Term
| A proton has what type of electrical charge? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which subatomic particle has a negative charge? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following two particles are found in the nucleus of an atom? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A neutron has what type of electrical charge? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If an atom has 3 protons, 3 neutrons, and 2 electrons, what is the electrical charge of the atom? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following subatomic particles are found outside the nucleus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An electron has what type of electrical charge? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If an atom has 2 protons, 3 neutrons, and 3 electrons, what is the electrical charge of the atom? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which subatomic particle has a positive charge? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which subatomic particle has no charge? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A neutral atom that loses electrons will have what kind of charge? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is the tendency for a material to oppose the flow of electrons and change electrical energy into thermal energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following correctly describes voltage difference? |
|
Definition
| The push that causes charges to move |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes how electric charges flow? |
|
Definition
| They flow from high potential to low potential |
|
|
Term
| What does the following statement describe? A current equals the voltage difference divided by the resistance. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following creates a voltage difference? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes resistance? |
|
Definition
| impedes the flow of electrons |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a common source of voltage difference? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Electrical potential that makes a charge move known as which of the following? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A closed conducting loop through which an electrical current can flow is which of the following? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Voltage sources are used to sustain |
|
Definition
| the movement of electric charge |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following are voltage sources? |
|
Definition
| batteries and wall sockets |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes the measure of the flow of electrical charge? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes the interaction between a south pole and a north pole of a magnet? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| If a magnet is attracted to another magnet what can you say about the pole of the first magnet and the pole of the other magnet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes a magnetic field? |
|
Definition
| the area where the magnetic force is exerted |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following produces a magnetic field? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes what occurs to the magnetic field produced by a current carrying wire when there is no electric current flowing through the wire? |
|
Definition
| there is no magnetic field |
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|
Term
| The direction of the magnetic field is determined by which of the following? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The area where the magnetic force is exerted is known as which of the following? |
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Definition
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Term
| The strength of the magnetic field around a current-carrying wire is determined by which of the following? |
|
Definition
| the amount of current in the wire |
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Term
| Which of the following occurs when the strength of the current flowing through a wire is increases? |
|
Definition
| The magnetic field is increased. |
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|
Term
| If a magnet repels a metal object what can you say about the pole of the magnet and the pole of the object? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When an electric current is flowing through a wire which of the following is also produced? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following would describe the interaction between two north poles of a magnet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes the interaction between two south poles of a magnet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An electromagnet is a temporary magnet due to which of the following? |
|
Definition
| The magnet is only present when a current is present |
|
|
Term
| Which type of magnet is created from an electromagnet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A wind turbine captures the mechanical energy of wind and uses a generator to produce: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Electromagnetic induction uses a magnetic field to create which of the following? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Faraday's law calculates voltage. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Faraday's law, voltage cannot be changed by changing the magnetic field strength. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes the production of an electric current by moving a loop of wire through a magnetic field or moving a magnet through a wire loop? |
|
Definition
| electromagnetic induction |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following best describe a generator? |
|
Definition
| provides an electrical power output |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes electromagnetic induction? |
|
Definition
| moving a loop of wire through a magnetic field to create an electric current |
|
|
Term
| Electromagnetic Induction states that moving a magnet through a loop of wire creates which of the following? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When a generator rotates a coil of wire in a magnetic field, which of the following is produced? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a generator, mechanical energy is converted to: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a type of generator in a car? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When generators use mechanical energy, what type of energy is produced? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Electromagnetic induction creates electrical energy by using which of the following types of energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which if the following pieces of information are needed to calculate work? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a compound machine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes the way an object moves when an unbalanced force acts upon it? |
|
Definition
| The object will move in the direction of the force. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes a compound machine? |
|
Definition
| A compound machine is two or more simple machines working together. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes effort force? |
|
Definition
| force applied to the machine |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following correctly describes what power measures? |
|
Definition
