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Plant Vocab 1
Words 1-34
34
Biology
11th Grade
11/10/2007

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Term
angiosperm
Definition
flowering plant (vessel seed)
Term
monocot
Definition
A plant having only one cotyledon (single cup)
Term
dicot
Definition
Plants with two cotyledons (two cups)
Term
xylem
Definition
The principal water-conducting tissue and the chief supporting system of higher plants
Term
phloem
Definition
The principal food-conducting tissue in vascular plants
Term
taproot
Definition
Main root of a primary-root system. It grows vertically downward
Term
fibrous root
Definition
"A root system made up of many threadlike members of more or less equal length,"
Term
root hairs
Definition
A thin hairlike outgrowth of an epidermal cell of a plant root that absorbs water and minerals from the soil
Term
apical dominance
Definition
Inhibition of the growth of lateral buds by the terminal bud of a plant shoot
Term
petiole
Definition
The stalk by which a leaf is attached to a stem
Term
blade
Definition
The broad flat part of a leaf
Term
parenchyma
Definition
A ground tissue chiefly concerned with the manufacture and storage of food
Term
collenchyma
Definition
"A primary, or early differentiated, supporting tissue of young shoot parts appearing while these parts are still elongating"
Term
sclerenchyma
Definition
Single cells or aggregates of cells whose principal function is thought to be mechanical support of plants or plant parts
Term
sieve tubes
Definition
"A series of cells joined end to end, forming a tube through which nutrients are conducted in flowering plants and brown algae"
Term
meristem
Definition
"In plants, region of cells capable of division and growth"
Term
root cap
Definition
A thimble-shaped mass of cells that covers and protects the root tip
Term
zone of cell division
Definition
the zone in which cells divide
Term
zone of elongation
Definition
the area when cells can become specialized to perform a certain function
Term
zone of maturation
Definition
the zone where plant matures
Term
stele
Definition
the central part of the root or stem containing the vascular tissue
Term
cortex
Definition
"he tissue of unspecialized cells lying between the epidermis (surface cells) and the vascular, or conducting, tissues of stems and roots"
Term
endodermis
Definition
The innermost layer of the cortex that forms a sheath around the vascular tissue of roots and some stems
Term
vascular bundle
Definition
A strandlike part of the plant vascular system containing xylem and phloem
Term
transpiration
Definition
"Loss of water from a plant, mainly through the stomata"
Term
stomata
Definition
pores in the epidermis of a leaf or stem through which gases and water vapor pass
Term
guard cells
Definition
the paired epidermal cells that control the opening and closing of a stoma in plant tissue
Term
mesophyll
Definition
"The photosynthetic tissue of a leaf, located between the upper and lower epidermis"
Term
vascular cambium
Definition
A lateral meristem that produces secondary xylem to the inside and secondary phloem to the outside
Term
symplast
Definition
the inner side of the plasma membrane in which water (and low molecular solutes) can freely diffuse
Term
apoplast
Definition
the free diffusional space outside the plasma membrane
Term
casparian strip
Definition
"a band of wall material in the radial and transverse walls of the endodermis, which is chemically different from the rest of the wall"
Term
translocation
Definition
The rearrangement of genetic material within the same chromosome
Term
sugar source
Definition
the source of where sugar comes from (sucrose)
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