Term
| What are 2 important things to rule out before diagnosis a pt with a mental health disorder |
|
Definition
| Any neurological or physical disorder |
|
|
Term
| What is the term used to describe a state of being adjusted to life |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the term used to describe any illness that affects the mind or behavior |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some possible reasons for the development of mental issues sue to the fact that physical & emotional health are closely intertwined |
|
Definition
| Social & cultural environments or religion |
|
|
Term
| What are the 8 areas of a mental health assessment |
|
Definition
| 1. Appearance & behavior 2. Level of awareness & reality orientation 3. Thinking/content of thoughts 4. Speech & ability to communicate 5. Memory 6. Mood & affect 7. Judgment 8. Perception |
|
|
Term
| What is the diagnostic book used to determine which mental health disorder a pt has |
|
Definition
| “Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders” |
|
|
Term
| What do lab tests rule out |
|
Definition
| Electrolyte imbalances, hypothyroidism, dehydration, drug toxicities, & infections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is a PET scan used when determining mental illness |
|
Definition
| To see chemical/metabolic activity of the brain |
|
|
Term
| Why is it good for a pt to have a small amount of anxiety |
|
Definition
| Mild anxiety can be positive & increases ones alertness & ability to respond |
|
|
Term
| Why is it bad for a pt to have a lot of anxiety |
|
Definition
| Too much anxiety causes a person to develop a cloudy consciousness & prevents pt from making good choices |
|
|
Term
| Which ego defense mechanism is used when a pt is unable to see the reality of a situation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ego defense mechanism is used when a pt begins burying or forgetting issues that are unbearable |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ego defense mechanism is used when a pt uses a logical sound reason to cover up true thoughts & feelings |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ego defense mechanism is used when a pt begins to make up for an inadequacy by developing another desirable trait |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ego defense mechanism is used when a pt begins to make up for an inadequacy by developing an opposite trait |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ego defense mechanism is used when a pt return to an earlier point when life was easier |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ego defense mechanism is used when a pt begins blaming others for his own problem |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ego defense mechanism is used when a pt begins to transfer anger & hostility to an object or person that is less powerful |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ego defense mechanism is used when a pt makes amends for a behavior he feels is unacceptable to reduce guilt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ego defense mechanism is used when a pts anxiety turns into physical symptoms when threatened |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ego defense mechanism is used when a pt begins to unconsciously stay away from situations that cause aggression or anxiety |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 qualities needed by a nurse for all therapeutic relationships |
|
Definition
| Empathy, respect, & honesty |
|
|
Term
| What is the most important tool used with mental health issues |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 types of communication |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is involved in verbal communication |
|
Definition
| Using the correct tone, pitch, speed, & volume of speech |
|
|
Term
| What is involved in non-verbal communication |
|
Definition
| Physical appearance, dress, body movement & posture, touch, facial expression, & eye contact |
|
|
Term
| What are communication blocks |
|
Definition
| Barriers to effective communication |
|
|
Term
| What is a therapeutic milieu |
|
Definition
| An area where the nurse/therapist is in control |
|
|
Term
| Why is a therapeutic milieu important when caring for a pt with a mental health disorder |
|
Definition
| The milieu has an effect on behavior, provides containment, support, structure, involvement, & validation for the pt while he is being treated |
|
|
Term
| What are some common interventions used within a therapeutic milieu |
|
Definition
| Role modeling, positive reinforcement, schedule of events, consistent expectations & rules for behavior, & unit meetings |
|
|
Term
| What are the goals of a therapeutic milieu |
|
Definition
| Resocialization, ego development, & prevention of regression |
|
|
Term
| How can prevention of regression be encouraged |
|
Definition
| By giving pt small jobs to do that promote independence |
|
|
Term
| Which goal of a therapeutic milieu is aimed at letting pt be more involved in unit functions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which goal of a therapeutic milieu helps pt to develop coping & social skills |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of pts benefit most from ECT |
|
Definition
| Severely depressed pts who do not respond to psychotropic meds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An electric current is passed through the brain to produce a tonic-clonic seizure which is believed to increase the neurotransmitters in the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In recovery room with emergency equipment close by |
|
|
Term
| What must be obtained by MD prior to ECT must obtain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What should be given to pt 30 minutes prior to ECT |
|
Definition
| A med to dry secretions & prevent contraction of vagus nerve stimulation |
