Which of the following is not a value stated in the Agile Manifesto?

A) Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
B) Working software over comprehensive documentation
C) Customer communication over contract negotiation
D) Responding to change over following a plan

Correct Answer: C

This is a tricky question! Although each of these seems correct, one answer has been changed a bit from the actual words used in the Agile Manifesto.
Answers "A", "B" & "D" are from the Agile Manifesto word for word.  The actual words used in the Agile Manifesto for answer "C" are Customer "collaboration" over contract negotiation, rather than Customer "communication" over contract negotiation, and this is why "C" is the correct answer to this question.

It is very important that you study and fully understand these Agile Manifesto values word for word because they help form the foundation of all Agile Project Management activities

You are a Product Owner working on an agile software development project and you have brought all the Scrum team members together for the first Iteration Planning meeting. You read the user stories to the team, and they have provided estimates to complete these user stories. You have promised to leave them alone during the iteration to get the work done and they have agreed to complete the work 100% according to the definition of done. What is this an example of?

A) Two-way communication
B) Reciprocal commitment
C) Bi-partisan agreement
D) Emotional intelligence

Correct Answer: B

This is an example of Reciprocal Commitment, where the Agile project team commits to delivering the specified functionality 100 % according the definition of done at the end of the iteration, and the product owner, organization and customer agree not to change priorities during the iteration and leave the team alone to "do the work".

Agile project management and product development uses several different types of documents specific to each iteration, which are referred to as "artifacts".  All of the following are Agile iteration artifacts except:

A) Iteration Vision Statement
B) Iteration Backlog
C) Iteration Plan
D) Iteration Burnup Chart

Correct Answer: A

The four main artifacts used in Agile project management and product development are the Iteration Plan, Iteration Backlog, Iteration Burndown Charts and Iteration Burnup Charts. The only type of "vision statement" used as an artifact in Agile is the Product Vision Statement. The "Iteration Vision Statement" is a completely fake term that we made up for this question

Extreme Programming (XP) defines four basic activities that are performed during the software development process. These include designing, coding, testing and ... ?

A) Collaborating
B) Leveling
C) Communicating
D) Listening

Correct Answer: D

The four basic activities of XP that are performed during the software development process are:
1) Listening to the customer to determine what they want and also to your fellow development team members.
2) Designing the code based on your team's understanding of the requirements resulting from Listening to the customer and your team.
3) Coding because the end product of the development effort is based on programming the code.
4) Testing the code that has been programmed to deliver the highest quality code as close to bug-free as feasible.

When it comes to estimating the requirements on your Agile projects, there are three different “Sizing Units” that can be used to determine the size (referring here specifically to “Level of Effort”) of your Agile project requirements (referring here specifically to “user stories”), and the specific tasks to meet those requirements.  Which of the Following is not recognized as a “unit” that can be used for estimating the size of the requirements on your Agile project?

A) Real time
B) Relative size
C) Ideal time
D) Ideal size

Correct Answer: D

"When it comes to estimating the effort to complete the requirements on your Agile projects, there are three different “Sizing Units” that can be used:

Real Time, which is sometimes called Real Days or Actual Days.  This refers to the actual time during each day that the team members are available and are productively working on specific Agile project tasks.

Ideal Time, or Ideal Days, where you make the assumption that your Agile project team members will have no interruptions in their work, such as checking email or attending meetings, and will be 100% productive every hour of every day.

Relative Size, which is the recommended “sizing unit” to use for requirements size estimation on your Agile project. This sizing unit allows you to estimate the “level of effort” a user story will take to complete, relative to the other user stories you will be performing on your Agile project.

Ideal Size is not a recognized sizing unit for estimating the level effort of effort to complete an Agile project requirement."

One of the major tools and techniques used in Lean Software Development is value stream mapping.  What is the primary purpose of value stream mapping?

A) To improve business processes
B) To identify and eliminate waste   
C) To ensure product quality
D) To increase customer value

Correct Answer: B

The single most important goal of using Value Stream Mapping is to identify and eliminate waste. 

Which is NOT one of the steps XP uses when planning at every timescale:

A.Break work items down into tasks(Correct Answer)

B.Set a budget

C.Estimate the items

D.List the work items that may need to be done

Which of the following is not one of the seven lean principles for software development?

