Black Ash

tree

Fraxinus nigra (Black Ash)

Leaves- Pinnately Compound; opposite; sessile leaflets

Leaflets- 9-11; Lanceolate to elliptical, occasionally oblong

Bark- Young, brown or gray with soft corky ridge

           Mature, Gray and Scaly back

    -Terminal bud is stalked

    -Full moon leaf scar

Green Ash

tree

Fraxinus pennsylvanica (Green Ash)

Leaf- Pinnately compound; opposite; petiolules stout and hairy 1-4mm

Leaflets- 5-9; lanceolate to elliptical, occasionally ovate or oblong

Bark- Gray to Brown, develops narrow interlacing ridges, irregular diamond or honeycombed shaped furrows

     -Sessile terminal bud

     -Half-moon leaf scar

Boxelder

tree

Acer negundo (Boxelder)

Leaf- Pinnately Compound; opposite; 

Leaflets- 3-5; ovate; irregular toothy serration

Bark- Brown, or gray and brown; short, thin irregular ridges separated by shallow, narrow furrows

     -Submerged bud

Red Maple

tree

Acer rubrum (Red Maple)

Leaf- Simple; Opposite; lobed; toothy margin; 3-5 lobes

Bark- Young, light gray, and smooth

        Mature, dark grey with shallow furrows and platelike scaly ridges

     -rounded red buds

Sugar Maple

tree

Acer saccharum (Sugar Maple)

Leaf- Simple; opposite; smooth margin; round crotch in leaf

Bark- brown or gray with irregular furrows and ridges

     -dark terminal bud

Silver Maple

tree

Acer saccharinum (Silver Maple)

Leaf- simple; opposite; 5-7 lobes; double-tooth margin; silvery white underleaf

Bark- Young, smooth, thin light gray

         Mature, develops long thin plates that loosen from the edge

Mountain Maple

tree

Acer Spicatum (Mountain Maple)

Leaf- simple; opposite; sunken veins; round toothy margin

Bark- gray or mottled; smooth or somewhat rough

Amur Maple

shrub

Acer Ginnala (Amur Maple)

Leaf- simple; opposite; long middle lobe

Bark- thin, dull gray-brown, and smooth at first but becoming shallowly fissuredat maturity

Alternate-leaf Dogwood

shrub

Cornus alternifolia (Alternate-leaf Dogwood)

Leaf- simple; alternate; veins follow leaf edge; no serration

Bark- thin, gray to greenish gray; nearly smooth

     -bronze twigs

Round-leaved Dogwood

shrub

Cornus rugosa (Round-leaved Dogwood)

Leaf- simple; opposite; round leaf; no serration

Bark- gray or greenish; rough

     -purple blotching

Red-osier Dogwood

shrub

Cornus sericea (Red-osier Dogwood)

Leaf- simple; opposite; red stem; no serration; narrow

Bark- greenish to yellowish or red, smooth or rough

Bush Honeysuckle

shrub

Diervilla lonicera (Bush Honeysuckle)

Leaf- simple; opposite; rough tooth margin;

Bark-

     -arching stem

Honeysuckle

shrub

Lonicera spp. (Honeysuckle)

Leaf- simple; opposite;

Bark- shredding bark

Red-berried Elder

shrub

Sambucus racemosa (Red-berried Elder)

Leaf- compound; opposite;

Leaflets- 5-7

Bark-

     -lenticels (pores on bark)

     -opposite purple buds

High-bush Cranberry

shrub

Viburnum trilobum (High-bush Cranberry)

Leaf- simple; opposite; maple-like

Bark-

     -2 terminal buds

     -stout twigs

Nannyberry

shrub

Viburnum lentago (Nannyberry)

Leaf- simple; opposite; winged petioule

Bark-

Downy Arrow-wood

shrub

Viburnum rafinesquianum (Downy Arrow-wood)

Leaf- simple; opposite; coarse tooth margin; soft leaf

Bark-

Ohio Buckeye

tree

Aesculus glabra (Ohio Buckeye)

Leaf- compound; opposite;

Bark-

European Buckthorn

shrub

Rhamnus cathartica (European Buckthorn)

Leaf- simple; opposite/alternate; glossy

Bark-

Paper Birch

tree

Betula papyrifera (Paper Birch)

Leaf- simple, alternate, double serration

Bark- white, papery bark

-green buds

Beaked Hazel

shrub

Corylus cornuta (Beaked Hazel)

Leaf- simple, alternate, double serration

-beaked fruit with prickly hairs

American Hazel

shrub

Corylus Americana (American Hazel)

Leaf- simple, alternate

-stalked cadcans

-new growth has small hairs

Speckled Alder

Shrub

Alnus incana ssp. rugosa (Speckled Alder)

Leaf- simple, alternate, wider in the middle

-flowers look like cones

Blue Beech

tree

Carpinus caroliniana (Blue Beech)

Leaf- simple, alternate, prominent veins on bottom side
Bark- Blue-gray bark, muscled looking bark

Ironwood

tree

Ostrya virginiana (Ironwood)

Leaf- simple, alternate, taper to sharp point

Bark- Platey, flexible branches

(Plains) Cottonwood

tree

Populus deltoids ([Plains] Cottonwood)