|
|
Term
| What type of meds are given prior to ECT to prevent injury |
|
Definition
| A short acting anesthetic & smooth muscle relaxant |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of applying & inflating a BP cuff to the lower limb of a pt undergoing ECT prior to giving him a muscle relaxant |
|
Definition
| So seizure activity can be monitored as well as EEG |
|
|
Term
| Which 2 VS are monitored before & after ECT |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is given to a pt before & after ECT until spontaneous respirations occur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long do seizures need to last in order for ECT to be effective |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long should nurse stay with pt after ECT |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long does pt need to be NPO before ECT |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When is it alright to give pt food or drink after ECT |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the major concern after ECT |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the term used to describe stress from positive experiences such as a wedding or job promotion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the most common types of anxiety disorders |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Irrational fears of specific objects or situations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Persistent fear of behaving or performing in a way that will be humiliating to the person |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A state of extreme fear that cannot be controlled |
|
|
Term
| What must occur in order for a pt to be dx with having panic attacks |
|
Definition
| Pt must exhibit several episodes within a specific time frame |
|
|
Term
| What are the S/S of a panic attack |
|
Definition
| Fear, feeling of impending doom, dissociation, nausea, swearing, chest pain, palpitations, shaking (pt sometimes believes he is having MI or other illness) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Restlessness, shaking, palpitations, dry mouth, N/V, difficulty swallowing, polyuria, hot flashes, chills, muscle aches, Hypervigilance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Obsession - repetitive thought, urge, or emotion; compulsion - repetitive act that may appear purposeful |
|
|
Term
| Why do most pts with OCD perform certain actions |
|
Definition
| Performing the action is the mechanism that reduces anxiety & nurse should not try & stop the actions |
|
|
Term
| What are interventions that help OCD pts |
|
Definition
| Cognitive behavior therapy or meds (Prozac) |
|
|
Term
| What is a mental health disorder that develops in response to some unexpected emotional or physical trauma when there is a real threat of death or harm & the person is helpless to do anything about it |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the key symptom of PTSD |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When does PTSD appear in a pt |
|
Definition
| Maybe immediately or could be years after certain event |
|
|
Term
| What are some things that could trigger flashbacks for PTSD pts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some S/S of PTSD |
|
Definition
| Social withdrawal, low self esteem, changes/difficulty in relationships, irritability/anger outbursts, depression, chemical dependency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A common condition associated with PTSD in which the pt will feel guilty for surviving a traumatic event where others were killed |
|
|
Term
| What type of activities should be encouraged for pts with anxiety disorders |
|
Definition
| Noncompetitive activities |
|
|
Term
| How are mood disorders described |
|
Definition
| A disorder in which the major symptom is extreme change in mood/emotion & affect the outward expression of the mood |
|
|
Term
| When are mood disorders diagnosed |
|
Definition
| When symptoms begin to interfere with normal day to day functioning |
|
|
Term
| What is a mood disorder characterized by moods involving both a high & a low |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a mood disorder characterized by moods that are only low |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 2 character traits are portrayed in pts with a bipolar disorder |
|
Definition
| Mania & extreme depression |
|
|
Term
| Food containing tyramine should be avoided in pts taking which type of drug |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some common foods containing tyramine |
|
Definition
| Bananas, aged cheese, yogurt bologna, salami, pepperoni, summer sausage, chocolate, beer, & wine |
|
|
Term
| Which electrolyte must be carefully monitored in pts taking Lithium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What could decreased Na intake with decreased fluid intake lead to in a pt that is taking Lithium |
|
Definition
| Retention of lithium & overmedication |
|
|
Term
| What could occur in a pt taking Lithium that has an increased Na intake from food or meds & an increased fluid intake |
|
Definition
| This could hasten excretion of Lithium, resulting in worsening S/S of mania |
|
|
Term
| What is a serious brain disorder of thought & association |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When does the onset of schizophrenia usually occur |
|
Definition
| During adolescence or young adulthood |
|
|
Term
| Which disorder is characterized by an inability to distinguish between what is real & what is not, hallucinations, delusions, limited socialization, poor self-esteem, & difficulty focusing on one topic for any length of time |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the positive symptoms r/t schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| Delusions, hallucinations, & illusions |
|
|
Term
