-sessile

-filter feeders

-specialized cells

-no germ layers

-no tissues

outward pores

inward pores

oscula/osculum

ostia/ostium

- spicules are siliceous

- glass sponges

-siliceous spicules (not Hexactinellida)

- possess spongin

- spicules of either CaCO3 (calcareous) or siliceous (glass-like)

- spongin of collagen fibers

Cells that...

- create H2O flow

- trap food and/or sperm

- line inside of radial canal

- mesh "collar" around flagella

-become sperm or ova

has flagella

Cells that...

- lay flat along surface of sponge

- cover surface of sponge

- alter H2O flow by changing shape

- are self sufficient - phagocytosis

Cells that...

- phagocytosis - self-sufficient

- totipotent - can divide and become any specialized cell

- in the mesohyl - in between choanocytes and pinatocytes

-Smallest, simplest body structure

-Choanocytes line atrium

-H2O flows in Ostia -> atrium ->H2O flows out osculum

- choanocytes line chambers

- incurrent canals

- H2O flows in Ostia -> incurrent canal -> prosopyle -> radial canal -> apopyle -> atrium -> osculum

- largest, most complex of sponge body structures

- incurrent and excurrent canals

- choanocytes line chambers

-H2O flow ostia -> incurrent canal -> prosopyle -> radial canal (w coanocytes) -> apopyle -> excurrent canal -> oscula

- somatic embryogenesis - gemmules = somatic cells

- only need a fragment w a gemmule to regenerate

(usually gemmules found in freshwater b/c they can survive freezing)

- monoecious

- choanocytes become sperm/ova

- choanocytes capture sperm

- they are viviparous - they release ciliated larva

- larva settles -> metamorphoses (like Obelia and Aurelia!)

Class Calcarea

Leucosolenia - asconoid

Sycon - Syconoid