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| New England Confederation (1643 |
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| after the Pequot War, by Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, New Haven, and Connecticut for protection against the Indians. |
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| Workers would sign labor contracts, usually for seven years, in return their passage to the colonies would be paid. Usually the servant received a piece of land at the end of the contract. |
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| Founded in 1636 by the Puritans to train young men for the ministry, Harvard is the oldest college in the United States. |
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| Called King Philip by the English, formed an alliance of Indian tribes to fight against English encroachment. When the war ended in 1676, his wife and son were sold as slaves and his head was carried back to Plymouth. |
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| King Philip’s War (1675-76 |
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| A series of Indian attacks on towns in New Hampshire, led by a chief known as King Philip. The war was started when the Massachusetts government tried to assert court jurisdiction over the local Indians |
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| Imposed by English rule from London the Dominion of New England replaced the New England Confederation. The organization included the colonies of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, and Connecticut into a single province headed by a royal governor Sir Edmund Andros. Intended to ensure the defense of the colonies, the Dominion collapsed when the colonists heard of the Glorious Revolution. |
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| The heavy-handed governor of the Dominion of New England from 1686 until 1692. He restricted the press and town meetings and his tactless nature infuriated the colonists. After news of the Glorious Revolution the colonists rebelled and forced him to return to England. |
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| Nathaniel Bacon led a group of Virginia settlers were angry at Virginia Governor Berkley marched on Jamestown and burned the city. The farmers were angry over land shortages and Indian policies. The rebellion ended suddenly when Bacon died of an illness. |
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| Leisler’s Rebellion (1689 |
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| A rebellion led by a German merchant in New York against the officials representing the Dominion of New England. Leisler was executed as a traitor. |
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| A slave uprising in South Carolina that was brutally suppressed by the authorities. |
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| Great Awakening (1730s-60s) |
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| A series of evangelical revivals because preachers like Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield were concerned about the loss of piety and the impact of the Enlightenment. |
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| The leading theological mind in the colonies, Edwards lectured during the Great Awakening, on the need for complete dependence on God’s grace. His most famous sermon is Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, which speaks of the torments of Hell for those that do not follow the true way of God. |
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| In Salem, Massachusetts several young girls claimed that older women in the community had bewitched them. The subsequent inquiry (witch hunt) found 20 people guilty and had 19 hanged and one crushed. |
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| - John Peter Zenger published articles in his newspaper that criticized the corrupt British governor William Cosby. Zenger was charged with libel and put on trial. He was defended by Alexander Hamilton and found not guilty. The case established freedom of the press in the colonies. |
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| Queen Anne’s War (1702-1713) |
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| One of a series of wars between the English and the French. Both sides used Indian allies to wage a guerilla war against the other. Neither Britain nor France wanted to send troops to the colonies to fight. |
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| - Ended Queen Anne’s War. Britain received Arcadia (renamed Nova Scotia), Newfoundland, and Hudson Bay. After the war the English basically ignored the colonies for decades in what was seen as salutary neglect |
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| War of Jenkin’s Ear (1739-1743) |
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| Fight between the Spanish and the British in the Caribbean but closely affect Georgia. In Georgia, Oglethorpe fought the Spanish. The war became part of the larger War of Austrian Succession (1740-8). |
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| King George’s War (1744-1748 |
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| The name for the War of Austrian Succession in colonies. France allied with Spain against Britain. The British captured the French fortress at Louisbourg, but gave it back in the treaty of 1748. |
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