A.Build quality in

B.Respect people

C.Customer collaboration

D.Defer commitment

Complex rules and regulations give rise to:

A.Complex, intelligent behavior

B.Complex, stupid behavior

C.Simple, intelligent behavior

D.Simple, stupid behavior

What are the five XP values?

A.Commitment, feedback, simplicity, courage and respect

B.Commitment, openness, focus, courage and respect

C.Communication, feedback, simplicity, courage and respect

D.Commitment, openness, simplicity, courage and respect

What are the five XP values?

A.Commitment, feedback, simplicity, courage and respect

B.Commitment, openness, focus, courage and respect

C.Communication, feedback, simplicity, courage and respect

D.Commitment, openness, simplicity, courage and respect

In a user story, the details are recorded in the

A.Requirement

B.Card

C.Conversation

D.Confirmation

The purpose of story cards is to provide a simple medium for (check all that apply):

A.defining acceptance tests 

B.planning iteration work

C.developing work estimates

D.recording high-level requirements

E.gathering basic information about storie

Answers: A, C, D, E

How do you estimate the unknown?

A.by using story points instead of staff hours

B.You can't

C.by using planning poker

 D.by estimating progressively

A trade-off matrix

A.helps manage cost during a project

B.establishes the overall financial and business reasons for undertaking this project

C.helps manage risk during a project

 D.establishes relative priorities of the project constraints

The term "story" comes from:

A.Extreme Programming

B.DSDM

C.Scrum

 D.Crystal Clear

Agile expects uncertainty and manages it through

A.Collaboration, iterations and adaptation

B.Iterations, anticipation, and adaptation

C.Iterations, estimation and adaptation

D.Estimation, anticipation and adaptation

Agile projects are kicked off by at least these three processes:

A.Product roadmap planning and product release planning

B.Visioning, product roadmap planning and product backlog definition

C.Visioning, product release planning and product backlog definition

 D.Develop project charter, develop preliminary project scope statement and product roadmap planning

The Product backlog is

A.Static and Complete

B.Dynamic and Incomplete

C.Dynamic and Complete

 D.Static and Incomplete

Staging occurs:

A.During release planning

B.During iteration planning

C.After each iteration retrospective

 D.Prior to the start of the first sprint

Agile values this over contract negotiation:

A.Working software

B.Responding to change

C.Customer collaboration

 D.Individuals and interactions

People who are learning and mastering new skills pass through these three different stages of behavior:

A.Following, detaching, mastery

B.Following, detaching, fluent

C.Learning, detaching, mastery

 D.Learning, doing, teaching

In agile projects, integrated change control is referred to as

A.Continuous backlog management

B.Agile backlog management

C.Agile change management

 D.Continuous change management

Relative weighting is:

A.The ratio of a feature's cost to it's value

B.The ratio of a feature's benefit to it's cost

C.The ratio of a feature's value to it's cost

 D.The ratio of a feature's cost to it's benefit

The Speculate phase:

A.Concludes the project and passes along key learnings

B.Produces a release plan based on capabilities or stories

C.Delivers running, tested, accepted stories

D.Clearly identifies what is to be done and how the work is to be accomplished

E.Reviews delivered results and the team's performance

Answer B

Explanation:

The Envision phase clearly identifies what is to be done and how the work is to be accomplished

The Speculate phase produces a release plan based on capabilities or stories
The Explore phase delivers running, tested, accepted stories
The Adapt phase reviews delivered results and the team's performance
The Close Phase concludes the project and passes along key learnings

The product manager must:

A.There is no product manager role in agile

B.Come from inside or outside the IT department

C.Come from outside the IT department

D.Come from inside the IT department

Kanban systems begin to solve (check all that apply):

A.The low WIP problem

B.The high WIP problem

C.The low ROI problem

D.The high ROI problem

Software Development is: 

Agile Planning (a.k.a. planning onion) has 6 levels -

A. Strategy, Portfolio, Regulation, Iteration, Daily, and Continuous

B. Strategy, Planning, Release, Iteration, Daily, and Continuous

C. Strategy, Portfolio, Release, Iteration, Discussion, and Continuous

D. Strategy, Planning, Release, Iteration, Diligence, and Continuous

Which organization has set the de facto standards for project management techniques?

