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| An economic program designed by Henry Clay during the Jackson administration. The system was based on the idea that each region of the country should act as a market for the other regions. His plan called for a national bank, a system of roads and canals, and tariffs on imported goods. |
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| Refers to the alleged deal by which Henry Clay was awarded the position of secretary of state in return for getting the presidency fro John Quincy Adams. |
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| (1830) The Maysville Road Bill was proposed by Henry Clay to build a road in Kentucky at federal expense. Jackson vetoed it because he did not like Clay, and Martin Van Buren pointed out that New York and Pennsylvania paid for their transportation improvements with state money. Applied strict interpretation of the Constitution by saying that the federal government could not pay for internal improvements as it did not benefit interstate commerce. |
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| Started in 1817 and finished in 1825, the canal stretched from Buffalo to the Hudson River and New York. Built under the leadership of Governor DeWitt Clinton the waterway opened the Great Lakes. |
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| A former slave accused of planning a slave revolt in 1822. The authorities stopped the revolt by arresting the leaders and hanging the leaders, including Vesey. |
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| (1828) - Also called Tariff of 1828, proposed by Jacksonian Democrats, it raised the tariff on imported manufactured goods. The tariff protected the North but harmed the South by placing prohibitively high tariffs on imported raw material. The South said that the tariff was economically discriminatory and unconstitutional because it violated state's rights. |
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| South Carolina Exposition and Protest |
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| Written by Vice-President Calhoun the essay South Carolina Exposition and Protest, justified the idea of states’ right. It was written in reaction to the Tariff of 1828, which he claimed violated the rights of the people in the south. Calhoun said states had a right to declare federal legislation null and void. South Carolina had threatened to secede if the tariff was not revoked; Calhoun suggested state nullification as a more peaceful solution. |
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| The derogatory name given to Jackson’s advisors. Jackson tended to favor his friends and not his appointed cabinet; however, other presidents followed Jackson’s example. |
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| Gave President Jackson the authority to invade a state if it was necessary to enforce federal law. |
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| By 1838 thousands of Cherokees had made the move westward to Indian Territory. Over four thousands Indians died from neglect or exhaustion of the march |
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| Political party that battled the Democrats between 1834 and 1852 and was created as an anti-Jackson party. Many of the Whigs were German and British immigrants who opposed slavery. |
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| Was issued by President specie (gold Jackson to stop land speculation caused by states printing paper money without proper or silver) backing it. The Circular required that the purchase of public lands be paid for in specie. It stopped the land speculation in the west and the sale of public lands went down sharply. Led to the panic of 1837. |
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