Term
|
Definition
design program according to individual needs
recognize conditions that preclude client from safely doing Pilates
direct clients to seek medical advice as necessary
receive exercise guidelines/clearance when appropriate document progress and cooperate with referring MD promote exercise to improve health
request permission to touch clients
use appropriate touch to facilitate movement |
|
|
Term
Outside Scope of Practice |
|
Definition
prescribing diagnosing training client with condition beyond your knowledge claiming to treat/rehabilitate measuring with instrumentation progress of clients counseling offering services beyond your credentials inappropriate touch training clients with certain conditions (dizziness, etc.) |
|
|
Term
Guiding Pilates Principles |
|
Definition
Whole Body Health
Whole Body Commitment
Breath |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Whole Body Movement
Breathing
Balanced Muscle Development
Concentration
Control
Centering
Breathing
Rhythm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
How the body is organized to move |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Coordination Strength Mobility Efficient Movement Flowing Movement Proper Posture Mental and Spiritual Rejuvenation Self Awareness Self Confidence Restoration of natural animal movement Integration of mind, body and spirit Sense of Well-Being Enhanced Quality of Life |
|
|
Term
Physiology and Structure of Bones |
|
Definition
Calcified connective tissue consisting of Osteocytes in a matrix of ground substance and collagen fibers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Long Bones
Short Bones
Flat Bones
Irregular Bones
Sesamoid Bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Longer than they are wide |
|
|
Term
Bones that are Long Bones |
|
Definition
Clavicle
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Femur
Tibia
Fibula
Metacarpals
Phalanges |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Wider than they are long, often shaped as cubes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ribs
Sternum
Scapulae
Bones in the vault of the skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Bones of mixed shape such as bones in the skull, vertabrae and pelvic bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Imbedded in certain tendons and work to reduce friction or pressure on tendons, protecting from exessive wear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Moveable
Non-moveable
Synovial
Ball and Socket
Hinge
Pivot
Condyloid
Saddle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
also known as synovial and diathroidal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Joined by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
freely moveable joint containing a fluid filled cavity between the bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The ball shaped surface of one rounded bone fits into the concave depression of the other bone. Allows movement in all directions |
|
|
Term
Two Ball and Socket Joints |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Include a process where one bone fits into a ring structure on another, rotational movement, where the atlas meets the axis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Both surfaces are essentially flat, limited movement |
|
|
Term
Two sets of Sliding/Gliding Joints |
|
Definition
Ribs & Vertabrae
Scapula & Clavicle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Oval-shaped process of one bone fits into the elliptical cavity of another, movement in two planes (flexion/extension, abduction/adduction), wrist or atlas/occiput |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Both surfaces are saddle shaped, movement in two planes, thumb joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gross movements of bones at joints, flexion, extension, abduction, adduction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Small movements between joint surfaces, distraction, compression, sliding, gliding, rolling or spinning of joint surfaces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Accompanies active motion but is not voluntary |
|
|
Term
Examples of Component Motion |
|
Definition
Upward rotation of scapula, clavicle rotation that occurs with shoulder flextion
Rotation of the fibula that occurs with ankle rotation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
24 vertabrae, sacrum & coccyx seperated by discs and cartilage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cylindrical shaped bones in which the flattened to top and bottom surfaces interface with the intervertebral discs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Located between the Head and Thorax
C1 - C7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Atlas, acts as washer between skull and C2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Axis, had vertical projection called the dens that increased stability of the upper cervical spine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Located in the thorax
T1 to T12
Larger than cervical vertabrae, oriented towards flexion and ariculate with ribs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Located between the thorax and the pelvic
L1 to L5
Largest of vertebral bones, oriented toward extension
Support the weight of the upper body
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Triangle shaped bone at the base of the spine
Five seperate bones that fuse before birth
Provides a promontary to support the lumbar spine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Several small fused bones located at the bottom of the sacrum, the tailbone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ring of bones that support the spine and abdominal contents |
|
|
Term
Bones that make up the Pelvis |
|
Definition
Sacrum
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
Coccyx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Long, flat bone where the front portion of the ribs connect in front of the heart and lungs, breast bone |
|
|
Term
Three parts of the Sternum |
|
Definition
Manubrium
Sternum
Xiphoid Process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
12 sets of curved bones that surround the thoracic cavety, connected from the sternum to the thoracic vertabrae. Ribs 11 and 12 are floating and only attached to the thoracic vertabrae, not to the sternum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Collarbone, connects the scapla to the sternum. Hold the shoulder in place during arm movement. |
|
|
Term
Two Joints of the Clavicle |
|
Definition
Sternoclavicular
Acromioclavicular |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flat, triangular shapped bone located on the upper back ribcage, provides attachment for the humerus (upper arm bone). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Subscapular Fossa - front
Spine - prominent edge of the back surface
Acromion Process - joins with the scapula to form the acrominoclacicular joint
Coracoid Process - projection from the front top
