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Definition
| a first line of defense against potential invaders, act the same whether or not an invader has been previously encountered |
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Definition
| An innate body defense in vertebrates caused by a release of histamine and other chemical alarm signals that trigger increased blood flow, a local increase in white blood cells, and fluid leakage from the blood. Results in redness, heat, and swelling in the affected tissues. |
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Definition
| a set of defenses that are activated only after exposure to pathogens; found only in vertebrates |
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Definition
| any foreign molecule that elicits an acquired immune response |
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Definition
| A protein found in blood plasma that attaches to one particular kind of antigen and helps counter its effect |
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Definition
| A region on the surface of an antigen to which an antibody binds |
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Definition
| A region of the antibody molecule responsible for the antibody's recognition and binding function |
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Term
| Antigen-presenting cell (APC) |
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Definition
| One of a family of white blood cells (i.e. a macrophage) that ingests a foreign substance or a microbe and attached antigenic portions of the ingested material to its own surface, thereby displaying the antigens to a helper T cell |
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Definition
| Immunity conferred by recovering from an infectious disease or by receiving a vaccine |
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Definition
| Temporary immunity obtained by acquiring ready-made antibodies; lasts only a few weeks or months because the immune system has not been stimulated by antigens |
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Definition
| The type of specific immunity brought about by antibody-producing B cells; fights bacteria and viruses in body fluids |
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Term
| Cell-mediated immune response |
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Definition
| The type of specific immunity brought about by T cells; fights body cells infected with pathogens |
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Definition
| A transmembrane version of an antibody molecule that B cells and T cells use to recognize specific antigens; also called a membrane antibody |
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Definition
| The production of a lineage of genetically identical cells that recognize and attack the specific antigen that stimulated their proliferation-- the mechanism that underlies the immune system's specificity and memory of antigens |
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Definition
| The vertebrate organ system through which lymph circulates; includes lymph vessels, lymph nodes, and the spleen. The system helps remove toxins and pathogens from the blood and interstitial fluid and returns fluid and solutes from the interstitial fluid to the circulatory system. |
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Definition
| A colorless fluid, derived from interstitial fluid, that circulates in the lymphatic system |
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Definition
| A type of white blood cell that is chiefly responsible for the acquired immune response; found mostly in the lymphatic system |
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Definition
| A type of lypmphocyte that attacks body cells infected with pathogens |
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Definition
| A type of lymphocyte that helps activate other types of T cells and may help stimulate B cells to produce antibodies |
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Definition
| Infections that can be controlled by a normally functioning immune system but that cause illness in a person with an immunodeficiency |
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