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| anything that occupies space and has mass |
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| the concept that all matter is made of exceedingly small particles |
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| The basic particle of matter from which all other matter is constructed. It consists of protons, neutrons, and electrons. |
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| A connection that atoms make with each other by sharing of transferring electrons and (usually) neutrons. |
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| the process of spreading out and mixing due to particle motion |
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| The microscopic, random jostling of suspended matter due to the collisions of innumerable gas or liquid particles in which the matter is suspended. |
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| the center of and atom. it contains protons and usually neutrons, which make up nearly all the mass of the atom |
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| a nuclear particle, or nucleon, that carries a single possitive fundamental charge. its mass is about 1863 time that of a electron's. the number of protons in an atom determines its identity as an element. |
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| a neutral nuclear particle, or nucleon. it has about the same mass as a proton, and its purpose seems to be stabilize the nucleus. |
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| a particle with unusual properties that carries a single negative fundamental charge. |
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| distinct particles formed when who of more atoms bond together |
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| an atom or molecule that has gained or lost electrons, thus producing an imbalance between the number of protons and electrons in the particle. |
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| a substance that contains only a single element or compound |
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| a pure substance that contains only one kind of atom. |
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| a pure substance consisting of atoms of two or more elements bonded together in a fixed ratio. |
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| a physical form of matter determined by the arrangement and energy of its particles. the three most common state of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. |
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| the state of a substance in which its particles occupy fixed positions. a solid id rigid, or nearly so, and has a definite volume and shape &and low compressibility. |
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| the state of a substance in which its particles are close together, but mobile. a liquid has a definite volume but no fixed shape. it has low compressibility, can flow, and has a free surface. |
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| the substance in which its particles are far apart and have large kinetic energies. a gas has no fixed volume or shape, is highly compressible, and is able to flow. |
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| a substance that can flow; a liquid or gas. |
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| the pressure a gas exerts on it container or on an object immersed in it. |
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| any feature of matter that can be observed or measured without altering the kind of matter being studied |
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| any change that does not alter the composition of a substance |
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| a feature of a substance that describes how its chemical identity changes in the presence of another substance or under certain conditions. |
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| any change in a substance that alters its compositions (the kind and ration of elements in the substance) |
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| the change of state from a solid to a liquid when thermal energy is absorbed. |
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| the temp @ which a pure solid is turned in a liquid at 1atm; the same temp as the freezing point. |
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| the change of state from a liquid to a solid when thermal energy is released. |
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| the temp @ which freezing occurs t 1 atm; the same as the melting point. |
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| any process in which particles of a liquid enter the gaseous phase |
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| the temp and pressure @ which boiling occurs |
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| relatively slow vaporization that occur when a liquid's temp is below its boiling point but above its freezing point. _______________ occurs only @ the surface of the liquid. |
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| the change of state from a solid directly a vapor (or vice versa) @ temps below the melting point of the substance |
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| the change if stat from gas to liquid when thermal energy is released to the surroundings. |
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