| the rate at which work is done |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating power? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You have done 3,404 J of work with a force of 37 N on a 46-kg object. Over what distance did you do the work? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following simple machines does a person use when raising a flag up a flagpole? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Because simple machines are so basic, they do very little good in modern days and are not able to make work easier. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following contains a wheel and axle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A wheelbarrow is a compound machine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is calculated by dividing work by time? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes something that makes work easier? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A car is a compound machine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is found in an axe? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes what happens to the amount of work when using a ramp to move a heavy object? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The lid on a jar is an example of which simple machine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A shovel is a compound machine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A pencil sharpener contains which simple machine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| As work is done what happens to energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes the mechanical advantage of a compound machine? |
|
Definition
| A compound machine's mechanical advantage is determined by the mechanical advantage of the simple machines that make it up. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes a machine that is made up of a lever and a wedge? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A stapler is a compound machine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A stapler is an example of which simple machine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes what occurs when energy is transferred and work is being done on an object? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is Joules used to measure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A lawn mower is an example of a compound machine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which kind of transformer increases the voltage of an alternating current? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Amperes is the measure of which of the following? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following choices best describes how electrons are transferred from one object to another? |
|
Definition
| Electrons are transferred when objects come into direct contact with each other |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a magnet only when a current is present? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The electrical current in a circuit is measured in which of the following units? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Volts is the measure of which of the following |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A 1.5 v battery is connected to a wire with a 1.1 A current flowing through it. Use Ohm's law to calculate the resistance of the wire. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is the unit of measurement for electrical current in a circuit? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Ohm's law as the current increases the voltage must do which of the following?. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is the correct term for the alignment of atoms in a magnet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A 3.5 V battery is connected to a wire with a resistance of 2.5 Ohms. Use Ohm's law to calculate the current for this wire. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following activities would create an electric charge? |
|
Definition
| None of the above; electric charge cannot be created or destroyed. |
|
|
Term
| According to Faraday's law, voltage can be changed by moving magnets away from the coil of wire. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following has only one loop for a current to flow through? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An electric current is produced by which of the following processes? |
|
Definition
| Electromagnetic induction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| As the magnetic field increases, which of the following also increases? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A neutral atom that gains electrons will have what kind of charge? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which kind of transformer decreases the voltage of an alternating current? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An iron nail that comes in contact with a strong magnet may become a magnet itself because of which of the following? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describe a magnet that only has a field when current is present? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An electromagnetic produces mechanical energy from which of the following? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A loop of wire moving through a magnetic field will create which of the following? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a device that increases or decreases the voltage of an alternating current? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Visible light is the part of the electromagnetic spectrum between infrared and ultraviolet light. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dispersion is the separation of white light into separate colors by |
|
Definition
| differences in wavelength |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following best defines amplitude? |
|
Definition
| one-half the height between the crest and the trough |
|
|
Term
| During constructive interference, two waves moving through the same medium will |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of wave is associated with earthquakes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In nature, waves are observed in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Another name for destructive interference is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which two factors are needed in order to calculate the speed of a wave? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The amount of energy transported by a wave is most closely related to the wavelength of the wave. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the frequency in vibrations per second of a 200 hertz wave? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Under the Doppler Effect, an observer behind a moving wave source observes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A photon is a massless bundle of electromagnetic energy. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is an example of electromagnetic waves in nature? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which behavior of waves should the designers of concert halls and auditoriums study in order to ensure best sound quality? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During constructive interference, two waves travel through the same medium and the effects of the first wave are ___________ the effects of the second wave. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| All the colors of visible light can be combined to form |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Police radar works to detect speeding cars by use of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is the best definition of reflection? |
