Term
Those hormones that are nonpolar can pass through the plasma membrane and are called
A. hydrophilic.
B. hydrophobic.
C. lipophilic.
D. Both hydrophobic and lipophilic are correct. |
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Definition
| D. Both hydrophobic and lipophilic are correct. |
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Term
Which of the following is the most senior precursor molecule?
A. a prehormone
B. a prohormone
C. a hormone
D. a hormone receptor |
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Definition
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Term
. Which of the following is NOT true about a chemical functioning in physiological regulation?
A. There must be a mechanism to turn off the chemical's action.
B. The chemicals must be secreted by endocrine glands.
C. Target cell must have specific receptor molecules for the chemical.
D. The combination of the chemical and its receptor must cause specific changes to occur in the target cell. |
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Definition
| B. The chemicals must be secreted by endocrine glands. |
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Term
Nuclear receptors that have been identified and their genes cloned before their hormone ligands are known are called
A. transcription factors.
B. unknown ligands.
C. orphan receptors.
D. nongenomic receptors. |
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Definition
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Term
Thyroid hormones bind to receptors which
A. activate tyrosine kinase.
B. regulate gene transcription.
C. stimulate production of cyclic AMP.
D. stimulate production of diacyl glycerol diaclyglycerol. |
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Definition
| B. regulate gene transcription. |
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Term
Carrier proteins would be required by
A. aldosterone.
B. cholecystokinin.
C. follicle stimulating hormone.
D. prolactin. |
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Definition
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Term
. Protein kinase catalyzes the ___________ of other enzymes in the cytoplasm.
A. hydrolysis
B. phosphorylation
C. synthesis
D. decarboxylation |
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Definition
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Term
In the phospholipase C mechanism, most of the increased intracellular calcium comes from
A. outside the cell.
B. within the plasma membrane.
C. the endoplasmic reticulum.
D. extracellular fluid. |
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Definition
| C. the endoplasmic reticulum. |
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Term
Cellular actions of insulin could be inhibited by
A. decreasing intracellular calmodulin.
B. stimulating protein kinase activity.
C. inhibiting translation.
D. inhibiting receptor dimerization. |
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Definition
| D. inhibiting receptor dimerization. |
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Term
What is the action of the signaling molecules activated by insulin-tyrosine kinase second messenger system?
A. insertion of glucose carrier proteins into the plasma membrane
B. hydrolysis of glycogen and secretion of glucose
C. transport of insulin into the cell
D. All of the choices are correct. |
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Definition
| A. insertion of glucose carrier proteins into the plasma membrane |
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Term
. Adrenocorticotropin would be synthesized in
A. the pars distalis.
B. the pars tuberalis.
C. the pars intermedia.
D. the neurohypophysis. |
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Definition
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Term
Growth would be inhibited by
A. increasing prolactin secretion.
B. increasing somatostatin secretion.
C. increasing somatomedin secretion.
D. increasing thyroid hormone secretion. |
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Definition
| B. increasing somatostatin secretion. |
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Term
Increased circulating concentrations of testosterone would stimulate
A. decreased secretion of growth hormone.
B. decreased secretion of adrenocorticotropin.
C. decreased secretion of luteinizing hormone.
D. decreased secretion of thyroid stimulating hormone. |
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Definition
| C. decreased secretion of luteinizing hormone. |
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Term
. The hyposecretion of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids results in
A. Addison's disease.
B. diabetes insipidus.
C. Grave's disease.
D. Cushing's disease. |
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Definition
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Term
. Pheochromocytomas would stimulate
A. hypersecretion of aldosterone.
B. hypersecretion of cortisol.
C. hypersecretion of adrenocorticotropin.
D. hypersecretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine. |
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Definition
| D. hypersecretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine. |
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Term
An individual with bulging eyes may
A. be secreting inadequate thyroid hormone.
B. be secreting excessive thyroid hormone.
C. be secreting inadequate cortisol.
D. be secreting excessive cortisol. |
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Definition
| B. be secreting excessive thyroid hormone. |
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Term
Molecules that are produced within one tissue but regulate a different tissue of the same organ are called
A. autocrine regulators.
B. endocrine regulators.
C. paracrine regulators.
D. exocrine regulators. |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following statements about prostaglandins is true?
A. Prostaglandin synthesis is blocked by the actions of caffeine.
B. Prostaglandins inhibit inflammation.
C. Prostaglandins may contribute to asthma.
D. Thromboxane A2 induces vasodilation. |
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Definition
| C. Prostaglandins may contribute to asthma. |
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