanted outside the uterine cavity. 95% of the time it occurs in the fallopian tube. |
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Term
| What are the s/sx of ectopic pregnancy? |
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Definition
| Lower back pain. Light or severe bleeding. Abdominal pain. |
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Term
| What are the five factors evaluated for in an APGAR score? |
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Definition
| Heart rate. Respiratory rate. Muscle tone. Reflex response to suction and stim of soles of feet. Skin color. |
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Term
| How often are APGAR scores checked? |
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Definition
| 1 and 5 minutes after birth. |
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