| What are the negative symptoms r/t schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| Alogia, avolition, apathy, anhedonia, & social isolation |
|
|
Term
| What are fixed, false beliefs that cannot be changes by logic or factual proof |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| False sensory perceptions |
|
|
Term
| What are known as mistaken perceptions of reality |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a term used for the inability to speak |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The lack of interest/concern |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common type of schizophrenia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is exhibited in a pt that suffers from paranoid schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| Unusual suspiciousness & fear, hostile aggression, delusions of grandeur or persecution |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common symptom experienced by a pt with paranoid schizophrenia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the term used to describe the repeated compulsive use of a substance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is dysfunctional abuse |
|
Definition
| Substance abuse that affects all personal & professional relationships |
|
|
Term
| What part do family members play when a loved one begins to abuse certain substances & how does this affect their personal lives |
|
Definition
| Family begins to cover behavior, which leads to codependence. Family members that become codependent lose themselves/their goals & their life becomes the abuser which enables them |
|
|
Term
| Which 2 drugs are commonly given to pts going through withdrawals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How soon will you see S/S of withdrawals in an abusive pt |
|
Definition
| 4-12 hours -- peaks in 24-48 hours |
|
|
Term
| Why would hospitalization be necessary for a pt going through withdrawals |
|
Definition
| To treat symptoms & maintain safety |
|
|
Term
| What are some S/S of DT’s |
|
Definition
| Visual hallucinations, tremors, possible seizures, increased BP & P, cardiac dysrhythmias |
|
|
Term
| What are the most common classification of meds used for pts going through DT’s |
|
Definition
| Anti-anxiety & antidepressants |
|
|
Term
| What is the med given to pts going through ETOH DT’s |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What would happen if a pt took the med Antabuse & also drank ETOH at the same time |
|
Definition
| This would cause sever A/R to occur |
|
|
Term
| How long does Antabuse stay in pts system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which med is given pt pts that have quit drinking |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the screening tool used to find out if a pt is addicted to ETOH |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What questions are asked in the CAGE Questionnaire |
|
Definition
| Have you ever felt you could CUT down on your drinking; Have people ANNOYED you by criticizing you about your drinking; Have you ever felt GUILTY about your drinking; Have you ever has a drink first think in the morning as an EYE opener or to steady your nerves |
|
|
Term
| Which drug is given to pts to help reduce the cravings r/t their addiction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the S/S of dug abuse/dependency |
|
Definition
| 1. Red, watery eyes 2. Runny nose 3. Hostile behavior 4. Paranoia 5. Needle tracks |
|
|
Term
| Which type of comments by older adults must be explored to assess suicide risk |
|
Definition
| Any comments referring to hopelessness or desire to die |
|
|
Term
| What type of contract should be made with the older adult, or any pt, who is a suicide risk |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the role of the Memory T cells in relation to cell mediated immunity |
|
Definition
| To remember specific the specific foreign antigen & activate the immune response in case the antigen reappears |
|
|
Term
| In which type of immunity are antibodies not produced by the pt, but obtained from another source |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is passive immunity permanent or temporary |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the ways in which a pt receives naturally acquired passive immunity |
|
Definition
| Placental transmission of antibodies & antibodies in breast milk |
|
|
Term
| What are the ways in which a pt receives artificially acquired passive immunity |
|
Definition
| Injection of preformed antibodies |
|
|
Term
| What are the ways in which a pt receives naturally acquired active immunity |
|
Definition
| Pt produces own antibodies. When a pt recovers from an infection, he will have antibodies & memory cells specific for that pathogen |
|
|
Term
| What are the ways in which a pt receives artificially acquired active immunity |
|
Definition
| Via vaccine which will stimulate production of antibodies & memory cells (some confer lifelong immunity, but some do not) |
|
|
Term
| Due to a weakened immune system, what are the immunizations that older adults are always advised to receive |
|
Definition
| Pneumonia vaccine, flu vaccine, & the tetanus booster every 10 years |
|
|
Term
| What should be worn by any pt that has serious allergies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the drug of choice for life threatening anaphylactic reactions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common form of allergy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the causative agents r/t allergic rhinitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the term used to describe allergic rhinitis if it occurs early |
|
Definition
| Perennial allergic rhinitis |
|
|
Term
| How is allergic rhinitis diagnosed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the S/S of allergic rhinitis |
|
Definition