A) PMBOK

B) PMO

C) PMI

D) PMA

Answer: C

The Project Management Institute (PMI) is the industry-recognized standard for project management practices.

Which kind of sequence is the best for estimating user stories in an Agile Team?

A) Non-linear

B) Linear

C) Fibonacci sequence

D) Story points

Answer: A

Non-linear sequences work well because they reflect greater uncertainty associated with estimates for larger units of work. Either sequence works well; although my slight personal preference is for the first. Fibonacci sequence is an example of such a sequence.

What are the Product Owner's conditions of satisfaction of a User Story?

A) Regression tests

B) Integration tests

C) High-level acceptance tests

D) Unit tests

Answer: C

A product owner's conditions of satisfaction for a user story are the high-level acceptance tests that she would like to see applied to the story before considering it as finished.

Which of the following is another name for an Ishikawa diagram?

A) Cause and Effect Diagram

B) Bell Curve

C) Pareto Diagram

D)Trend Analysis

Answer: A

Ishikawa diagram is also known as Cause and Effect Diagram, Fishbone diagram

You have 2 projects to select from. Project A has NPV of $45,000 and Project B has NPV of $85,000. What is the opportunity cost of selecting project B?

A) $45,000

B) $85,000

C) $40,000

D) $130,000

Answer: A

The cost of Project A - $40000.

Who is responsible for making business decisions in XP Team?

A) XP Coach

B) The Product Manager

C) The Product Owner

D) XP Customer

Answer: D

On-Site Customers are responsible for making business decisions. They point the project in the right direction by clarifying the project vision, creating stories, constructing a release plan, and managing risks.

Please choose a correct principle from the list below that stands behind Agile Manifesto:

A) Simplicity—the art of minimizing the amount of work not done—is essential

B) The best architectures, requirements, and features emerge from self organizing teams.

C) At regular intervals, the team reflects on how to become more efficient and then tunes and adjusts its behavior accordingly

D) Welcome changing requirements, even late in development. Agile processes harness change for the customer's competitive advantage

Answer: D

Some correct principles standing behind the Agile Manifesto are: "Simplicity—the art of maximizing the amount of work not done — is essential", "The best architectures, requirements, and designs emerge from self-organizing teams", "At regular intervals, the team reflects on how to become more effective and then tunes up and adjusts its behavior accordingly". Therefore, only answer D is correct.

A new developer has joined the existing Scrum team. He/she is having continuing conflicts with existing members and is making the environment hostile. If necessary, who is responsible for removing the new team member, and why?

A) The manager to whom h/she reports is responsible, because he/she has authority for hiring and firing

B) The Development Team is responsible because it is a self-managing Team, although it may have to be advised by the Scrum Master

C) Scrum Master is responsible because he/she needs to remove impediments

D) Product Owner is responsible because he/she controls the return on investment (ROI) of the work

Correct answer: B

Development Teams are structured and empowered by the organization to organize and manage their own work. The Scrum Master can facilitate the decision, but the final decision is up to the Development Team.

The acronym DEEP acts as a memory-jogger about a well-groomed Product Backlog having the four qualities:

A) Detailed appropriately, estimated, emergent, and prioritized

B) Detailed appropriately, estimated, emergent, and predetermined

C) Detailed appropriately, estimated, emanating, and prioritized

D) Detailed appropriately, examined, emergent, and prioritized

Correct answer: A

Product Backlog has four qualities: detailed appropriately, estimated, emergent, and prioritized, making it DEEP.

You are an Agile project manager. You've just accepted your first project in a foreign country. You've been in the country a week or two and are experiencing some disorientation. This is known as which of the following?

A) Co-location

B) Diversity shock

C) Global culturing

D) Culture shock

Correct answer: D

Culture shock is the disoriented feeling that people might experience when working in a foreign country.

What three levels of the planning onion most agile teams are concerned with?

A) Strategy, Portfolio, Product

B) Release, Iteration, Day

C) Product, Release, Iteration

D) Portfolio, Program, Project

Correct answer: B

Most agile teams are only concerned with the three innermost levels of the planning onion. Release planning considers user stories or themes that will be developed for a new release of a product or a system. On the next level is iteration planning, which is conducted at the start of each iteration. Finally, there is daily planning. Most agile teams use some form of daily standup meetings to coordinate work and synchronize daily efforts.

