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Physical Science Final
Chapter 9-13
32
Science
8th Grade
06/02/2009

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Term
Chemical Reaction
Definition
a process in which one or more substances change to make one or more new substances.
Term
Precipitate
Definition
a soild substance that forms in solution.
Term
Endothermic Reaction
Definition
chemical reaction in which energy is released.
Term
Endothermic Reaction
Definition
chemical reaction in which energy is taken in.
Term
Law of Conservation of Energy
Definition
states that energy cannot be created or destroyed.
Term
Chemical Formula
Definition
a shorthand way to the use chemical symbols and numbers to represent a substance.
Term
Reactants
Definition
starting materials in a chemical reaction.
Term
Products
Definition
substances formed from a reaction.
Term
Law of Conservation of Mass
Definition
This law states that mass cannot be created nor destroyed in chemical physical changes.
Term
Chemical Bond
Definition
an interaction that holds atoms and ions together.
Term
Ionic Compounds
Definition
compounds that have ionic bonds.
Term
Covelent Compounds
Definition
compounds that are formed when atoms share electrons.
Term
Acid
Definition
any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions, H3O+, when dissolved in water.
Term
Indicator
Definition
substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or a base.
Term
Base
Definition
any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions, OH-, when disolved in water.
Term
Neutralization Reaction
Definition
the reaction between acids and bases.
Term
pH
Definition
a measure of the hydronium ion concentrarion in the solution.
Term
Salt
Definition
an ionic compound formed the positive ion of a base and the negative ion of an acid.
Term
Organic Compounds
Definition
compounds that contain carbon.
Term
Carbohydrates
Definition
biochemicals that are composed of sugar molocules bonded together.
Term
Lipids
Definition
biochamicals that do not disolve in water, a fat molocule.
Term
Proteins
Definition
biochemicals that are made of much smaller molocules call amino acids.
Term
Necleic Acids
Definition
biochemicals made up of nucleotides.
Term
Motion
Definition
when an object changes position over time relative to a reference point.
Term
Average Speed
Definition
the total distance traveled divided by total time taken.
Term
Velocity
Definition
the speed of an object as well as the direction in which the object is moving.
Term
Acceleration
Definition
the rate at which velocity changes over time.
Term
Force
Definition
a push or pull exerted on an object in order to change the motion of the object; force has size and direction.
Term
Newton
Definition
the SI unit used to describe the maghitude, or size, of a force.
Term
Net Force
Definition
the combination of the forces acting on an object.
Term
Friction
Definition
a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching.
Term
Gravity
Definition
a force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses.
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