Term
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Definition
| range of motion around a joint or group of joints. Flexibility training decreases risk of injury and may enhance recuperation time/performance. Flexibility training should be performed to warm-up and after exercise since tissues are more pliable when temp is higher. |
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Term
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Definition
| range of motion around a joint or group of joints where speed is NOT a factor. |
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Term
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Definition
| range of motion around a joint/group of joints during movement. Also known as ballistic flexibility, most sports require dynamic flexibility. |
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Term
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Definition
| bring muscle to point of tension & HOLD for short time (~3 sec-1 min). |
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Term
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Definition
| ballistic training; bring musle to point of tension and then bounce around that range of motion. |
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Term
| Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) |
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Definition
| combination of passive stretching and isometric contractions; requires assistance i.e. physical therapy. Generally regarded as better stretching. |
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Term
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Definition
| muscle's response to a sudden, unexpected increase in length; muscle being stretched contracts to minimize the increase in length. |
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Term
| Reciprocal Inhibition (PNF) |
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Definition
| when one muscle receives an impulse to contract (the agonist), and an opposing muscle (the antagonist) relaxes because it is inhibited to contract. By doing so, one can induce relaxation in the muscle to be stretched i.e. to stretch hamstrings, contract quads & hamstrings will relax. |
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Term
| Inverse Myotactic Reflex (Clasp-Knive) |
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Definition
| Golgi Tendon Organ (GTO) - when intensity of a muscle contraction exceeds a critical point, an immediate reflex occurs to inhibit muscle contraction & relax muscle. This serves as protection so tendons don't tear. |
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Term
| Contract-Relax (CR): Type of PNF |
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Definition
| relaxation can be induced in muscles that are being stretched i.e. hamstrings. Limb is stretched to point of tension, then contract the stretched muscle. This fires GTO & initiates inverse myotactic relfex. During brief period of relaxation, stretch muscle further. |
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Term
| Contract-Relax-Antagonist-Contract (CRAC): Type of PNF |
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Definition
| relaxation phase is followed by an active contraction of the antagonists of the muscle group being stretched. |
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