Term
| life cycle of a medium star? |
|
Definition
1) stellar nebula
2) medium star
3) red giant
4) planetary neblua
5) white dwarf |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collapsed dense core of a star that forms quickly while its outer layers are falling inward. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a massive explosion that occurs when the outer layer of a star is blown off. |
|
|
Term
| life cycle of a massive star? |
|
Definition
1)stellar nebula
2) massive star
3) red super giant
4) supernova
5) neutron star/black hole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| interstellar gas and dust |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extremely dense remnant of a star whose gravity is so immense, that light cannot escape its gravitational field. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dark spots on the surface of the sun that are darker because they are cooler in temperature. they are cause by magnetic field disturbances. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
violent eruptions of particles and radiation from the surface of the sun. (sun eruptions)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| innermost layer of the sun. visible surface of the sun because it gives of more light. |
|
|
Term
| what is the chromosphere? |
|
Definition
| layer of the sun outside of the photosphere. it is only visible during a solar eclipse. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| it is the outermost layer of the sun. it is very thick. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rocky remnants of the early solar system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| asteroids that begin to fall towards earth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| meteoroids that begin to burn up in earth's atmosphere. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| meteoroids that do not complete burn up in earth's atmosphere and so they strike earth's surface. |
|
|
Term
| where are most asteroids located? |
|
Definition
| in the asteroid belt which is located between Jupiter and Mars. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small bodies of rock and ice that have highly oval shaped orbits. |
|
|
Term
| what is so special about a comet's tail? |
|
Definition
| it ALWAYS points away from the sun. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of the universe and its nature, origin, and evolution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| theory that the universe began as a point and has been expanding ever since. expansion rather than explosion. |
|
|
Term
| what is happening to the expansion of the universe? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the bending of light as it passes between materials of different optical density. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the abrupt change in direction of light. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a continuum of all electromagnetic waves arranged according to frequency and wavelength. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| how often waves occur in a given time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the relationship between wavelength and frequency? |
|
Definition
| as frequency increases, wavelength decreases. as frequency decreases, wavelength increases. |
|
|
Term
| list the phases of the moon in the correct order. |
|
Definition
| new moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, third quarter, waning crescent. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when the moon moves between earth and the sun. the sun is blocked out during a solar eclipse. |
|
|
Term
| what is the capture theory? |
|
Definition
| the theory that the moon formed by it being trapped by earth's gravitational pull. |
|
|
Term
| what is the simultaneous formation theory? |
|
Definition
| the theory that the moon and earth formed at the same time in the same general area. |
|
|
Term
| what is the impact theory? |
|
Definition
| the theory that there was a gigantic collision between earth and a Mars-sized object. materials were ejected into space and merged together to form the moon. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| periodic rise and fall of the level of the ocean. gravity creates buldges of ocean water on both near and far sides of the earth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when the tides are HIGHER than normal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when tides are LOWER than normal. |
|
|
Term
| how are the sun, moon, and earth aligned during a spring tide? |
|
Definition
| they are in a straight line. |
|
|
Term
| how are the sun, moon, and earth aligned during a neap tide? |
|
Definition
| they are at a right angle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| broad gently sloping sides. lava accumulates in layers over time. non explosive eruptions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| steep sides and generally small. tephra accumulates around vent. ejects small pieces of magma. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large sloping volcano. accumulates volcanic fragments and lava. violent eruptions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unusually hot regions of earth's mantle where high temperature plumes of mantle material rise towards the surface. |
|
|
Term
| what is an active volcano? |
|
Definition
| a volcano that erupts regularly. it can be currently erupting or showing signs of unrest. |
|
|
Term
| What is and extinct volcano? |
|
Definition
| volcanoes that are unlikely to erupt again. they have no supply of magma or lava. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| and opening in earth's crust which lava erupts and flows out onto the surface. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a bowl shaped depression that forms around the central vent at the top of a volcano. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a bowl shaped depression that forms around the central vent at the top of a volcano. it forms when volcanoes collapse and they are larger than craters. |
|
|
Term
| where are most volcanoes found? |
|
Definition
| along covergent boundaries (80%) and along divergent boundaries (15%) and also at hotspots (5%). |
|
|
Term
| what are some negative effects of volcanoes? |
|
Definition
- volcanoes can erupt and release carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and water vapor into the air.
- global temperatures can be affected
- respiratory problems for humans
- pyroclastic flow, tephra, hot mud flows |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| it is the internal resistances to flow. when low, the flow moves fast and is less thick like water has low viscosity. when high the flow moves slow and is more thick like molasses has high viscosity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the amount of energy released during an earthquake. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the forces per unit area acting on a material. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the deformation of materials in response to stress. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is compression force? |
|
Definition
| decreases the volume of a material. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
