Term
| gases in the air and their solubility in liquid/blood |
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Definition
| nitrogen and oxygen are not that soluble but CO2 is (measure w ABG) |
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Term
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Definition
| where the capillaries from the pulmonary artery carrying deoxygenated blood come close to the alveoli |
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Term
| what happens when we inhale |
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Definition
| air pressure we take in goes down a bit in the conducting zone bc of the higher temp, oxygen levels go up in the alveoli so that oxygen moves into the capillaries to move from high to low and CO2 moves into the alveoli (CO2 in low in inspired air). this is called external respiration (then we exhale the CO2) |
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Term
| barriers to alveolar diffusion |
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Definition
fluid- if there's not enough surfactant so a drop forms, the air would hit the drop and not have as much access to the surface of the alveolus
loss of alveolar surface area- emphezema (lose elastin that keep the alveoli open)
these barriers create physiological dead space (no gas exchange can occur, will reduce overall oxygenation of arterial blood) |
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Term
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Definition
| volume of respiratory organ that has air in it but is unable to undergo gas exchange- trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, nasal and oral cavities |
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Term
| ventilation-perfusion matching |
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Definition
| mechanism of the lungs that makes up for gravity's affect on perfusion (bloodflow) and ventilation (air movement) in lungs to make gas exchange as efficient as possible. arterioles in different areas of the low respond to low oxygen/decreased airflow w vasoconstriction and respond to high oxygen w vasodilation this shunts blood to regions where there is low oxygen. so perfusion is adjusted to changed in ventilation. bronchioles also respond by constricting when oxygen levels are high and dilating when low |
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Term
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Definition
| creates more physiological deadspace due to no bloodflow to a place with airflow/adequate ventilation. can occur due to pulmonary embolism, space w airflow is wasted bc blood can't get there. can also have shunting where bloodflow is normal or increased but air is obstructed from getting into the alveoli- ex lung infection like pneumonia, mucus and fluids are obstructing the airway but the infection itself could be causing inflammation which increases bloodflow, so inc bloodflow to area w inadequate perfusion-reduce overall output of lungs and reoxygenation of arterial blood |
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