What are the usual Product Owner's conditions of satisfaction for an iteration?

A) Features and high-level tests

B) Only features

C) The list of tasks that Team comes with after sprint planning

D) All answers above are correct

Correct answer: A

For an iteration, product owner's conditions of satisfaction are typically the features she'd like to have developed next, and some high-level tests about each feature.

What is the best length of an iteration in Scrum?

A) 1 week

B) There is no ideal iteration length. It depends on the project and can vary

C) 2 weeks

D) 1 month

Correct answer: B

There's no magic iteration duration that is right for all teams under all circumstances. The right iteration length for a team on one project may not be the right length for the same team on a different project.

Story points and ideal days are estimates of the ... of a feature

A)Time

B) Failure

C)Size

D) Success

Correct answer: C

Story points and ideal days are estimates of the size of a feature.

The top of the Burndown Bar Chart moved down. What does it most likely mean?

A)The team increases its estimates

B) New items are added to the backlog

C) Items are taken out of the backlog

D) The team makes progress or reduces its estimates

Correct answer: D

If the team makes progress or reduces its estimates, the top of the bar moves down.

If there is not enough time to develop all the requested features, what would be the BEST action?

A)    Increase the size of the team to deliver more

B) Negotiate to reduce the scope of some tasks

C) Deliver only the highest priority User Stories

D) Increase team efficiency by introducing new practices

Correct answer: B

During the Sprint: Scope may be clarified and re-negotiated between the Product Owner and Development Team as more is learned. Delivering only the highest priority User Stories can effect that Sprint Goal. Also User Stories and tasks are not prioritized within a Sprint.

You run a customer support organization and want to effectively manage your support activities. New support requests arrive frequently (hourly). In this situation, what approach is the best to choose?

A)    Scrum

B)   Kanban

C)   Lean

D)   Six Sigma

Correct answer: B

Scrum is not well suited for highly interrupt-driven work. In this situation, you will not be able to reliably plan iterations for a week or more, because you won't know what the work will be that far into the future. In interrupt-driven environments you would be better off considering an alternative approach called Kanban.

Functional requirements, non-functional requirements, and issues - are all prioritized in order of importance to the business; and dependencies are all kept in the:

A)    Project Plan

B)   Project specification

C)   Product Backlog

D)   Sprint Backlog

Correct answer: C

Functional requirements, non-functional requirements, and issues, which are prioritized in order of importance to the business and dependencies and then estimated. The precision of the estimate depends on the priority and granularity of the Product Backlog item, with the highest priority items that can be selected in the next Sprint being very granular and precise.

You work as XP Coach. A critically significant person goes on holiday, stays home with a sick child, takes a new job, or suddenly retires. You need to spend much time training for a replacement. Which of XP practices can address these problems best of all, reducing them almost entirely?

A)    Coding Standards

B)   Collective Code Ownership

C)   Continuous Integration

D)   Sustainable Pace

Correct Answer: B

Collective code ownership spreads responsibility for maintaining the code to all the programmers. Collective code ownership is exactly what it sounds like: everyone shares responsibility for the quality of the code. No single person claims ownership over any part of the system, and anyone can make any necessary changes anywhere.

What is the most effective way of combating the problem of tardiness to the stand-up meetings?

A)    Punishment

B)   Start and end meetings on time even if people are absent

 C)  Bring the problem to the Retrospective meeting and blame the people there

D)   Cut the salary

Correct Answer: B

The most effective way of combating this problem is to start and end meetings on time, even if people are absent.

Detailed project reports are generated on a weekly basis, stored in a repository, whereto all managers have access, the reports being password-protected. This is an example of?

A)    Iteration Report

 B)   Information Radiator

C)   Secure documentation

D)   Information Refrigerator

Correct answer: D

An Information Refrigerator is a chart you have to open up and dig around in before you find the ketchup you're looking for.

Which Lean principle does the principle of writing less code refer to?

A)    Eliminate Waste

B)   Build Quality In

C)   Deliver Fast

D)   Create Knowledge

Correct answer: A

Write less code - the more code you have the more tests you need thus it requires more work and if you're writing tests for features that are not needed you are simply wasting time. This refers to Eliminate Waste principle.

