Term
| How do palm tree trunks differ from regular tree trunks? |
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Definition
Pamk = monocot = no secondary growth diameter of trunk does not grow with age like in dicots this means palms are not trees, but palm plants |
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Term
| why do some plants have spines? |
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Definition
| protect the fruit (seeds) |
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Term
what do prop roots do? \ and where are they found? |
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Definition
mainly found in areas that are exceedingly moist prop roots keep the baseof the palm from rotting also, they prop the plant up so that the stem can support the leaves and hold the reproductuive organs in an advantageous position |
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Term
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Definition
(nay drop down to become prop roots) absorb moisture and nutrients from mist, rain, dew, or dust |
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Term
| name one plant with a hole |
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Definition
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Term
| purpose of holes in the leaves? |
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Definition
-imitate insect damage, discourages insects from feeding on leaves - help drain water off leaves and keeps them dry, which prevents growth of mold and disease - allow light to reachhh the roots and plants beneath |
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Term
| in terms of photsynthesis, how do green leaves differ from red leaves? |
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Definition
chlorophyll in green plants absorbs the blue-violet and red-orange of the visible light spectrum (differences in wavelength absorbances) |
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Term
| how are coal and plants connected? |
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Definition
| vegetation died off and submerged under water of swamps. plants decomposed and coal was formed from the carbon left over |
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Term
| name one fern tree and describe how it compares to ferns you usually see in homes? |
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Definition
(tasmanian tree fern or red dawrf fern) much lerger than a typical fern |
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Term
| provide four reasons why ferns are an important part of our ecology |
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Definition
1. contrubute to the layer of leaf mold and humus on the forest floor that nourishes larger plants and protects the soil 2. provide shelter for wildlife 3. source of food for some animals 4. used for home insulation and garden mulch |
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Term
| function of nitrogen in orchid growth? |
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Definition
| basic component of amino acids, nucleic acids, chlorophylls and coenzymes |
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Term
| function of potassium in orchid growth? |
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Definition
involved in the passage of solutions through the differently permeable membranes of cells (osmosis) opening, and closing of stomata, and as anm activator of many ennzymes |
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Term
| function of phosphorus in orchid growth? |
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Definition
| component of the energy-carrying phosphate compounds and of nucleic acids (DNA/RNA) |
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Term
| what insects do orchids resemble? |
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Definition
butterflies dragonflies wasps bees praying mantis |
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Term
| how does insect benefit from looking like an insect? |
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Definition
| because orchids look like female insects, male insects cannont resist "mating" with them, bringing pollen that fertilizes the orchid |
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Term
| what other attractants does the orchid use? |
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Definition
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Term
| what special feature do lady slippers have? |
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Definition
| "pouch" shape traps insects and forces them to crawl past the stamens where they collect pollen for fertilization |
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Term
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Definition
air plants that grow on other plants do not rely on host plant for food - make their own food |
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Term
| name one type of epiphyte and describe its color |
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Definition
spanish moss grayish-silver |
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Term
when inspected closely, what color is the spanish moss? what does this mean? |
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Definition
green must be photosynthetic and make its own food, since it does not get food from host |
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Term
| name two ways spanish moss can still be harmful to host plant |
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Definition
1. cover the leaves of host tree limiting its photosynthesis 2. weight - too heavy and breaks the branches of the tree |
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Term
| name one type of bromeliad |
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Definition
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Term
| why would you want to expose a natural rubber tree to ethylene? |
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Definition
| double the world's supply of latex! |
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Term
| advantages of long root tendrils on rubber tree? |
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Definition
used by climbing plants for support and attachment may eventually become prop roots as plant gets older |
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Term
| what is the advantage of having fleshy stems for vanilla orchids? |
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Definition
| water stored in stems, as vanilla is an epiphyte |
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Term
what is unusual about the flowers of the chocolate tree? how is this helpful? |
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Definition
flowers are borne right on the trunk of the tree --> climbing pollintators can reach flowers easily also if rainwater comes down trunk, it can easily carry pollen with it |
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Term
| where is the edible chocolate on the cocoa tree? |
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Definition
| hard oval fruit, aslo referred to as the cabosses |
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Term
| how do the stiff, sharp points of the screw pine help the plant? |
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Definition
| protection - no animals want to bother the plant |
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Term
| name one advantage to the "drip tip" |
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Definition
| help shed water quickly so the branches don't get weighed down and break |
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Term
| how does bamboo play a role in preserving the environment? |
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Definition
grows quickly to reforest degraded lands releases 35% more oxygen than other trees lower light intensity and protect against UV radiation |
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Term
| how does bamboo help in conserving soil? |
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Definition
bamboo's net-like root system prevents erosion of soils |
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Term
| how does bamboo help in medicine? |
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Definition
used in chinese herbal medicine has been used to treat asthma, coughs, and even arthritis roots and leaves have even been used to treat VD and cancer |
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Term
| name two plants who produce a substance that has been replaced by high fructose corn syrup |
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Definition
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Term
| why is the frail leaf structure of the banana plants important |
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Definition
| thsis way, individual leaves would shred rather than the whole plant being uprooted |
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Term
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Definition
| airy tissue found in roots of plants, which allows exchange of gases between the shoot and the root. |
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Term
| hwo would aerenchyma help hydrophyte plants? |
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Definition
| provide flotation or buoyancy for the plant and carry oxygen to roots fro aerobic respiration and carry carbon dioxide to photosynthetic parts of the plant |
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Term
how have mangorves (halophytes) adapted to their environment? |
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Definition
| able to tolerate high salt concentrations |
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Term
| what is the purpose of scent/fragrance in the plant world |
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Definition
| atrract pollinators and deter herbivores |
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Term
| how does excessive surface growth of hydrophytes affect plants beneath the surface? |
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Definition
| plants below struggle to comete for sunlight for photosynthesis |
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Term
| what is special about xerophytes? |
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Definition
| they have special adaptations that prebent the loss of water |
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Term
| name a plant that has a waxy coating and tell how this helps the plant |
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Definition
| coating helps the plant to retain moisture |
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Term
| name a plant with bspines and tell how they help the plant |
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Definition
golden barrel cactus spines are used for protection from both thirsty herbivores and from the sun, as they are reflective and they also direct rain and dew to the root zone spines are just modified leaves |
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Term
| name a plant with fur or hair covering and tell how it helps the plant |
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Definition
ball cactus and lady finger cactus hair provides warmth microclimate around stomates reducing water loss, reflects sun/heat, and deters insects from eating plant |
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Term
| what do pleats do for the plant? |
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Definition
| regulate size of plant byexpanding or contracting depending on amount of water that is available and absorbed by plant |
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