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Plants-Bozemanbiology-Ginny Keith
Chapter 31, Biology Concepts & Connections
27
Biology
10th Grade
04/19/2012

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Term
Angiosperm
Definition
Flowering Plant
Term
Monocot
Definition
Angiosperm embryo that has 1 seed leaf, leaves with parallel lines, stems with vascular bundles in complex arrangements, floral parts in multiples of three, and a fibrous root system.
Term
Dicot
Definition
Angiosperm embryo that has 2 seed leaves, leaves that have branched veins, and stems with vascular bundles in a ring
Term
Cotyledons
Definition
Embryonic leaves.
Term
Root System
Definition
Anchors the plant in the soil, absorbs and transports minerals and nutrients, and stores food.
Term
Root Hairs
Definition
Increase surface area in roots for absorption.
Term
Shoot System
Definition
Leaves, stem, and flowers.
Term
Nodes
Definition
Where the leaves are attached to stems.
Term
Internodes
Definition
Portions of stem between nodes (no leaves attached).
Term
Leaves
Definition
Photosynthetic organs.
Term
Terminal Bud
Definition
While growing, its is at the apex and is developing leaves, nodes, and internodes.
Term
Axillary Buds
Definition
The angle formed by the leaf and stem, usually dormant.
Term
Apical Dominance
Definition
Terminal bud secretes hormones to inhibit growth of Axillary bud to increase exposure to sunlight.
Term
Dermal Tissue System
Definition
The outer covering of plants.
Term
Cuticle
Definition
Epidermis of plants that is a waxy-like coating that prevents water loss.
Term
Vascular Tissue System
Definition
Provides support and long distance transport. Composed of xylem and phloem tissue.
Term
Ground Tissue System
Definition
Fills the spaces and is the bulk of the plant. Composed of pith and cortex.
Term
Stomata
Definition
Openings for gas exchange, size controlled by guard cells.
Term
Mesophyll
Definition
Ground cells of the leaf, between two epidermis.
Term
Parenchyma Cells
Definition
Metabolic functions, i.e. photosynthesis, respiration, food storage
Term
Collenchyma Cells
Definition
Provides flexible support for growing plants.
Term
Sclerenchyma Cells
Definition
Provides a rigid skeleton for plants that have stopped growing.
Term
Water-conducting Cells
Definition
Tracheids and Vessel Elements. Hollow and lie end to end. Make up xylem.
Term
Sieve-tube members
Definition
Conduct food, alive but lacking organelles. Make up phloem.
Term
Indeterminate Growth
Definition
Growth as long as organism is alive (plants).
Term
Meristem
Definition
Cells that divide quickly creating new cells.
Term
Primary Growth
Definition
Occurs at Apical Meristems, growth upwards.
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