| Sneezing, nasal itching, runny nose, itchy red eyes; nasal mucosa is pale, cyanotic & edematous; dark circles under eyes (allergic shiners) |
|
|
Term
| What is the term used to describe a severe systemic type 1 hypersensitivity reaction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When collecting data on a pt, what is a symptom that may be found in a pt that is experiencing angioedema |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common S/S of a hemolytic transfusion reaction |
|
Definition
| Sudden onset of low back (flank) pain or chest pain |
|
|
Term
| You have been assigned to a pt that is in the process of receiving a blood transfusion -- what would most likely be the first S/S that the SPN may see if pt experienced a hemolytic transfusion reaction |
|
Definition
| Sudden onset of low back or chest pain |
|
|
Term
| What is the term used to describe a disorder in which the immune system recognizes body’s own cells as foreign |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes pernicious anemia |
|
Definition
| A vitamin B12 deficiency due to a decreased ability of the intrinsic factor to assist in the absorption of vitamin B12 in the ileum & could also be caused by gastric or small bowel resections |
|
|
Term
| What must pt undergo if he has pernicious anemia |
|
Definition
| Lifelong vitamin B12 therapy |
|
|
Term
| What is the most noted S/S of SLE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the S/S of renal disease |
|
Definition
| Facial puffiness, foamy urine, coke-colored urine |
|
|
Term
| What is ankylosing spondylitis |
|
Definition
| A chronic progressive inflammatory disease where inflammation begins in lower back & progresses upward |
|
|
Term
| What should the nurse educate pt on r/t ankylosing spondylitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F - HIV is a chronic disease with tx available |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Destruction of immune cells & may cause AIDS over time |
|
|
Term
| What are the HIV modes of transmission |
|
Definition
| 1. Infected blood, serum, vaginal secretions, and breast milk 2. Sexually 3. Parenteral 4. Perinatal |
|
|
Term
| How can HC prevent themselves from obtaining HIV |
|
Definition
| Hand hygiene, PPE, standard precautions |
|
|
Term
| What precautions should be taken r/t needle sticks to ensure HIV is not spread |
|
Definition
| No recapping needles, needleless systems, needle safety devices |
|
|
Term
| What type of diet should nurse encourage AIDS pt to be on |
|
Definition
| Low microbial, high calorie, high protein |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common opportunistic infection in AIDS pts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fungus that produces SOB, fever, nonproductive cough, & fatigue |
|
|
Term
| Which drug is used prophylactically in pts with PCP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common cancer associated with AIDS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of CA is descried as patches of abnormal tissue, which grow under the skin, in lining of mouth, nose, throat or other organs & are red & purple with CA cells & blood |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the first step in testing a pt for HIV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If ELISA test is positive, what is the next test performed to test pt for HIV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does it mean if the Western Blot Test comes back positive |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cultural group is at greater risk for being misdiagnosed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cultural group is more likely to experience hallucinations, delusions, somatization, & hostility |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What could African Americans mistake maintaining eye contact for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In which cultural group are smoking, alcoholism, & deaths from suicide or violence prevalent problems |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cultural group uses root doctors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do Haitian’s view depressive & obsessive behaviors |
|
Definition
| As culture-bound syndromes |
|
|
Term
| Which cultural group should be on lower doses of antidepressants |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cultural group is more likely to experience greater side effects r/t meds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cultural group needs lower dosages of med & have side effects at lower dosages for psychoactive drugs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cultural group is more sensitive to ETOH |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is mental illness perceived to the Navajo culture |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cultural group wears turquoise to ward off evil |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cultural group has a higher incidence of mental illness & a difficulty expressing emotions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In which cultural group is mental illness strongly stigmatized & thought to me a genetic, “neurological disorder” |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cultural group does not seek psychiatric help due to the stigma attached to mental illness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do Hindus believe is the best healer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are physical & mental illnesses considered to be in the Hindu culture |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cultural group believe mental illness is hereditary & view pts as having lifelong conditions within their bloodline & therefore place a social stigma on the pt & his family |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cultural group may keep family members with mental health disorders away from public view |
|
Definition
|
|
