Term
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Definition
| - refers to sudden intense exercise |
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Term
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Definition
| exercise that can be continued at a steady rate for a long period of time. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| - function without oxygen |
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Term
| Aerobic catabolic pathways- |
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Definition
| - pathways that completely oxidize foodstuff molecules to CO2 and H20 using O2, capturing in ATP bonds much of the chemical energy thus released. |
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Term
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Definition
| series of four major protein complexes, plus other compounds, located in the inner membranes of mitochondria |
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Term
| Oxidative phosphorylation |
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Definition
| process of forming ATP from ADP using energy released by the transport of electrons through the electron-transport chain. |
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Term
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Definition
| linkage of electron transport with oxidative phosphorylation |
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Term
| Substrate-level phosphorylations |
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Definition
| phosphorylations where additional ATP molecules are generated by several reactions in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle. |
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Term
| Reduction-oxidation balance |
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Definition
| a cell is in redox balance for such a compound if the cell possesses the means to remove electrons from the compound as fast as electrons are added to it. |
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Term
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Definition
| entire sequence of reactions that converts glucose to lactic acid. |
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Term
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Definition
| conversion of lactic acid or pyruvic acid to glucose or glycogen. |
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Term
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Definition
| mechanism is in steady state if it produces ATP as fast as ATP is used, it uses raw materials no faster than they are replenished, and its chemical by products are voided as fast as they are made. |
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Term
| Nonsteady state mechanism |
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Definition
| ATP production depletes supplies, accumulates products, or otherwise alters the condition of its own operation at rates fast enough that the mechanism is self-terminating. |
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Term
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Definition
| individual in a particular state of training is capable of a certain maximal rate of O2 consumption. |
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Term
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Definition
| exercise requiring less than max O2 consumption |
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Term
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Definition
| exercise that requires more than an individual’s maximal rate of O2 consumption. |
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Term
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Definition
| Body’s supply of O2 from the environment (actual uptake) is less than its theoretical O2 demand for the exercise |
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Term
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Definition
| full O2 cost is met on a moment to moment basis by use of O2 taken up from the environment by breathing. |
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Term
| Excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) |
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Definition
| “breathing hard” after exercise, oxygen debt. |
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Term
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Definition
| - termed as respectively to be an especially low level of O2 in tissues or an absence of O2 from tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| - reduction in the ATP needs of an animal to levels below the need ordinarily associated with rest in a way that does not present an immediate physiological threat to life. |
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Term
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Definition
| maintenance of a steady rate of aerobic catabolism regardless of the level of O2 in the environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| as O2 levels decreased animal typically become unable to maintain an unaltered rate of aerobic catabolism, and their rates of O2 consumption fall as the environmental O2 level falls. |
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