Glenoid Cavity - oval depression on the lateral scapula, forming the proximal surface of the glenohumeral joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Longest, heaviest bone in the body. Smooth round head articulates with the acetabalum to form the hip joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Upper, lateral process of the top end of the femur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lower, medial process fo the top end of the femur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Medial and lateral rounded shapes at the end of the femur that articulate with the tibia (large bone in lower leg) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sesamoid bone, provides attachment for the quadriceps that fit into the grove between the two condules of the femur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Large bone in the lower leg. The proximal end articulates with the femur and distal end articulates with the talus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rounded bump at the distal end of the tibia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Small bone in lower leg, articulates with the tibia but not the femur. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The rounded bump at the lateral, distal end of the ankle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
five irregular shaped bones the navicular, cuneiforms 1, 2 and 3, and the cuboid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Five metatarsarsals and 14 phalanges |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
5 large bones connecting the three cuneiforms and cuboid to the phalanges |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
14 small long bones that form the toes, two in the big toe, three in the other four toes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Upper arm bone, the top is the ball of the shoulder ball and socket joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Smaller of the two forearm bones, rotates around the ulna |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Larger of the two forearm bones, is fixed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
8 irregular shaped bones of the wrist --- scaphod, lunae, triquetrum, trapezium, trapezoid, pisiform, hamate and capitate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
5 long bones between the carpals and the phalanges of the palm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
14 long bones that form the fingers, two in the thumb, three in the other four |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Anterior Superior Illia Spine
Projection of the ilium at the front of the pelvis
Top of the hip bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Posterior Superior Iliac Spine
Projection of the ilium at the back of the pelvis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Outward and upward flaring ridge of the pelvis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sitz Bones
The lower rounded surface of the pelvis that provide muscular attachment and weith bearing in sitting.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pubic Bone
Lower front portion of the pelvic bones connected by a cartiliaginous disc. |
|
|
Term
Spinous Process of the Spine |
|
Definition
Long posterior projection from each vertabrae providing the site for muscular attachment |
|
|
Term
Transfer Processes of the Spine |
|
Definition
Flaps of bone projecting from the sides of the vertabrae providing sites for muscular attachment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Point of the scapula that joins with the clavicle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Projectiong from the front top portion of the scapula |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Oval concave surface ont he scapula that joins ith the humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Back projection of the scapula |
|
|
Term
Inferior Angle of the Scapula |
|
Definition
Bottom point of the scapula |
|
|
Term
Superior Edge of the Scapula |
|
Definition
Top, medial point of the scapula |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Unites synchondoses or primary cartiledge such as manubrium and the sternum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Joins symphysis or secondary cartilage by a plate such as the union of the bondies of the vertabrae or the right and left pubis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Joins symphysis or secondary cartilage by a plate such as the union of the bondies of the vertabrae or the right and left pubis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Joins symphysis or secondary cartilage by a plate such as the union of the bondies of the vertabrae or the right and left pubis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tubular sacs wrapped around tendons that occur where tendons pass under ligaments and retinaculs. Faciltate movement by limiting friction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flattened, fluid filled sace encased by a synovial membrame that facilitates movement by limitng friction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dense bundles of parallel collagen fibers that hold two bones together, providing strength and stability to a joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extensions of a msucle into a long fibrous cord that blends into the perosteum of a bone, connecting muscle to bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Loose connective tissue between the dermis and the deep facia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sheet of collagenous fibrous tissue that surrounds and supports muscles, blood vessels and nerves. Serves to bind some structures together or allow other surfaces to glide smoothly against each other. Provide origins and insertions for muscles, tendons and fibrous sheaths. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a muscle that produces a given movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a muscle that produces the opposite movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
muscles that work together to produce the smae movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
muscle generates constant force and shortens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
muscle generates increased force without changing length |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
overall shortening of the muscle that occurs as it generates tension and contracts against resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lengenthening of the muscle that occurs as it develops tension and contracts to control motion against resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
site of muscle attachment, the larger and more proximal of the two sites of attachment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Site of muscle attachment, often the smaller and more distal site of the two sites of attachment |
|
|
Term
Muscles of Respiration (Breathting) |
|
Definition
Diaphragm
Intercostals
Scalenes
Levator Costarum
Transversus Abdominus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Attaches to lower ribs and upper lumbar vertabrae
Primary muscle of respiration (breathing) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
External, internal and innermost
Between adjacent ribs
Expand the ribcage on inhalation
Contract the ribcage on exhalation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
