Term
| Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) |
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Definition
| wavelike fluctuations of electric and magnetic fields set up in space by oscillating (vibrating) electrons. |
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Term
| Mode of transportation of energy through space |
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Definition
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Term
| Radiation made in the tube: |
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Definition
Bremsstrahlung
Characteristic |
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Term
| Radiation made in the body: |
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Definition
Compton
PE
Pair production |
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Term
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Definition
As electron speeds toward anode and moves around the cuve of the foce field around nucleus of atom, energy is released by the "braking" of the electron
polyenergetic |
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Term
| Energy of the photon in a Bremsstrahlung reaction depends on: |
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Definition
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Term
| Characteristic Radiation Production |
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Definition
- electron interacts with innershell electron
- must have equal to or greater energy than innershell electron
- must have at least 70 kV to knock out k-shell
- once knocked out, cascading effect occurs, releasing energy
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Term
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Definition
| the energy acquired by an electron when it is accelerated through a potential difference of 1 volt |
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Term
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Definition
| unit of measurement for energy |
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Term
| keV ends up being ______ of kVp applied to it. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| radiation produced in x-ray tube that passes from tube to patient |
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Term
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Definition
- highly penetrating
- electrically neutral
- polyenergetic
- leave x-ray tube in straight lines
- travel at speed of light
- capable of ionization
- can't be focused by lens
- affect film (emulsion)
- produces chemical or biological changes in boy due to ionization
- produce scatter
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Term
| Main characteristics of x-ray beam and definition |
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Definition
- quantity: amount of photons (#)--measured in Roentgens
- quality: overall energy of beam
- intensity: involves energy of photon plus number of photons
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Term
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Definition
Roentgens/sec
or
Roentgens/min |
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Term
| Standard free-air ionization chamber |
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Definition
method used to determine quantity of beam
(measures ions in chamber) |
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Term
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Definition
unit that measures quantity of radiation
(counts ion pairs being made) |
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Term
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Definition
Radiation Absorbed Dose: amount of energy that ionizes per gram of tissue or matter
100 rad= 1 Gray |
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Term
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Definition
Radiation equivalent in man that the employee receives
1 mSv=100 mrem |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Half Value Layer: the thickness of absorbing material necessary to reduce the x-ray quality to half its original value |
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Term
| What are the purposes of filters? |
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Definition
harden beam to make more monoenergetic
reduce exposure to patient |
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Term
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Definition
photon passes through the body unaffected
(high energy=high kV)
no interaction with matter
reaches film |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Photoelectric Effect (P.E.) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| reduction of intensity of the beam as it passes through a medium |
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Term
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Definition
- absorption
- compton (scatter)
- inverse square law--how far the source is from the beam
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Term
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Definition
| photon gives up all its energy and disappears |
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Term
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Definition
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