Term
| HEENT common or concerning symptoms |
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Definition
| headache, change in vision (hyperopia, presbyopia, myopia, scotomas), double vision, diplopia, hearing loss, earache, tinnitus, vertigo, nosebleed, epistaxis, sore throat, hoarseness, swollen glands, goiter |
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Term
| Headache lifetime prevalence |
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Definition
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Term
| % of headaches that are migraines? |
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Definition
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Term
| Life-threatening causes of headache? |
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Definition
| subdural or intracranial hemorrhage, mass lesion |
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Term
| Questions asked during headache evaluation? |
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Definition
| 7 attributes of pain. One-sided or bilateral? Steady or throbbing? Continuous or intermittent? |
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Term
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Definition
| no identifiable underlying cause |
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Term
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Definition
| symptom of other conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| recent onset (< 6 mo.), onset after 50 years, acute onset ("thunderclap"), "the worst headache of my life", elevated BP, rash or infection, cancer, HIV, pregnancy, vomiting, head trauma, neurologic deficits |
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Term
| Possible life-threatening causes of severe headache with sudden onset? |
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Definition
| meningitis, subarachnoid hemorrhage |
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Term
| Episodic headaches that peak over several hours? |
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Definition
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Term
| New and persisting, progressively severe headaches? |
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Definition
| Possible tumor, abscess, mass lesion |
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Term
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Definition
| migraine, cluster headaches |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| migraine, brain tumors, subarachnoid hemorrhage |
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Term
| Occurs commonly with migraines: |
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Definition
| prodrome (unusual feelings such as euphoria, craving for food, fatigue, dizziness), aura (including photophobia, scintillating scotomata, or reversible visual and sensory symptoms), family history |
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Term
| Coughing or sneezing, changing position of head makes a headache better or worse? |
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Definition
| brain tumor or acute sinusitis |
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Term
| Medications that may cause headache if taken more than 2 days a week? |
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Definition
| Overuse of analgesics, ergotamine, triptans |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| aging vision/near sightedness |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Sudden, painless, unilateral blurred vision possible causes? |
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Definition
| vitreous hemorrhage from DM or trauma, macular degeneration, retinal detachment, retinal vein occlusion, central retinal artery occlusion. |
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Term
| Sudden, painful, unilateral blurred vision possible causes? |
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Definition
| Problem in cornea and anterior chamber: corneal ulcer, uveitis, traumatic hyphema, acute glaucoma, optic neuritis from MS |
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Term
| Sudden, painless, bilateral visual loss |
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Definition
| Medications such as cholinergics, anticholinergics, steroids |
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Term
| Sudden, painful, bilateral vision loss |
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Definition
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Term
| Slow central vision blurring |
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Definition
| nuclear cataract, macular degeneration |
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Term
| peripheral vision blurring |
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Definition
| advanced open-angle glaucoma |
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Term
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Definition
| hemianopsia, quadrantic defects |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Moving specks or strands in vision |
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Definition
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Term
| fixed scotomas indicate what? |
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Definition
| lesions in the retina or visual pathways |
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Term
| flashing lights or new vitreous floaters suggest what? |
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Definition
| detachment of vitreous from retina |
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Term
| Questions to ask about vision |
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Definition
| Ask about pain, redness, excessive tearing or watering |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| diplopia with images side by side |
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Definition
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Term
| diplopia with images on top of each other |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| lesion in brainstem or cerebellum, weakness or paralysis of one or more extraocular muscles |
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Term
| Cause of horizontal diplopia |
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Definition
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Term
| cause of vertical diplopia |
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Definition
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Term
| cause of diplopia in one eye |
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Definition
| problem in cornea or lens |
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Term
| Hearing loss may be caused by: |
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Definition
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Term
| conductive hearing loss results from: |
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Definition
| problems with external or middle ear |
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Term
| sensorineural hearing loss results from: |
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Definition
| problems with inner ear, cochlear nerve, or central connections to brain |
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Term
| Trouble understanding speech indicates what? |
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Definition
| sensorineural hearing loss |
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Term
| If noisy environments help pt hear? |
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Definition
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Term
| Medications that affect hearing: |
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Definition
| aminoglycosides, aspirin, NSAIDs, quinine, furosemide |
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Term
| possible symptoms associated with hearing loss: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| problem with outer ear, such as otitis externa |
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Term
| If pain in ear and respiratory infection? |
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Definition
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Term
| Pain in ear, not originating in ear: |
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Definition
| may be referred from mouth, throat, or neck |
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Term
| discharge from ear with earache or trauma? |