A team wants to estimate each new story against an assortment of 3 stories that have already been estimated. This is commonly referred to as ... ?

A)    Disaggregation

B)   Relative sizing

C)   Triangulation

D)   Three-point estimation

Correct answer: C

This is referred to as triangulation. To triangulate, compare the story estimated against a few other stories.

Different programmers on your XP Team are responsible for different projects. Should the team collectively own all these projects?

A)    Not necessarily, it's ok to have different programmers

responsible for different projects

B)   There is no one correct answer

C)   It's up to XP Coach to decide

 D)   The whole team should take responsibility for all code

Correct answer: D

If you have combined programmers working on several projects into a single team, then the whole team should take responsibility for all the code.

Which of the following is NOT one of the three must-have steps that Kanban advocates?

A)    Visualize how the work flows through the system

B)   Limit the work in process (WIP) at each step to ensure that

you are not doing more work than you have the capacity to

C)   Measure and optimize the flow of work through the system to

make continuous improvements

D) Hold Retrospective Meetings for improving your process

Correct answer: D

In particular, Kanban advocates that you: Visualize how the work flows through the system, Limit the work in process (WIP) at each step to ensure that you are not doing more work than you have the capacity to, Hold Retrospective Meetings for improving your process. It's ok to run Retrospective meetings, but this is not a must for Kanban.

When should we most likely re-estimate a story?

A)    When its relative size has changed 

B)    When a story took longer to implement than we thought

 C)    When a story took less time to implement than we thought

D)   When a story is a partially completed

Correct answer: A

Keeping in mind that story points and ideal time estimate the size, it gets easier to see that we should re-estimate only when we believe a story's relative size has changed.

It is possible that newly discovered tasks should take up so long that they could not be completed during an iteration. The team may need to reduce the functionality of a story or drop one entirely. With whom should they discuss the possible solutions in such a situation?

A)    Product Owner

B)   Scrum Master

C)   Upper Management

D)   Stakeholders

Correct answer: A

It is possible that newly discovered tasks will take long enough that they cannot be completed during an iteration. In that case, the team will need to discuss the situation with the Product Owner and see if there is still a way to meet the iteration goal; they may need to reduce the functionality of a story or drop one entirely.

John is a Java developer in XP Team. He is constantly fixing the build when other people break it. He is really upset and wants to get everyone to take continuous integration seriously. What advice would you give him?

A)    Talk to the team about continuous integration and try to explain

the importance of it. Discuss the trade-offs as a group,

collaboratively, and make a group decision

B)   The continuous integration practice is very important.

If the team members refuse to follow these rules, it's better to

leave the team and join the new one with strong

technical practices

C)   Give up the CI practice for a while and let the

emotions to subside

D)   Ask the XP Coach to punish the team members

Correct answer: A

It's possible that John's team members haven't altogether bought into the idea of continuous integration. There are many teams in which only one or two people have any interest in continuous integration. Sometimes they try to force continuous integration on their teams, usually by installing a continuous integration server without their consent. It's no surprise that the team should react to such behavior by ignoring broken builds. In fact, it may actually decrease their motivation to keep the build running clean. Talk to the team about continuous integration before trying to adopt it. Discuss all the trade-offs in a group, collaboratively, and make a group decision about applying it or not.

Which of the following does not pertain to the three categories of Kano's approach?

A)    Threshold, or must-have, features

B)   Linear features

C)   Non-linear feature

D)   Exciters and delighters

Correct answer: C

Kano's approach gives us a way to separate features into three categories: threshold or must-have features, linear features, exciters and delighters.

Lean Software Development focuses on the following principles, except for...

A)    Deciding as early as possible

B)   Eliminating waste

C)   Empowering the team

D)   Building integrity in

Correct answer: A

Lean Software Development focuses on seven principles: eliminating waste, amplifying learning, deciding as late as possible, delivering as fast as possible, empowering the team, building integrity in, and seeing the whole.

Under what methodology an agreement is most likely to emerge to the following effect: "we agree to deliver new features within 21 days with a 95% confidence limit"?

