Mixture

A collection of two or more pure substances

-
can be separated by physical means

True or False:

Most materials are mixtures

Pure materials consist of ______ element or compound.

Give examples:

a single

Examples:

Element:                            Compound:

Gold (Au)                             Salt (NaCl)

Sulfur (S8)                           Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Nitrogen (N2)                       Ammonia (NH3)

Impure materials consist of _____ elements or compounds and can be______ or ______.

Give examples:

two or more

Examples:

Homogenous:                               Heterogeneous:

(solutions)                                      Sand in water
Air (N2, O2)                                   Oil and water
Salt Water (NaCl, H2O)                  Sand and salt  

White Gold (Au, Pd)                    

(suspensions)

Milk (water, solid proteins)

Blood (water, solid proteins)

Fog (air, tiny water droplets)

True or False:

Is the air in your house a homogeneous or a heterogeneous mixture?

A.  Homogeneous, because it is mixed very well.

B.  Heterogeneous, because of the dust particles it contains.

C.  Homogeneous, because it is all at the same temperature.

D.  Heterogeneous, because it consists of different types of molecules.

B.  Heterogeneous, because of the dust particles it contains.

Solute:

Saturated:

Concentration:

Concentration =

A.  Solute

    Solution

B. Solution

     Solute

A.    Solute

      Solution

A homogenous mixture consisting of ions or molecules:

A. Solvent

B. Solution

C. Solute

D. Concentration

When a teaspoon of sugar is mixed in 1L of water, teh sugar is the ____ and the water is the ____:

A. solvent, concentration

B. solute, dilute

C. solute, solvent

D. concentration, solvent

What is the solvent it the gaseous solution we call air?

Nitrogen,

because it is the component that is present in the geratest quantity

When the solute is the greater amount in the solution, we call the solution:

A. diluted

B. concentrated

When the solute is the lesser amount in the solution, we call the solution:

A. diluted

B. concentrated

Mole: 

A super-large number, 6.02 x 1023, used to measure numbers of atoms or molecules

(a.k.a. Avogadro’s number.)

The formula mass of a substance expressed in grams contains one mole:

Substance                         Formula Mass

Carbon, C                                   12

Oxygen, O2                                32

Carbon dioxide, CO2                   44

Sucrose, C12H22O11                342                    How many moles of Carbon in

                                                                         12 grams of Carbon?

Water, H2O, has a formula mass of 18. How many moles of water are there in 18 grams of water?

A.  0.5 moles

number of moles of solute per liters of a solution

Molarity =    Moles of Solute

                 Liters of Solution

A "mole" of a unit equals:

6.02 x 1023 

of that unit

How many grams of water, H2O, are there in 2 moles of water?

A.  1 gram

ppm:

A unit of concentration expressed in milligrams solute in liters of solution.

1 ppm   =         1 Part Solute

                1,000,000 parts solution

Precipitate:

The amount of oxygen, O2, dissolved in the waters of the arctic ocean is greater, about equal to, or less than the amount of oxygen dissolved in warm tropical waters?

A.  Greater than

A. Greater than

Explanation:

The solubility of oxygen in water decreases with increasing temperature. As a consequence, cold polar oceans tend to be more fertile than warmer tropical waters.

Soap attracts “grime” by which type of molecular interaction?

A. Dipole–dipole

B. Induced dipole–induced dipole.

C. Hydrogen bonding

D. Dipole–induced dipole.

Which of the following is not a method of disinfecting drinking water?

A. Chlorine gas

B. Boiling

C. Aeration

D. Iodine tablets

C. Aeration

Water that is safe to drink is called:

A. Drinkable

B. Potable

C. Safe water

D. chlorinated