originates C7 - T11, assist in rib elevation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Deepest of abdominal muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Provides support for the pelvic organs, maintains continence and contributs to control intra-abdominal pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produce spinal extension, side bending and rotation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces lumbar extension and side bending, elevation of the pelvis and stabilization of the 12 rib during forced expiration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces spinal extension, side bending and rotation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Upper fibers produce cervical extension, scapular elevation and upward rotations. Middle fibers produce scapular retraction and lower fibers produce scapular depression and assist with upward rotation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces scapular retraction, elevation and downward rotation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces scapular retraction, elevation and downward rotation, the same as the major. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces spinal flexion and compression of the abdominal contents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces spinal flexion, side bending, contra rotation and compression of the abdominal contents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces spinal flexion, side bending, contral rotation and compression of the abdominal contents. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flexes and externally rotates the femur. Unilateral contraction can produce side bending of the spine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces hip joint flexion, in a closed chain flexes the pelvis or trunk |
|
|
Term
Rectus Captious Posterior Major |
|
Definition
Bilateral produces cervical extension, unilaterally produces ipsilateral rotation |
|
|
Term
Rectus Captious Posterior Minor |
|
Definition
serves as connective tissue bridge to the spinal dura and helps protect the dura, contributes to increase proprioception and balance, products cervical extension |
|
|
Term
Obliques Capitus Superior |
|
Definition
Bilaterally produces cervical extension, unilaterally produces ipsilateral side bending |
|
|
Term
Obliques Capitus Inferior |
|
Definition
Produces ipsilateral rotation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces cervical flexion and assists in cervical rotation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Unilaterally acts to side bend and rotate the cervical spine, ipsilateral, bilaterally acts to flex the cervical spine, elevate the sternum and assist in forced inspiration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Stabilizes the scapula, performs scapular protraction and assists with upward rotation of the scapula |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Elevates, adducts and upwardly rotates the scapula and extends the cervical spine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flexes, adducts and medially rotates the humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Stabilizes the scapula against the thoracic wall |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Abducts the arm, flexes, extends and medially and laterally rotates the humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Elevates and assists in the downward rotation of the scapula |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extends, adducts and medially rotates the humerus and draws the shoulder inferiorly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flexes and adducts the humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor Subscapularis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Laterally rotates the humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Laterally rotates and adducts the humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Medially rotates the humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flexes the elbow and supinates the forearm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extends the elbow and the long head assists with shoulder extension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pronates the forearm and flexes the elbow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Longus and Brevis extend and abduct the wrist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extend and adducts the wrist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flexes and abducts the wrist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extends the wrist and fingers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flexes and extends the fingers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flex the MCP joints and extends the fingers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Abducts and extends the thumb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
outside of leg ASIS to ITB, produces abduction, flexion and medial rotation of the thigh, tightens the ITB, stabilizes the pelvis and braces the knee particularly when the opposite leg is lifted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Iliac crest to the tibia and fibula, provides attachment for the gluteus maximus and TFL, extends, abducts and latererally rotates the hip, acts to stabilize the knee |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ASIS to tibia, produces femoral flexion, lateral rotation and abduction and knee flexion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
One of quadricep muscles, ASIS to patella, flexes the hip and extends the knee |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Externally rotates and extends the hip, stabilizes the knee by tensioning the ITB |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces hip extension, knee flexion and lateral rotation of the tibia if the knee is flexed |
|
|
Term
Biceps Femoris Short Head |
|
Definition
Produces knee flexion and lateral rotation of the tibia if the knee is flexed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces hip extension, knee flexion and tibia rotation if the knee is flexed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces hip extension, knee flexion and tibia rotation if the knee is flexed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Originates at sacrum inserts at greater trochanter, externally rotates the hip and horizontally abducts the hip when flexed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces hip abduction, anterior fibers internally rotate the hip and posterior fibers externally rotate the hip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Originates at inner pelvis and inserts at the greater trochanter, externally rotates the hip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Originates at outer pelvis and inserts at the trochanter, externally rotates the hip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Originates at the upper sitz bones and inserts at the greater trochanter, externally rotates the hip and assists with hip abduction when the hip is flexed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Original from the outside of the sitz bones and inserts at the greater trochanter, externally rotates the hip and assists with hip abduction when the hip is flexed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Originates frat he outside of the sitz bones and inserts at the greater trochanter, externally rotates the hip and assists with hip abduction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces hip abduction and anterior fibers internally rotate the hip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|