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PLAP Chapter 8
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16
Political Studies
Undergraduate 1
02/07/2010

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Term
Twenty-second amendment
Definition
adopted in 1951, prevents a president from serving more than two terms, or more than ten years if he came into office via the death or impeachment of his predecessor
Term
impeachment
Definition
the power of the president to the House of Representatives in the Constitution to charge the president, vice president or other "civil officers," including federal judges, with "Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors." This is the first step in the constitutional process of removing such government officials from office
Term
executive privilege
Definition
an implied presidential power that allows the president to refuse to disclose information regarding confidential conversations or national security to Congress or the judiciary
Term
U.S. v. Nixon
Definition
key Supreme Court ruling on power of the president, finding that there is no absolute constitutional executive privilege to allow a president to refuse to comply with a court order to produce information needed in a criminal trial
Term
Twenty-Fifth Amendment
Definition
adopted in 1967 to establish procedures for filling vacancies in the office of president and vice president as well as providing for procedures to deal with the disability of a president
Term
Cabinet
Definition
the formal body of presidential advisers who head the fifteen executive departments. Presidents often add others to this body of formal advisers
Term
executive agreement
Definition
formal government agreement entered into by the president that does not require the advise and consent of the U.S. Senate
Term
veto power
Definition
the formal, constitutional authority of the president to reject bills passed by both houses of Congress, thus preventing them from becoming law without further congressional action
Term
line-item veto
Definition
the authority of the chief executive to delete part of a bill passed by the legislature that involves taxing or spending. Ruled unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court
Term
War Powers Act
Definition
Passed by Congress in 1973; the president is limited in the deployment of troops overseas to a sixty-day period in peacetime (which can be extended for an extra thirty days to permit withdrawal) unless Congress explicitly gives its approval for a longer period
Term
pardon
Definition
an executive grant providing restoration of all rights and privileges of citizenship to a specific individual charged or convicted of a crime
Term
inherent powers
Definition
powers that belong to the national government simply because it is a sovereign body
Term
New Deal
Definition
the name given to the program of "Relief, Recovery, Reform" begun by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1933 to bring the United States out of the Great Depression
Term
Executive Office of the President (EOP)
Definition
created in 1939 to help the president oversee the executive branch bureaucracy
Term
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
Definition
the office that prepares the president's annual budget proposal, reviews the budget and programs of the executive departments, supplies economic forecasts, and conducts detailed analyses of proposed bills and agency rules
Term
executive order
Definition
a rule or regulation issued by the president that has the effect of law. all executive orders must be published in the Federal Register
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