A)    XP

B)   Scrum

C)   RUP

D)   Kanban

Correct answer: D

Speed measurements in Kanban projects—time from release off a backlog into development until feature complete (tested, accepted)—are being used in service level agreements. Because of the strict work-in-process limits, agreements such as "we agree to deliver new features within 21 days with a 95% confidence limit" can be made.

If you're working on a project that has knowledge silos—in other words, little pockets of code that only one or two people understand—then collective code ownership might seem daunting. Which of XP practices addresses this problem best of all, coming in as a help to study the code that you are not familiar with?

A)    Coding Standards

B)    Continuous Integration

C)    Pair Programming

D)   Sustainable Pace

Correct answer: C

To begin, take advantage of pair programming. When somebody picks a task involving code you don't understand, volunteer to pair with him. When you work on a task, ask the local expert to pair with you. Similarly, if you need to work on some unfamiliar code, take advantage of your shared workspace to ask a question or two.

What abbreviation is used for describing the attributes of a good User Story?

A)    DEEP

B)   DRY

C)   YAGNI

D)   INVEST

Correct answer: D

To create good stories we focus on six attributes. A good story is: Independent, Negotiable, Valuable to users or customers, Estimable, Small, Testable.

A facilitated process, where team members sort out the order of the product backlog in ascending order from the smallest to the largest user story, with the rest of the team validating the same, while user stories are finally getting grouped by such a sizing method, as the 'T-shirt size' or the 'Fibonacci sequence', - is called:

A)    Affinity Estimating

B)   T-shirt estimating

C)   Wideband Delphi Estimating

D)   Delphi Estimating

Correct answer: A

This is an example of Affinity Estimating.

All the interruptions that may occur, while an Agile team is at work, can be referred to as ...

A)    Opportunity lost

B)   Low productivity or performance

C)   Difference between ideal and elapsed time

D)   Lack of management support

E)    Value-Driven Delivery by Mike Griffiths

 Which of the following is NOT an advantage of limiting work in progress (WIP)?

A. It reduces the potential need to rework a large collection of fl awed, partially completed items.

B. It helps optimize throughput to make processes work more efficiently.

C. It brings bottlenecks in the production process to the surface so they can be identified and resolved.

D. It maximizes resource utilization to make processes work more efficiently.

Answer: D

 Explanation: Since this question is looking for the answer that is NOT an advantage of limiting WIP, if an option is true, that means it is not the answer we are looking for. Limiting WIP does reduce the potential need for rework. It also improves process efficiency and helps us find production bottlenecks. The only option listed here that is NOT an advantage of limiting WIP is the one that refers to maximizing resource utilization. Limiting WIP focuses on optimizing throughput, not resources, and we may actually decrease resource optimization to get more throughput. 

Project X has a IRR of 12%, and project Y has a IRR of 10%. Which project represents the better rate of return?

A. It depends on the payback period

B. Project Y

C. Project X 

D. Project X or Y, depending on NPV

Answer: C

Explanation: The answer is project X, simply because it has the larger internal rate of return (IRR). We don’t need to consider the payback period or the NPV because the question asks which project has the better rate of return, which is its IRR. 

Which of the following is NOT a recognized prioritization scheme?

A. Prioritization based on business value

B. Prioritization based on reducing risk

C. Prioritization based on iteration velocity

D. Prioritization based on business value and risk

Answer: C

Explanation: To get the correct answer, we need to examine each option to find the one that is NOT a prioritization scheme (or that sounds least likely to be one). Prioritization based on business value is the most common prioritization method, so it is certainly a valid prioritization scheme. Prioritization based on risk is also a valid prioritization scheme. Likewise, prioritization based on both business value and risk is valid. The only option presented here that is NOT a valid prioritization scheme is iteration velocity. This term measures the work done and the team’s capacity; it is not a prioritization scheme. So prioritization based on iteration velocity is the correct answer.

What is a product roadmap?

A. A list of reports and screens

B. A view of release candidates

C. Instructions for deployment 

D. A backlog prioritization scheme

Answer: B

Explanation: Creating a product roadmap is a release planning technique. A roadmap is not a list of screens and reports, because we can build a roadmap for a product even if the project has no screens and reports. The other options of deployment instructions and a backlog prioritization scheme are also incorrect.

