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| is a definite magnitude of a physical quantity, defined and adopted by convention and/or by law, that is used as a standard for measurement of the same physical quantity. |
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| the minimum number of coordinates needed to specify each point within it |
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| technique used in the physical sciences and engineering to reduce physical properties, such as acceleration, viscosity, energy, and others, to their fundamental dimensions of length (L), mass (M), and time (T). |
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| a quantity which is independent of specific classes of coordinate systems |
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| a geometric object that has both a magnitude (or length) and direction |
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| A vector or the magnitude of a vector from the initial position to a subsequent position assumed by a body |
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| he distance that light (UV/VIS) travels through a sample in an analytical cell. |
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| the displacement divided by the time |
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| the velocity of an object at any given instan |
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| the total distance traveled divided by the total time elapsed. |
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| Acceleration measured over a finite time interval |
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| Instantaneous acceleration |
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| Tells how much further an object will travel, and in what direction, in the next second. |
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| Magnitude defines the value of an object, such as the magnitude of velocity would be speed. Magnitude of a vector would be size. Always positive. |
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| Galileo's idea of inertia |
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*Inertia is the tendency of matter to resist changes in its velocity.
*An object will not change its velocity on its own.
*Pushes, or pulls, from the outside are necessary to change an object's velocity.
*Once at rest, an object will stay at rest all on its own.
*Galileo discovered this by placing a ball between 2 inclines. as high as the ball rises on one side it will the same side. |
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| The quantity of motion is the measure of the same, arise from the velocity and quantity of matter conjointly. |
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*discovered the theory of gravity after watching an apple fall in the orchard.
*Throughout his life Newton continued research into a wide range of subjects including mathematics, optics, astronomy and alchemy.
*lays the foundations for most of classical mechanics
*built the first practical reflecting telescope[ |
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* “Father of Modern Science"
*Galileo made improvements to the newly invented telescope and eventually managed to make a telescope with 32x magnification
*Along with making contributions to the development of a universal clock, Galileo also created a military compass and a thermometer.
*Pope Urban VIII granted Galileo permission to write Dialogue Concerning Two Chief World Systems as long as he treated both the Sun-centered and the Earth-centered systems as theories. After it was written, the Pope felt that Galileo had defended Copernicus too strongly and Galileo was called to face the Inquisition. Confessing his guilt in order to secure a lighter punishment, Galileo was put under house arrest.
*Studied Leaning Tower of Pisa (Dropping cannon balls) |
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*a tutor to the king’s son, the future Alexander the Great.
*He was one of the first to systematize philosophy and science.
*thought that heavy objects fall faster than light objects in proportion to weight |
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| Metric system of measurement adopted by most technical industries throughout the world. |
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A=Ax+Ay
To graph place the tail of the second vector at the point of the first vector. (the point is not the arrow side) |
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A free-falling object achieves its terminal velocity when the downward force of gravity (Fg) equals the upward force of drag (Fd). This causes the net force on the object to be zero, resulting in an acceleration of zero.
*Fnet=ma |
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occurs when an object is given an initial velocity and then follows a path determined entirely by the effect of a constant gravitational force.
*trajectory= parabola |
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I. Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it.
II. The relationship between an object's mass m, its acceleration a, and the applied force F is F = ma. Acceleration and force are vectors (as indicated by their symbols being displayed in slant bold font); in this law the direction of the force vector is the same as the direction of the acceleration vector.
*III. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. |
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Dry friction resists relative lateral motion of two solid surfaces in contact. Dry friction is subdivided into static friction between non-moving surfaces, and kinetic friction between moving surfaces.
Fluid friction describes the friction between layers within a viscous fluid that are moving relative to each other.[1][2]
Lubricated friction is a case of fluid friction where a fluid separates two solid surfaces.[3][4][5]
Skin friction is a component of drag, the force resisting the motion of a solid body through a fluid.
Internal friction is the force resisting motion between the elements making up a solid material while it undergoes deformation.[2] |
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