Term
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Definition
| ACh, NE, Dopamine, Serotonin, Histamine, Epi |
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Term
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Definition
| GABA, glutamate, aspartate, glycine |
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Term
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Definition
| opioid family, enkephalin, endorphin, dynorphin |
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Term
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Definition
| adenosine, taurine, tryptamine, eicosanoids, NO, CO |
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Term
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Definition
| majority of excitatory transmission; descending projections to striatum, hippo, and thalamus; fast |
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Term
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Definition
| inhibitory; diffuse projections |
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Term
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Definition
Ascending projections with cell bodies in septal nuclei, nucleus basalis
Can depolarize or hyperpolarize |
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Term
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Definition
ascending projections for locus coeruleus;
attentiveness |
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Term
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Definition
| ascending projections; cell bodies in substantia nigra to striatum; cell bodies in ventral tegmental to nucleus accumbens |
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Term
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Definition
| ascending projections; arises in raphe nucleus; monoamine |
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Term
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Definition
| diffuse ascending projections from tubermamillary nucleus of hypothalamus; |
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Term
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Definition
Glutamate: Too much
GABA: Too little |
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Term
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Definition
Glutamate: neurotoxicity
GABA: too little |
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Term
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Definition
GABA: too little
Serotonin: Too much (antianxiety trugs are partial agonists) |
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Term
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Definition
| ACh: neurons degenerate (confusion and mental slowness; avoid anticholinergics in elderly) |
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Term
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Definition
ACh: predominates at interneuron which enchances GABAergic neuron (anticholinergics for treatment)
Dopamine: nigrostriatum neursons die |
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Term
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Definition
| Dopamine: too high in accumbens |
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Term
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Definition
NE: hyperactive in withdrawal
Dopamine: addictive drugs raise levels in accumbens |
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Term
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Definition
| Serotonin: too low (SSRIs used to raise levels) |
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Term
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Definition
| Serotonin: too high and constrict vessels |
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Term
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Definition
serotonin: increased precursor tryptophan causes drowsiness
Histamine: wakefulness, antihistamines cause drowsiness |
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Term
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Definition
specific uptake or other inactivation system
• i.e. 90% of release NE is reaccumulated by the NE transporter (NET)
• i.e. ACh is inactivated by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
Presence in a nerve terminal: vesicles
Presence of a precursor
• TYRDOPADopamineNE (Julius Axelrod)
Collectable
• i.e. Tagusstoff (ACh)
Presence of a specific release mechanism
• Ca2+ uptake to release NE |
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Term
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Definition
identical action
• ACh on nicotinic receptor in parasympathetic
• NE and stimulation of vasoconstriction fibers
Production of same electrical changes
Pharmacological identity
• apply antagonist = same result |
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