Which of the following is true about agile contracts?

A. They only work when the specs are fully defined.

B. They only work for time and materials agreements.

C. They can accommodate changes. 

D. They cannot easily accommodate changes.

Answer: C

Explanation: Since agile contracts have to take into account the difficulty of defining the required product characteristics in advance, they need to work even when the specs are not fully defined. Agile contracts can be used with time and materials agreements but they also work well for fixed price projects where a cost limit cannot be exceeded and functionality is trimmed to meet the budget. A major reason agile contracts were developed was to accommodate changes, so that is the correct answer. 

What is the present value of $8,000 in 4 years, if the interest rate is 5%?

A. $7,634

B. $6,775

C. $6,582

D. $6,5752 

Answer: C

Explanation: The unit of currency makes no difference in calculating present value; whether dollars, the formula is still = FV / (1 + r)n. So if the interest rate is 5%, $8,000 in 4 years will be worth $8,000 / (1 + 0.05)4, which equals $6,582. 

We put risks in the backlog to:

A. Avoid having to keep separate risk lists

B. Keep the team focused on risks

C. Ensure that they get worked on in the early iterations

D. Prevent the team from forgetting about the risks

Answer: C

Explanation: The unit of currency makes no difference in calculating present value; whether dollars, the formula is still = FV / (1 + r)n. So if the interest rate is 5%, $8,000 in 4 years will be worth $8,000 / (1 + 0.05)4, which equals $6,582. 

We put risks in the backlog to:

A. Avoid having to keep separate risk lists

B. Keep the team focused on risks

C. Ensure that they get worked on in the early iterations

D. Prevent the team from forgetting about the risks

Answer: C

Explanation: Here we have a few reasonable choices to consider, but only one option is the main reason. Putting risks in the backlog does prevent us from having to maintain a separate list, but that is not the reason we do it. It also helps keep the team focused on the risk, but again, that is not the main reason we do it. Preventing the team from forgetting about the risk is a lot like the previous idea, and is also not the real reason we put risks into the backlog. Instead, the main reason is to ensure that those items get worked on in early iterations, since delivering value early also means removing opportunities for value reduction. 

On Saturday morning, Tom and his young son Tim make cupcakes together. Although Tom does not like cupcakes, he values the 30 minutes with his son that it takes to make them. Tim thinks that making the cupcakes is a chore, but he really values the 5 minutes that he spends eating them. What are the process cycle efficiencies for Tom and Tim?

A. 86% and 14%

B. 14% and 86%

C. 50% and 50%

D. 5% and 30%

Answer: A

 Explanation: This question involves two separate calculations of process cycle efficiency—one for Tom, who considers the baking process to be the value-added time, and one for Tim, who considers the eating process to be the value-added time. To work out the process cycle efficiency, we need to know both the total cycle time and the value-added time. The total cycle time is the same for both of them: 30 + 5 = 35 minutes. The formula for calculating the process cycle efficiency is:  Process cycle efficiency = Value-added time / Total cycle time.  For Tom, who values the baking time with his son, the process cycle efficiency is 30 / 35, or 86%. For Tim, who values actually eating the cupcakes, the process cycle efficiency is 5 / 35, or 14%. Therefore, “86% and 14%” is correct. The option that reverses those answers is incorrect, since the question asked for the efficiencies of Tom and Tim, not Tim and Tom. The other options are incorrect.

Which of the following combinations is a valid mix for story prioritization?

A. Customer importance and business urgency

B. Risk reduction and technical dependency

C. Customer value and risk reduction

D. Team preference and customer value

Answer: C

Explanation: Here we need to eliminate the incorrect options to find the remaining valid

combination. At first glance, “customer importance and business urgency” sounds like it might be a plausible option—but since both components are based on the customer’s preference, they are similar enough that this isn’t really a valid mix. “Risk reduction and technical dependency” can be eliminated because this combination doesn’t take into account the customer’s priorities—a mix is not balanced (and therefore not valid) if it doesn’t consider value to the customer. “Team preference and customer value” is not a valid mix because team preference is not a valid selection criteria on its own. Although the team might prioritize a story for good reasons (for example, because it reduces risk), we don’t know that from the question. The correct option is “business value and risk reduction.” These are the classic elements that we seek to balance in prioritizing work, so this option is the most valid story prioritization mix of the choices given here. 