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Definition
| Unusually soft wax, debris from inflammation or rash, or discharge through perforated eardrum may be secondary to otitis media |
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Term
| musical ringing, rushing, or roaring sound without external stimulus involving one or both ears. May accompany hearing loss. |
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Definition
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Term
| tinnitus with hearing loss and vertigo |
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Definition
| suggests Meniere's disease |
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Term
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Definition
| problem in labyrinths of inner ear, peripheral lesions of CN VIII, or lesions in its central pathways or nuclei in the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| Pulled to the ground or one side? Clamminess or flushing, N/V? Medications? |
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Term
| True vertigo may be caused by: |
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Definition
| central or peripheral lesion of CN VIII |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| rhinorrhea may be caused by |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| may be caused by excessive use of decongestants |
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Term
| symptoms of acute bacterial sinusitis |
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Definition
| symptoms appearing after URI, pain on bending forward, maxillary toothache, fever or local headache, tenderness of sinuses |
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Term
| Drugs that can cause nasal stuffiness |
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Definition
| oral contraceptives, reserpine, guanethidine, alcohol |
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Term
| Nasal congestion on one side may indicate: |
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Definition
| deviated septum, foreign body, tumor |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| epistaxis may be caused by: |
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Definition
| trauma (nose picking), inflammation, drying of mucosa, tumors, foreign bodies, bleeding disorders |
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Term
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Definition
| Differentiate from hemoptysis and hematemesis. Recurrent? Easy bruising/bleeding elsewhere in the body? |
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Term
| streptococcal pharyngitis in lay terms |
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Definition
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Term
| streptococcal pharyngitis symptoms: |
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Definition
| fever, pharyngeal exudates, anterior lymphadenopathy, especially without cough |
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Term
| a sore tongue may be caused by: |
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Definition
| local lesions, systemic illness, aphthous ulcers |
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Term
| sore, smooth tongue indicates: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| acute infection, disease of larynx, extralaryngeal lesions pressing on laryngeal nerves, allergy, smoking, inhaled irritants |
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Term
| vision problem common in young adults |
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Definition
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Term
| Examine lens and fundi for: |
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Definition
| cataracts, mottling of the macula, variations in retinal pigmentation, |
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Term
| macular degeneration signs: |
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Definition
| subretinal hemorrhage or exudate |
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Term
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Definition
| change in size and pallor of the optic cup. Optic cup enlarges to more than half the diameter of the optic disc. |
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Term
| Treatment for macular degeneration: |
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Definition
| photocoagulation for choroidal neovascularization |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| primary open-angle glaucoma |
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Term
| Leading cause of blindness in African Americans, and second cause for all races. Half of those with this disease are unaware that they have it. |
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Definition
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Term
| Is screening for POAG done routinely? |
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Definition
| No. Treatment may cause cataracts. |
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Term
| POAG results from loss of: |
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Definition
| retinal ganglion cell axions, initial loss of peripheral visual fields |
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Term
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Definition
| family Hx, DM, myopia, ocular hypertension (IOP >20 mm Hg). Not all have elevated IOP, so tonometry no longer recommended for screening. Blindness in 5%. |
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Term
| screening tools for hearing loss: |
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Definition
| questionnaires and hand-held audioscopes |
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Term
| Risk factors for hearing loss: |
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Definition
| family Hx, syphilis, rubella, meningitis |
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Term
| Oral warning signs of oral cancer and HIV: |
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Definition
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Term
| Reduced salivary flow causes risk for: |
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Definition
| tooth decay, mucositis, gum disease from xerostomia |
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Term
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Definition
| reduce bacterial plaque and risk of malodor |
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Term
| Relieve soreness and pressure from dentures by: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| superficial to and behind mandible. Visible and palpable when enlarged. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| position for feeling submandibular gland |
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Definition
| bow and press tongue against lower incisors |
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Term
| openings of parotid and submandibular ducts visible where? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the superficial temporal artery palpable and visible? |
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Definition
| Palpable just in front of ear. Sometimes visible on forehead. |
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Term
| location of mastoid portion of temporal bone |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| hair texture with hypo/hyperthyroidism? |
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Definition
| fine hair with hyper, coarse with hypo |
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Term
| redness or scaling of scalp may be: |
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Definition
| seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis |
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Term
| soft lumps on scalp may be: |
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Definition
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Term
| enlarged skull may indicate: |
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Definition
| hydrocephalus or Paget's disease of bone |
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Term
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Definition
| polycystic ovary syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| term for the opening between the eyelids |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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