Term
| Haemophilus influenza pneumonia |
|
Definition
*typical
children, elderly, immunocompromise, a splenic, AIDS
10% of community acquired pneumonia
ceftriaxone, macrolides, Flouroquinilones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*typical
5% of community acquired pneumonia
common in COPD and immunosuppressed |
|
|
Term
Staphylococcus aureus
pneumonia |
|
Definition
*typical
secondary infection following influenza virus
pleural effusion
TOC: oxacillin |
|
|
Term
gram-negative rods
as a cause of pneumonia |
|
Definition
nosocomial infections
treatment: third-generation cephalosporin or Flouroquinilones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*typical
Cystic fibrosis and nosocomial
cavitates
Rapid antibiotic resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*typical
alcoholics, diabetics, nosocomial
Current jelly sputum
Third-generation cephalosporins or Flouroquinilones |
|
|
Term
anaerobes
as a cause of pneumonia |
|
Definition
*typical
Aspiration pneumonia seen in loss of consciousness, dementia, alcoholism
Abscesses, foul-smelling
disease in dependent lung lobes
metronidazole/clindamycin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*atypical
Classically in young adults
2-4 weeks incubation
tracheal bronchitis and nocturnal cough
10% of community acquired pneumonia
Doxycycline, macrolides, or Flouroquinilones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*atypical
alcoholics, transplant patients, COPD, malignancy, diabetes
water exposure
Hyponatremia and CNS changes
LDH greater than 700
diarrhea
doxycycline, macrolike, Flouroquinilones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*a typical
Elderly
sore throat, hoarse voice, sinusitis
doxycycline macrolike or Flouroquinilones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*atypical
Contracted from parrots
Bird may show ruffle feathers
Doxycycline, macrolides, or Flouroquinilones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*atypical
"Q. fever"
contracted from farm animals
inhalation or ingestion of milk
doxycycline, macrolides, or Flouroquinilones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*atypical
Hunters, butchers,
classically contracted from rabbits
maybe transmitted by ticks
streptomycin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*atypical
--Empyema, crosses tissue planes (i.e.
pericardium, spine)
--Sinus tract formation-drainingthrough anterior chest wall
Six to 12 months of penicillin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*a typical
gram-positive acid fast aerobe
mimics TB
fever, experts, eosinophilia, opportunistic infection in AIDS
Bactrim |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*fungal
dry cough /dyspnea
bilateral infiltrates
no pleural effusions
Diagnosis: sputum Silver stain, high LDH
AIDS -- CD4 under 200
Prophylaxis: double strength bactrim |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*fungal
San Joaquin Valley fever
California, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, imprisonment,
high incidence after earthquakes, Filipinos and blacks have high rate of disseminated disease
diagnosis: sputum cytology --budding yeast
amphotericin B. or fluconazole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*fungal
Ohio/Mississippi River valleys
bat or bird feces
Amphotericin or fluconazole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*fungal
seen in neutropenic patients
Fungus ball with cavitation on x-ray
Amphotericin or fluconazole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*fungal
AIDS or immunosuppressed
Amphotericin or fluconazole |
|
|
Term
| influenza virus pneumonia |
|
Definition
*viral
patients over 65 may be deadly
amantadine,oseltamivir,zanamipir |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*viral
Children and young adults exposed to southwestern desert Rodent feces
Three to six Day Prodronal fever and myalgia followed by ARDS
50% fatal with treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
RSV, Adenovirus, Parainfluenze
all less severe than influenze |
|
|