Leaf- simple, alternate, heart shaped

Bark- deep flat furrow

-seeds have cotton like look

Trembling Aspen

tree

Populus tremuloides (Trembling Aspen)

Leaf- simple, alternate, coin shaped, flat petioule

Bark- white to gray

Bigtooth Aspen

tree

Populus grandidentata (Bigtooth Aspen)

Leaf- simple, alternate, big toothy margins

Bark- Lenticels

- white pubescence

Balsam Poplar

tree

Populus balsamifera (Balsam Poplar)

Leaf- simple, alternate, often marked with brown, petiole long with glands at the leaf base

-sticky terminal bud

Willow

tree

Salix spp. (Willow)

Leaf- simple, alternate, lance shape

- single budcap

Black Walnut

tree

Juglans nigra (Black Walnut)

Leaf- compund, alternate, 15-20 leaflets

Bark- rough fissures

American Elm

tree

Ulmus americana (American Elm)

Leaf- simple, alternate, deep tooth margin, uneven base, striking veination

Rock Elm

tree

Ulmus thomasii (Rock Elm)

Leaf- simple, alternate

Bark- grey-brown, deeply furrowed into scaly, flattened ridges

Hackberry

tree

Celtis occidentalis (Hackberry)

Bark- light brown or silvery gray

-buds are ovate, acute, somewhat flattened, one-fourth of an inch long, light brown

Basswood (Linden)

tree

Tilia americana (Basswood [Linden])

Leaf- simple, alternate, large leaves

Bark- gray to light brown, with narrow, well defined fissures

Bur Oak

tree

Quercus macrocarpa (Bur Oak)

Leaf- simple, alternate, smooth points on oak leaf

Northern Red Oak

tree

Quercus rubra (Northern Red Oak)

Leaf- simple, alternate, sharp points on oak leaf

Smooth Sumac

shrub

Rhus glabra (Smooth Sumac)

-Unique berry clusters

-no pubescence on stem

Staghorn Sumac

shrub

Rhus hirta (Staghorn Sumac)

-Unique berry clusters

-pubescence on stem

Poison Ivy

shrub

Pin Cherry

tree

Prunus pensylvanica (Pin Cherry)

Leaf- alternate, simple, lanceolate, finely serrated margin

Choke-cherry

tree

Prunus virginiana (Choke-cherry)

leaf- finely serrated margin and is dark green above with a paler underside

-can have black knot on it

Black Cherry

tree

Prunus serotina (Black Cherry)

Leaf- simple, 6-14 cm long, with a serrated margin

-can have black knot on it

Juneberry

shrub

Amelanchier spp. (Juneberry)

Leaf-deciduous, cauline, alternate, simple, lanceolate to elliptic

Hawthorn

shrub

Crataegus spp. (Hawthorn)

-thorny branches

Wild Rose

shrub

Rosa spp. (Wild Rose)

-rose hips

Wild Raspberry

shrub

Rubus spp. (Wild Raspberry)

Leaf- alternate, palmate with 3-5 leaflets that are ovate to broadly lanceolate

Blackberry

shrub

Rubus spp. (Blackberry)

Leaf- palmately compound leaves

Mountain-Ash

tree

Sorbus spp. (Mountain-Ash)

Leaf- Ash like

Blueberry

shrub

Leatherwood

shrub

Dirca palustris (Leatherwood)

Leaf- simple, alternate

-flexible twigs

Winterberry

shrub

Ilex verticillata (Winterberry)

leaf- simple alternate

-holly like look, may have berries

Balsam Fir

tree

Abies balsamea (Balsam Fir)

Bark- thin gray smooth with resin blisters

-single needles

Tamarack

tree

Larix laricina (Tamarack)

Leaf- born in small tufts, deciduous

Norway Spruce

tree

Picea abies (Norway Spruce)

-drooping look, cuckoo clock-like cone

White Spruce

tree

Picea glauca (White Spruce)

Leaf- single needle born in spiral like pattern

-longer cones in comparison to black spruce

Black Spruce

tree

Picea mariana (Black Spruce)

Leaf- born single, in spiral pattern

-short stubby cones

Blue Spruce

tree

Picea pungens (Blue Spruce)

-blueish look to tree

-not native

Jack Pine

tree

Pinus banksiana (Jack Pine)

Leaf- born in group of 2

-sparse look to branchs

-serotinous cones

Red Pine

tree

Pinus resinosa (Red Pine)

Leaf- born in group of 2

-redish bark with scaly look

Eastern White Pine

tree

Pinus strobes (Eastern White Pine)

Leaf- born in group of 5, long slender needle

Scots Pine

tree

Pinus sylvestris (Scots Pine)

-orangeish look to bark on higher parts of tree

Eastern Hemlock

tree

Tsuga canadensis (Eastern Hemlock)

-droop on top branch

Eastern Redcedar

tree

Juniperus virginiana (Eastern Redcedar)

Leaf- round when compared to white cedar, opposite branching

-shreddy bark, rough

-blue berry look to cones

Northern White Cedar

tree

Thuja occidentalis (Northern White Cedar)

Leaf- lay flat

-shreddy bark, smoother feel