|
Definition
| bouncing back of a wave into its original medium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In which type of matter do sound waves generally travel the slowest? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| slightly increase the speed of sound |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is an example of a mechanical wave? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ear drum vibrates when struck by sound waves and directly sends a message to the brain that is then recognized as sound. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Under the Doppler Effect, if the source of a wave is moving, it must be changing the frequency of the wave. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Noise pollution can lead to the disruption of speech communication in children. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Refraction of sound waves often takes place when |
|
Definition
| there are temperature differences in air |
|
|
Term
| Where is visible light found on the electromagnetic spectrum? |
|
Definition
| in between infrared and ultraviolet light |
|
|
Term
| The light we see coming from the moon is _________ light from the sun. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is one way that light differs from sound? |
|
Definition
| Light can travel through a vacuum |
|
|
Term
| Water waves change direction when they encounter water of different depths and begin to move at different wave speeds. This is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An alpha particle is made up of two protons and two neutrons. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The flow of electrons through a circuit is measured in which of the following units? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is an example of an incline plane? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following simple machines is categorized with the levers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is contained in a bicycle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When you decrease the length of the effort arm on a lever which of the following happens to effort force? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What will occur if you increase the effort arm on lever? |
|
Definition
| It will decrease the amount of force needed. |
|
|
Term
| If a magnet is broken in half what occurs? |
|
Definition
| new north and south poles are created |
|
|
Term
| In a chemical reaction, there must be the same number of atoms in the product side as there are on the reactants side. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes an electric fan? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your body is a compound machine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Under the Doppler Effect, an observer behind a moving wave source observes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following would cause an atom to have a positive electric charge? |
|
Definition
| having more protons than electrons |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes the principle of conservation of charge? |
|
Definition
| charge cannot be created or destroyed, just transferred |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes the flow of charges through a wire or a conductor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of nuclear waste is most dangerous to humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Radio waves can be damaging to the human body because they are the waves with the most photon energy. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Consider the chemical equation CH4 + 2 O2 → CO2 + 2 H2O. In this equation, CH4 is a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nuclear fission is best described as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is an example of a chemical change? |
|
Definition
| using magnesium to displace hydrogen gas from water |
|
|
Term
| Echolocation is based on the use of sound |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is contained in a pull start lawnmower? |
|
Definition
| a pulley and a wheel and axle |
|
|
Term
| The alignment of atoms where the north poles face one way and the south poles face the opposite way is also known as which of the following? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is needed to create an electromagnet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When two nuclei of light elements are forced together at extremely high temperature, which of the following has occurred? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following could be used to increase a magnetic field of a wire? |
|
Definition
| Create a loop out of the wire. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following has two or more branches for the current to flow through? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Faraday's law states that voltage can be changed by moving the coil out of the magnetic field. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are frequency and period related to each other? |
|
Definition
| They are reciprocals of each other |
|
|
Term
| The nerve that carries sound messages to your brain is the cochlear nerve. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes the production of an electric current by moving a loop of wire through a magnetic field or moving a magnet through a wire loop? |
|
Definition
| electromagnetic induction |
|
|
Term
| A lawn sprinkler is a compound machine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is the best definition of reflection? |
|
Definition
| bouncing back of a wave into its original medium |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following can be calculated when given the radius of a wheel and the radius of an axle? |
|
Definition
| the mechanical advantage of the wheel and axle |
|
|
Term
| A photon is a massless bundle of electromagnetic energy. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A drill bit is an example of which simple machine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When the source of a wave is moving relative to an observer of the wave, which of the following is true? |
|
Definition
| observers ahead of the wave observe an apparent increase in wave frequency |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following describes a knife? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the chemical formula 3NH4, how many total atoms of nitrogen (N) are there? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Refraction of sound waves often takes place when |
|
Definition
| there are temperature differences in air |
|
|
Term
| Noise pollution can be annoying but does not pose any threat to human health. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the speed of a wave that has a frequency of 45 Hz and a wavelength of 0.1 meters? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following are emitted during radioactive decay? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most nuclear waste generated in the US is _______ and can be disposed in landfills. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nuclear fusion takes place at |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following represents a physical change to matter? |
|
Definition
| melting a stick of butter |
|
|
Term
