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traind in medicine
worked with grey
wrote Flora of north america with grey |
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Father of american botany
student of Torrey
did not collect plants himself he had people bring them to him |
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Father of western american botany
nic named "old curious" |
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famous for work in southern rocky mountains
King of colorado botany |
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wrote flora of colorado
bughole botany SPLITTER |
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wrote a popular flora of denver
explored mancos clay hills
saved 2,000 specimens from fire |
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3,500 - 5,600 ft
level or rolling grassland
shorgrass and tallgrass prarie |
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6,000 - 8,000ft
separates plains from high mountains
shrub type veg and pondo pine |
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8,000 - 10,000 ft
doug-fir, blue spruce and lodgepole pine
some pondo |
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10,000-11,000ft
engelmann spruce and sub alpine fir
some bristlecone pine
krummholtz |
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11,000ft and up no trees
short growing season
low growing perennial herbs |
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5,000-10,000ft
western colorado and north middle and southpark |
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| semidesert shrublands (saltbrush) |
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san luis valley
4500-7500ft
drought resistant plants |
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western and southern colorado
4500-8000ft |
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series of ordered categoriws
arranged to show relationshops to one another |
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Introduced by Carl Linnaeus
used species plantarum
genus + specific epithet + authority |
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| Advantages of scientific names |
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Definition
single valid named recognized for each plant
same name cant be used for more than one kind of plant
have informative content |
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| disadvantages of scientific names |
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Definition
hard to pronounce
confusing when names change
not widely used by general public |
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| advantages of common names |
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Definition
simple and easy to remember
easy to pronounce
usually descriptive |
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| disadvantages of common names |
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Definition
very small percent of plant species have common names
same plant may have more than one common name
same common name can be used for several different species
common names are in the local language
no formal process for naming |
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reference specimen for a species
specimen author described species from
several kinds of types |
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king of types
single specimen designated as the type of a species by the original author |
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| a specimen not formally designated as a type but cited along with the type collection in the original description of a species |
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| specimen chosen later as holotype |
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| specimen stolen off of a holotype |
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| What structures are counted to determine carpel number? |
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Definition
Whichever of the following has the highest number
placentae
stigmas
locules
styles |
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| What are the two sub-families of papaveraceae |
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Definition
papaveroideae (23 genera, 230 species)
Fumarioideae (19 genera, 530 species) |
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1)septum
2) locule
3) placenta
4) ovule |
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classifying, identifying and naming organisms
use systematics to categorize taxa into groups |
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study of relationships between groups of living things
represented by phylogenetic trees |
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CLADE
ancestor (node) and all decendants are included |
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| contains a common ancestor but not all the decendants of that ancestor |
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| group that contains descendants of two or more ancestors |
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| ex - used to connect names of two authors, the second of which validly published the name proposed by the first author |
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| In- used to connect the names of two authors the 1st supplied a name with a description in a work published by the second author |
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Buttercup family
no stipules
sheathing leaf bases
actinomorphic or zygomorphic
nectar producing petals |
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Poppy family
yields opium and morphine
many ornamentals
leaf margins often spiny |
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poppy family
petals crumpled in bud
has sap
sepals fall off early |
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Poppy family
produce latex
zygomorphic
poricidal capsule |
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> 1/3 of species have parietal placentation
~1/3 are also sympetalous |
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gourd family
~26 genera in US
pepo fruit
climbing vines usually with tendrils
leaves palmately lobed
flower imperfect
stamens highly modified
hairs or spikes on ovule |
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Mustard family
acrid taste (bitter)
forked or stellate hairs
4-merous flowers
tetradynamous stamens (4long 2short stamen)
FRUIT SILIQUE OR SILICLE |
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Heath Family
40 genera native to U.S.
shrubs or herbaceous perennials
prefer acidic soil
thick leathery everygreen leaves
no stipules
gynoecium with axile placentation
flower urceolate |
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mallow family
COTTON OKRA
stellate hairs
create mucilage (adhesive)
palmately lobed
stamens monadelphous (look like beaded neck)
axile placentation
fruit locolicidal capsule or shizocarp |
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primrose family
ornamentals
leaves basal
stamens opposite petals
pyxis or capsule |
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Willow family
2 genera
asprin
likes water
monocieous (imperfect flower)
Catkin inflorescence
hairy bracts
hairy seeds |
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Stickleaf family
jenns favorite
coarse pubescence
gynoceum with parietal placentation
flowers open at dusk |
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| What does not apply when writing scientific names |
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| the authoriy is not italicized |
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| an unbranched, elongated inflorescence with pedicellate flowers is? |
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| the term best used to describe early deciduouos is? |
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| what family used to be included in primulaceae but is now split out |
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| what family was split out from the ericaceae and has polypetalous flowers |
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