Term
| Nonspeech Laryngeal Function |
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Definition
| Protect the air way from foreign objects |
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Term
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Definition
| Response by tissue of respiratory passageway to an irritant or foreign object; significantly positive subglottal pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| Not as violent as full cough, but very stressful to vocal folds; build pressure in subglottal region and clamp vocal folds shut to restrain pressure |
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Term
| Abdominal/Thoracic Fixation |
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Definition
| Process of capturing air within thorax to provide muscles with a structure on which to push or pull; take in a large inspiratory charge; tight adduction of vocal folds |
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Term
| Width of Vocal Fold Adduction During Quiet Respiration |
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Definition
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Term
| Width of Vocal Fold Adduction During Forced Respiration |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Noise produced from the vibrating vocal folds |
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Term
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Definition
| The vocal folds come together and stop vibrating/producing sound |
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Term
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Definition
| Larynx elevates; epiglottis drops down to cover entry way into airway; aryepiglottic folds tense by action of aryepiglottic muscle; vocal folds are adducted |
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Term
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Definition
| Given a constant volume flow of air or fluid, at a point of constriction, there will be: decrease in air pressure perpendicular to flow; increase in velocity of flow |
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Term
| Minimum Subglottal Pressure Needed for Vocal Fold Vibration |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Product of repeated opening and closing of vocal folds |
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Term
| Three Laryngeal Adjustments |
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Definition
| Vocal attack, termination of phonation, sustained phonation |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of bringing vocal folds together to begin phonation; requires muscular action |
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Term
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Definition
| Abduct vocal folds to end phonation (voice offset); used during connected speech to accommodate voiceless speech sounds |
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Term
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Definition
Requires maintenance of vocal fold position (sustained tensing) through contraction of musculature;
vibration of vocal folds is not product of repeated adduction and abduction of vocal folds |
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Term
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Definition
| Primary frequency of vibration; number of cycles of phonation per second; measured in hertz (Hz) |
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Term
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Definition
| Component frequency of the signal that is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency |
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Term
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Definition
| Provides clinician with a measure of functionally respiratory ability; straw in water cup; to create bubbles, must blow pressure equal to depth of straw in water |
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Term
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Definition
| Perceptual correlate of frequency |
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Term
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Definition
| Faster vibration, tenser vocal folds with less mass by contraction of cricothyroid and throvocalis muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| Slower vibration, less tense vocal folds with more mass by contraction of the thromuscularis muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to pitch of vocal fold vibration that is optimal or most appropriate for an individual; most efficient frequency of vibration |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to frequency of vibration of VFs that is habitually used during speech |
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Term
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Definition
| Perceptual correlate of intensity (decibles dB) |
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Term
| Needed to Increase Intensity |
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Definition
| Increase in subglottal pressure and medial compression |
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Term
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Definition
| VFs are tightly compressed; takes more force to blow them open; VFs close more rapidly; VFs tend to stay closed because they are tightly compressed |
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Term
| Frequency Perturbation/ Vocal Jitter |
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Definition
| Measure of cycle-by-cycle variation in fundamental frequency of vibration; provides an index of muscle tone and stability |
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Term
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Definition
| Conveys information about the emotional state of the speaker; the form of the utterance (statement, question, or command); the presence of irony or sarcasm; emphasis, contrast, and focus |
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Term
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Definition
| Variation of pitch while speaking which is not used to distinguish words; rising or falling |
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Term
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Definition
| Product of relative increase in fundamental frequency, vocal intensity, and duration |
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Term
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Definition
| Narrow device equipped with a light source and a small camera that can be inserted down the throat to take pictures of laryngeal function |
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Term
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Definition
| Endoscope with a stroboscopic light source that permits the viewer to observe phonation in what appears to be slow motion |
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Term
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Definition
| Procedure in which a light sensor placed on the neck near the level of the glottis measures a light source that shines through the glottis during abduction and phonation |
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Term
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Definition
| When vocal folds are opening |
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Term
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Definition
| When vocal folds are returning to point of approximation |
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Term
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Definition
| When vocal folds are closed and no air is escaping; increased length during high intensity speech |
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Term
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Definition
| When the false vocal folds approximate and vibrate |
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Term
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Definition
| A device for the noninvasive measurement of the time variation of the degree of contact between the vibrating vocal folds during voice production |
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Term
| Percent of Perturbation/Percent Jitter |
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Definition
| An indication of how perfectly the vocal system is oscillating; variation in excess of 1-2% will be perceived as hoarse |
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Term
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Definition
| A frequent back and forth change in amplitude (from soft to louder) in the voice |
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Term
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Definition
| Alternation of articulators; the number of productions of a single or multiple syllables an individual produces per second |
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Term
| Suprasegmental Elements of Speech |
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Definition
| The parameters of speech that are above the segment (phonetic) level; include prosody, stress and innotation |
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Term
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Definition
| No variation in vocal pitch |
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Term
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Definition
| No variation in vocal loudness |
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Term
| Myoelastic-aerodynamic theory |
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Definition
| Theory of vocal fold function that accounts for phonation through the lawful interplay of tissue mass, elasticity, and aerodynamic principles |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency for a body at rest to remain at rest, and a body in motion to remain in motion |
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Term
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Definition
| Having predicable repetition |
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