| When balancing an equation you can |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If an atomic nucleus spontaneously emits two protons and two neutrons, then ________has taken place. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of nuclear reaction is used in commercial power plants? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of nuclear waste can be disposed of in a landfill? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Matter is _______ energy because matter is always ___________ in a chemical reaction. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In an exothermic chemical reaction, the energy that is given off by the reaction comes from |
|
Definition
| stored energy in the chemical bonds of the reactants |
|
|
Term
| Which generalized equation represents a decomposition reaction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The nuclear fission process releases neutrons and |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During an endothermic reaction, energy is __________ the surroundings. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a nuclear power plant, the chain reaction takes place within the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction that involves the production of glucose (sugar) from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight. Photosynthesis is what kind of reaction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Energy is the capacity to do work, but NOT to produce heat. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Suppose you have 50 grams of a radioactive isotope with a half-life of 2 years. How much of the isotope will you have after 4 years? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What types of fuel is most commonly used in nuclear power plants? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many total oxygen (O) atoms are present in the reactants side of the equation C2H2OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When chemical bonds are formed, energy is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a nuclear chain reaction, _______ are used to trigger fission reactions. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During and exothermic reaction, energy is _______ the surroundings. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which generalized equation represents a synthesis reaction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to the law of conservation of energy, the total amount of energy in the universe is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens to the reactants when a chemical reaction takes place? |
|
Definition
| Their chemical bonds are broken and rearranged. |
|
|
Term
| Endothermic reactions do not obey the law of conservation of energy since they do not give off any energy. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Suppose two chemicals are reacted together. It takes 750 kJ of energy to break the bonds of the reactants and 1050 kJ of energy are released by the formation of the products. Which statement is true about the reaction? |
|
Definition
| The reaction is exothermic. |
|
|
Term
| When two nuclei of light elements are forced together at extremely high temperature, which of the following has occurred? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following represents a chemical change to matter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which number should be placed in the blank to make the equation balanced? N2 + ___O2 → 2NO2. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Suppose two chemicals are reacted together. It takes 600 kJ of energy to break the bonds of the reactants and 950 kJ of energy are released by the formation of the products. What is ∆H for the reaction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to the law of conservation of energy, the total amount of energy in the universe is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which generalized equation represents a single displacement reaction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Aristotle believed that everything on Earth is made of one of only 4 types of material: earth, air, water, or fire. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A _______ is a very massive object in space that does not allow any object or radiation to escape its gravitational hold. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An HR diagram plots a star’s luminosity and surface temperature. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___________ used math to show that the planets move in ellipses, not perfect circles, around the Sun. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The phenomenon of cosmological redshift demonstrates that the universe is expanding. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Parallax of the stars is created by |
|
Definition
| different locations of Earth in its orbit |
|
|
Term
| The magnitude of a star is an expression of a star’s |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A ___________ is a collection of dust and gas held together by gravity. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Some argue that space exploration makes our country better because it gives us __________ advantage over other countries. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is the best definition of a galaxy? |
|
Definition
| system of stars, gas, and other planetary objects |
|
|
Term
| A black hole is a remnant of a ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Early U.S. rocket technology was based in part on information taken from German V-2 rockets. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what year was the U.S. Space Shuttle program set to retire before the government extended the program? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Scientists believe that more than 70% of the universe is made of ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A pulsar is a type of __________ that rotates very rapidly and emits electromagnetic radiation. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stars are luminous balls of _______. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| A star’s parallax angle is 0.8. How far away is the star in parsecs? |
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Definition
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Term
| If we observe a star over 6 months and obtain a parallax angle (p) for the star, how can we calculate the distance to the star? |
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Definition
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Term
| Galaxies moving away from us will emit light that is redder than we would otherwise expect. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why will a set of stars appear at a different angle to us at different times of the year? |
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Definition
| because we change location as Earth orbits the sun |
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Term
| Which of the following is a key component of the U.S. Space Shuttle program? |
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Definition
| designing re-usable spacecraft |
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Term
| The first satellite to orbit the Earth was the U.S.-made spacecraft called Sputnik. |
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Definition
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Term
| How long would it probably take to make a manned trip to Mars? |
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Definition
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