 To cut costs, company X has decided to cancel one of its money-losing projects. Project A has a IRR of –4%, project B has a IRR of –5%, and project C has a IRR of –6%. Which project should be cut?

A. The more negative the results are, the better, so cut project A.

B. Less-negative results are bad, so cut project B.

C. To reduce losses, choose project C. 

D. Cancel projects A, B, and C, as they are all losing money

Answer: C

Explanation: Without more information, such as ROI (return on investment, but we are actually looking at loss instead of return in this case), the logical option is to cut the project that has the highest rate of loss. This means that we would cut project C, since it has the largest negative internal rate of return. Canceling all the projects is not the answer, since the question says that company X has decided to cancel ONE of its projects. On the exam, look out for questions like this that appear to present multiple “correct” answers but include information within the question that rules out certain choices.

What is asked at a daily scrum meeting?

1. What is your current status?
2. What % complete is your current task?
3. What did you do yesterday?
4. What will you do today? 
5. What is your favorite color?
6. Do you have any roadblocks?
7. How many hours did you work yesterday?

What are the roles on a Scrum project? 

1. Scrum Master
2. Resource Manager
3. Team Member
4. Project Manager
5. Product Owner
6. Business Analyst

Who is responsible for risk management on an agile project? 

1. The product owner
2. The ScrumMaster
3. XP Customer
4. The team
5. The project manager

1. XP Coach
2. XP Project Manager
3. XP Customer
4. XP Tracker
5. XP Sponsor
6. XP Tester

What should the team do? 

1. Story 1
2. Story 2
3. Story 3 
4. Story 4
5. Story 5
6. Story 6
7. Story 7

In XP a _____ is used to communicate architecture and design. 

1. UML
2. SRS
3. Architecture Diagram
4. Metaphor 
5. Power Point
6. Sticky note

According to the Agile Manifesto, _________ is the primary measure of progress, on an agile project.

1. Percent complete
2. Critical path progress
3. Working software
4. Customer Satisfaction
5. Tests passing
6. Defect resolution

The practice of improving a design without changing how the product functions is called _______.

1. Rework
2. Refactoring
3. UPcoding
4. Elicitation
5. Continuous Integration

Which of the following is NOT an XP Value?

1. Simplicity
2. Courage 
3. Focus
4. Communication
5. Respect

What is the main planning process used in XP?

1. Iteration Planning 
2. Sprint Planning
3. Planning Game
4. Planning Poker

Scrum is a minimal, lightweight, framework. 

1. Sprint backlog
2. Software Requirements Specification
3. Gantt Chart
4. Sticky notes
5. Product Backlog
6. Burn down chart

Answer: A, E, F

The artifact \"Sprint Burndown chart\" has been replaced in the Scrum Guide by \"an Increment of working software\" but in the ACP Exam it is still based on the old answer \"Sprint Burndown chart\" you should know this for the exam.

At regular intervals, the team reflects on how to become more effective, then tunes and adjusts its behavior accordingly.

1. Lesson's learned
2. Post Mortem
3. Project Review
4. Sprint post mortem
5. Retrospective 

Which of the following is (are) not a step(s) in Value Stream Analysis:

1. Seek Perfection
2. obtain consensus on a time box
3. Identify the product or service to be mapped
4. Look for ways to create flow
5. Look for ways to establish push

Which of the following is a facilitator of Osmotic communication?

1. Story cards
2. Collocation
3. Continuous Integration
4. Definition of Done
5. Retrospective

According to the Agile Manifesto what is the most effective form of communication?

1. Clear Documentation
2. Story Cards
3. minimum necessary
4. Face-to-face

According to the Agile Manifesto Principles Our highest priority is to satisfy the customer through early ...

1. Definition of requirements
2. Delivery of Valuable Software
3. Documentation of Customer need
4. Definition of Value

Kaizen means...

 A.    Continuous Improvement (A)

B.    A method for flowing work (B)

C.    A peaceful environment (C)

D.    Work completed (D)

Continuous Attention to what, enhances agility?

1. Good Design
2. Customer Value
3. Technical Excellence
4. Collaboration