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Definition
| The apparent resistance that tries to change an object's state of motion or state of rest. |
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Term
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| A summarization of a hypothesis that has been proved with repeated testing. Can change as more evidence is discovered. |
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Definition
| Generalizes a body of observations. At the time no exceptions have been found. |
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| Why do science and religion seem to clash? |
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Definition
| Science changes and adapts as new information is discovered. Religion is fixed and based upon a set doctrine . |
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Term
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Definition
| An object at rest will stay at rest, or an object in motion will stay in motion, until it is acted upon by an outside force. |
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Term
| Newton's First Law of Motion |
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Definition
| Force is equal to the objects mass times the objects acceleration. |
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| Newton's Second Law of Motion |
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Definition
| For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. |
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Term
What causes your body to move toward the door when you go around a sharp corner in a car? |
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Definition
| The car is being turned but the inertia of your body continues in a straight line. |
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Term
What causes an object to move in a circular path? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you calculate density? |
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Definition
| Density is equal to mass over volume. |
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Term
| What unit is acceleration measured in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What unit is velocity measured in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What unit is time measured in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What unit is distance measured in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What unit is force measured in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What unit is power measured in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What unit is work measured in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What unit is potential and kinetic energy measured in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What unit is mass measured in? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| When a substance goes directly from solid to gas, without becoming a liquid. |
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Term
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Definition
| The measure of the average kinetic energy. |
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Term
| Relate specific heat to the temperature change of a material. |
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Definition
| An object with a higher specific heat will heat up slower and cool down slower. An object with a lower specific heat will heat up faster but also cool down faster. |
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Term
| What materials does conduction work best in? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do simple machines make work easier? |
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Definition
| Because they lower the amount of effort needed to do the job but they keep the amount of work the same. |
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Term
| What is the boiling point of water? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do we use convection to keep things warm? |
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Definition
| Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of particles. This can be seen when hot air rises in a room. |
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Term
| How do we use conduction to keep things warm? |
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Definition
| Conduction is the transfer of heat by the contact of molecules. This can be seen if you touch a hot stove and get burned or if a spoon sitting in soup gets hot. |
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Term
| How do we use radiation to keep things warm? |
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Definition
| Radiation is the transfer of heat in waves. So, anything thats warm makes it's surroundings warm too. The sun is an example of this. |
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Term
| What is the Law of Conservation of Energy? |
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Definition
| Energy cannot be created or destroyed only changed into a different form. |
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Term
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Definition
| Refraction is the bending of light; this is due to the change in speed of a light ray. |
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Term
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Definition
Having a wavelength just greater than that of the red end of the visable light spectrum and just less than microwaves. An example of this is anything you can see on an infrared camera (like on ghost shows, humans show up most vividly). |
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Term
| Where do electrostatic attractions come from? |
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Definition
| The atoms in ionic bonds. |
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Term
| What is potential difference measured in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is current measured in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is charge measured in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do transformers on a powerline change? |
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Definition
| Transformers change the incoming frequency and voltage of an alternating current. |
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Term
| What elements are magnetic? |
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Definition
| Iron, Copper, Nickel, Cobalt and Silver. |
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Term
| What types of radiation are on the electromagnetic spectrum? |
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Definition
| Gamma, X-ray, Micro, Radio, UV and Infrared. |
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Term
| What color on the electromagnetic spectrum has the highest energy? The Lowest? |
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Definition
| Violet is the highest energy. Red is the lowest. |
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Term
| What are the properties of metals? |
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Definition
| Shiny, ductile, malleable, good conductor of heat and energy. |
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Term
| What are the properties of non-metals? |
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Definition
| Opposite of metals: non-malleable, not shiny, not ductile, not a good conductor of heat or energy. |
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Term
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Definition
| An element that has a mixture of metal-like and non metal-like properties. |
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Term
| What is standard temperature and pressure? |
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Definition
| 0 degrees Celcius (or 273 degrees Kelvin) and 1 atm. |
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Term
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Definition
| Contains atoms of the same type. Cannot be broken down into anything smaller. |
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Term
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Definition
| Contains two or more elements chemically combined. Can only be broken down by chemical means. |
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Term
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Definition
| Can see seperate phases; not the same throughout. |
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Definition
| Cannot see seperate phases; the same throughout. |
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Term
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Definition
| A change in perceived frequency of a wave due to relative motion between the source and its observer. |
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Term
| How do you find the number of protons of an element by looking at the periodic table? |
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Definition
| Protons are found by looking at the atomic number of an element. |
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Term
| How do you find the number of electrons of an element by looking at the periodic table? |
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Definition
| Electrons is the same number as the number of protons. You find these by looking at the atomic number of the element. |
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Term
| How do you find the number of neutrons of an element by looking at the periodic table? |
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Definition
| You find the number of neutrons by subtracting the number of protons (atomic number) by the atomic mass of the element. |
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Term
| Where on the periodic table are the most chemically reactive elements? |
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Definition
| Excluding Hydrogen and the Noble Gases, the elements get more reactive as you get closer to the left and right of the periodic table. With the most reactive being the elements right next to the Noble Gases and the elements on the far left. |
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Term
| Why are halogens so reactive? |
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Definition
| These are the elements right next to the Noble Gases. They are one electron short of being a Noble Gas so they are super excited and willing to react with another element to get that electron. |
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Term
| How many electrons does the S orbital hold? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many electrons does the P orbital hold? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many electrons does the D orbital hold? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many electrons does the F orbital hold? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of nuclear reaction occurs in nuclear power plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the commen names for each of the groups/families on the periodic table? |
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Definition
Group 1: (excluding Hydrogen) Alkali Metals
Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals
Group 3-12: Transition Metals
Group 13: The Boron Group
Group 14: The Carbon Group
Group 15: The Nitrogen Group
Group 16: Chalcogens
Group 17: Halogens
Group 18: The Nobel Gases |
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Term
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Definition
| To become more stable and less likely to chemically react. Like, the Nobel Gases. Everybody wants to be a Noble Gas. |
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Term
| What are the three subatomic particles? Their charge? Their (aprox.) weight? Their location? |
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Definition
Proton: weighs 1 amu, positively charged, located in the nucleus.
Neutron: weighs 1 amu, no charge, located in the nucleus.
Electron: weighs 0 amu, negatively charged, located outside of the nucleus. |
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