Term
| functions of the integument |
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Definition
-protection from environment
-retain body fluids
-regulation of temperature and BP
-sense of touch
-vitamin D production
-excretion of waste and water
-emotional expression
-repair wounds
-physical presentation to others |
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Term
| 3 layers of integument from superficial to deep |
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Definition
| epidermis, dermis, hypodermis |
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Term
| 5 layers of epidermis from superficial to deep |
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Definition
stratum corneum
stratum lucidum (only in thick skin)
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum germinativum |
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Term
| What is in the stratum germinativum? |
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Definition
| keratinocytes and melanocytes |
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Term
| What is found in the dermis? |
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Definition
| glands, hair follicles, capillary beds, sensory fibers |
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Term
| What are the layers of the dermis? |
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Definition
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Term
| The hypodermis makes up the __________ layer of the integument. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the appendages of the integument? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
-regulate body temperature through water secretion
-open onto skin surface |
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Term
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Definition
-larger with hormonal influence
-located in axillae, groin, nipples, areolae, eyelids, external ear |
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Term
|
Definition
| bacterial decomposition of sweat |
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Term
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Definition
-secrete sebum
-open into hair shaft |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| "moon shape" at base of nail |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| allows you to check for fluorescence of skin lesion |
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Term
|
Definition
| using a glass slide to press against a lesion to check for blanchability |
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Term
| What characteristics need to be discussed when describing a skin lesion? |
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Definition
size
shape
color
type of lesion
location
margination
arrangement
distribution
elevation or depression
dedunculation
texture
mobility
turgor
exudate |
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Term
|
Definition
-flat
- <1 cm
-usually circumscribed
-color different from surrounding area
-ex: freckle |
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Term
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Definition
-flat
- >1 cm
- +/- regular shape
-color different from surrounding area
-ex: port-wine stain, vitiligo |
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Term
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Definition
-elevated
- <1 cam
-circumscribed
- +/- same color as surrounding area |
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Term
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Definition
-elevated
-firm
- >1 cm
-usually rough with a flat top surface
-ex: psoriasis |
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Term
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Definition
-elevated
- <1cm
-circumscribed
-superficial
-serous fluid filled
-ex: small blister, shingles |
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Term
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Definition
-elevated
- >1cm
-circumscribed
-serous fluid filled
-ex: large blister |
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Term
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Definition
-elevated
-superficial
-filled with purulent material
-ex: small pox |
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Term
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Definition
-elevated
-circumscribed
-filled with liquid or semi-solid material
-encapsulated, not superficial
-ex: sebaceous cyst |
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Term
|
Definition
-elevated
-1-2 cm
-circumscribed
-firm, deeper into dermis |
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Term
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Definition
-elevated
- >2cm
- +/- demarcarted
-solid, deeper into dermis
-AKA: neoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
-elevated
-variable size
-irregular borders
-cutaneous edema
-spongy, transient (comes and goes)
-ex: hives, bug bites |
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Term
|
Definition
-flaky, thick or thin, oily or dry
-variable size
-heaped up keratin |
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Term
|
Definition
-rough, thickened area
-often on flexor surface of extremity
-produced by rubbing, scratching, irritation
-ex: eczema |
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Term
|
Definition
-slightly elevated
-dried exudate (color dependent on fluid of origin)
-variable size
-ex: impetigo (honey-colored crust) |
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Term
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Definition
-thick or thin
-variable size
-fibrous tissue following injury
-various stages of healing possible |
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Term
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Definition
-thinning of skin
-loss of skin lines
-tranluscency |
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Term
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Definition
-elevated scar
-progressively enlarging, beyond border of initial lesion
-excessive collagen formation and deposition
-more common in African Americans |
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Term
|
Definition
-loss of epidermal layer, usually from a scratch or abrasion
-linear or hollowed-out
- +/- crust |
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Term
|
Definition
-loss of epidermis or part of it; depression
-usually moist or glistening
-may be after rupture of vesicle or bulla, or from an excoriation |
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Term
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Definition
-loss of epidermis and dermis, possibly to muscle
-variable size/shape
-ex: bed sores |
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Term
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Definition
-linear
-break in epidermis to dermis
-dry or moist (maceration)
-ex: anal fissure |
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Term
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Definition
-nonblanchable
-red-purple in color
-infection, intravascular defect (capillary breakage)
petechia <0.5 cm
purpura >0.5 cm |
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Term
|
Definition
-nonblanchable
-red-purple to yellow-green
-variable size
-trauma, vasculitis, vascular wall destruction
-ex: bruise |
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Term
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Definition
-blanchable
-fine, irregular borders
-red to purple in color
-dilation of capillaries resulting from increased pressure
-ex: spider veins |
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Term
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Definition
-red central body
-spider-like "legs"
-blanchable
-may be idiopathic or associated with diseases and deficiencies (liver disease) |
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Term
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Definition
-blanchable (young lesion)
-nonblanchable (older lesion)
-red to purple in color
-dome-shaped |
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Term
|
Definition
-blanchable
-may involute
-dilation of dermal capillaries
-red to purple in color
-benign, usually in kids (either born with them or develop within first few months)
-usually go away on their own |
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Term
|
Definition
-nonblanchable
-look like spider veins but are not
-bluish in color
-spider, linear, or irregular in shape
-superficial veins from increased pressure |
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Term
|
Definition
-nonblanchable
-look like spider veins but are not
-bluish in color
-spider, linear, or irregular in shape
-superficial veins from increased pressure |
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Term
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Definition
-blue to purple in color
-papular
- +/- blanchable
-dilated venule
-may be due to sun exposure
-mostly in elderly on head, face, ears |
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Term
|
Definition
Asymmetry
Border
Color
Diameter
Evolving |
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Term
| What can odor of the skin signify? |
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Definition
-infection
-deficiency
-metabolic disorder
-neurological disorder |
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Term
|
Definition
tinea unguium (onychomycosis)
pseudomonas (associated with water)
paronychia |
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Term
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Definition
| nail turns balck and falls off |
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Term
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Definition
| white ridges in nail from trauma |
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Term
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Definition
| indent and white ridge from picking cuticles |
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Term
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Definition
| nail plate separates from nail matrix |
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Term
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Definition
| pitting, onycholysis, discoloration, subungual thickening |
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Term
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Definition
"spoon nail"
iron deficiency anemia, thyroid disease (can result from trauma) |
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Term
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Definition
transverse indention on nails
can indicated CAD, hypocalcemia, chronic illness; develop weeks after stressor |
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Term
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Definition
half white/half pink nails
can indicate cirrhosis, hypoalbuminemia, CHF |
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Term
|
Definition
| can indicated respiratory and cardiovascular disease, as well as cirrhosis, colitis, and thyroid disorders |
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