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Plant test 2
hospital for sinners and a museum for saints
35
Architecture
3rd Grade
10/09/2012

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Term
Family Violaceae
Definition
Perennial herb
Leaves (alternate, simple)
Flowers (zygomorphic, usually nodding, sometimes cleistogamous) nectar spur
Fruit ( loculicidal capsule or berry)
Term
Apiaceae
(umbelliferae)
Definition
often aromatic
Leaves and stem ( sheathing leaf bases, furrowed stems)
Compound Umbel
actinomorphic
Stylopodium
Fruit (shizocarp split into 2 mericarps
Term
Crassulaceae
Definition
succulent herb
Leaves ( simple and fleshy )
Flowers ( actinomorphic )
Fruit ( Follicle )
Term
Onagraceae
Definition
Primrose family
Leaves simple
Flowers ( epigynous, clawed petals epigynous )
axile placentation
Fruit ( loculicidal , sometimes berry or nutlet)
Term
Fabaceae
(Leguminosae)
Definition
Leaves ( alternate, usually compound)
Flowers (unicarpellate, ovary superior)
Fruit ( legume or loment)
nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root nodules
Term
Subfamily Mimosoideae
Definition
bipinnately compound leaves
Flowers ( showy stames 5-merous)
Fruit ( legume with U shaped line in seeds)
Pleurogram present
Term
Subfamily Caesalpiniodeae
Definition
zygomorphic flower with 10 distinct stamen
fruit is a legume usually lacking U shaped line in seed
Term
Subfamily Faboideae
(Papilionoideae)
Definition
Herbs trees and shrubs
often with tendrils
zygomorphic flowers with monadelphous or diadelphous stamens
Fruit (legume or loment seeds without U-shaped line)
Term
Geraniaceae
Definition
Geranium family
Leaves ( lobed, dissected or compound )
Flowers ( petals often alternate with nectar glands) Axile
Fruit ( shizocarp one mericaps spiralling up central beak )
Term
Euphorbiaceae
Definition
milky latex
stipules can be modified into glands, hairs, or spines
Flowers ( imperfect plants usually monoecieous )
normal flower (perianth 5-merous
Euphorbia flower (cyathium inflorescence several male flowers and a single female flower)
Fruit ( shizocarp [each of 3 lobes falls off as a mericarp and seeds often mottled)
Term
Grossulariaceae
Definition
shrubs often with spines (gooseberry)
Leaves ( variously lobed often fascicled)
Flowers ( in racemes or subsolitary, rotate to tubular hypanthium petaloid calyx )
Fruit ( berry, persistant calyx )
Term
Rosaceae
Definition
5-merous flower, many flowers
hypanthium present
Term
Subfamily Spiraeoideae
Definition
mostly shrubs and small trees
only subfamily without stipules
Fruit (follicles, capsule, and rarely an achene)
Term
subfamily Rosoidaea
Definition
many shrubs and some herbs
Leaves (can be compound or simple)
Flower (polycarpous gynoecium)
Fruit (achene, durplet, strawberry)
Term
subfamily Amygdaloideae
Definition
all woody
leaves and stem ( finely serrate margins, can be evergreen with lenticels on bark)
Fruit (drupe)
flower ( unicarpellate , large hypanthium)
Term
subfamily Maloideae
Definition
shrubs and trees
leaves and stem (have lenticels)
Fruit (pome [apples and pears])
Flowers (syncarpous gynoecium, epigynous flowers)
Term
Saxifragaceae
Definition
mostly perennial herbs
leave (basal, reniform)
FLowers ( petals often clawed axile placentation carpels united at base)
Fruit ( capsule usually septicidal )
Term
Caprifoliaceae
Definition
honeysuckle family
Mostly shrubs
Leaves ( opposite decussate, simple, no stipules)
Flowers(zygomorphic, usually cymes commonly axillary pairs)
Fruit (berry or dry drupe)
Term
Polemoniaceae
Definition
Phlox family
herbs
leaves ( often with gland tipped hairs that give off noxious odor)
Flower ( cyme inflorescence, axile placentation )
Fruit (loculicidal capsule)
Term
Asteraceae
(Compositae)
Definition
Largest family of plants
Habit (mostly herbaceous, water or milky sap)
Leaves (usually alternate, frequently in basal rosettes, simple or dissected or compound)
Inflorescence (head or capitulum, flowers inserted on receptacle, entire head surrounded by involucre of bracts called phyllaries, receptacular bracts)
Flowers ( perfect or imperfect)
3 types ( disk flowers [tubular] actinomorphic, perfect) (Ray Flowers type A, zygomorphic, imperfect) (Ray flower B ligulate, zygomorphic, perfect, corolla 5-toothed)
Term
Phyllaries
Definition
involucre (whorl) of bracts
Term
Chaff
Definition
receptacular bracts
Term
[image]
Definition

Asteraceae 

Type B flower Ray only 

Term
[image]
Definition

Ateraceae 

Type A flower 

Disk and Ray flowers 

Term
[image]
Definition

Asteraceae

Disk only flower

 

Term
Boraginaeae
Definition
Habit (often rough to the touch (scabrous) or bristly)
leaves (scalbrous, simple, entire or pinnately lobed)
Flowers ( perfect, actinomorphic, often in comes, corona [crown])
Fruit (4 nutlets or achenes [very important for ID])
Term
Apocynaceae
Definition
habit (perennial, erect or twining shrubs, trees, milky latex)
leaves( opposite or whorled, simple, entire)
Flowers ( perfect, actinomorphic, petals often whorled)
Fruit (2 follicles, berry or capsule, seeds usually comose)
Term
Translators
Definition
connecting structure between pollinia of adjacent anthers
Term
Corpusculum
Definition
central body of anthers
Term
Gentianaceae
Definition
Habit ( annual or perennial herbs, stems often winged and 4-angled)
leaves ( opposite or whorled, decussate, entire, sessile)
Flower (actinomorphic, corolla contorted, often plicate (folded)
Fruit (septicidal capsule)
Term
Plicate
Definition
folded as in a folding fan
Term
Campanulaceae
Definition
habit (perennial herb sometimes shrubs, sometime milky latex)
Leaves (alternate, simple)
flowers (perfect, A or Z, corolla often campanulate)
anthers for a tube around style
fruit ( poricidal or circumscissile capsule or berry)
Term
Convolvulaceae
Definition
habit (herbs, shrubs or trees, often vines, milky latex)
leaves (alternate, simple, often vary on same plant)
Flower (perfect, A, corolla plicate, contorted, funnelform or salverform)
fruit (capsule, berry or nut)
Term
Solanaceae
Definition
habit (no milky latex, herbs, woody vine, tree)
leaves (alternate, simple)
Flowers (perfect, A, plicate, rotate, funnelform, salverform, anthers often connivent)
fruit (berry, septicidal capsule, calyx often present)
Term
Connivent
Definition
anthers converging but not actually fused
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